RBSE Prav Voc Apparel Made-Ups and Home Furnishing flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Ease in garment fit

The difference between a garment measurement and the corresponding body measurement. Wearing ease allows movement and breathing; design ease is added for silhouette and fashion styling.

Lengthwise, crosswise and bias grain

Lengthwise grain runs parallel to the selvedge with least stretch; crosswise grain runs weft-wise with moderate stretch; bias at 45 degrees gives maximum stretch and drape.

Standard bed sheet sizes

Cut size follows mattress dimensions plus tuck-in allowance and shrinkage. Typical Indian mattresses: single 90 by 190 cm, double 140 by 190 cm, queen 150 by 200 cm, king 180 by 200 cm.

Tex and denier yarn count

Direct yarn numbering systems where a higher number means a coarser yarn. Tex is grams per 1000 metres; denier is grams per 9000 metres, commonly used for filament yarns.

Cotton count Ne

An indirect yarn numbering system: the number of 840-yard hanks in one pound. A higher Ne means a finer yarn, so Ne 60 is finer than Ne 20.

Plain weave properties

The simplest weave with maximum interlacing: one warp over one weft. It is strong, firm and less lustrous, and is used for poplin, cambric, muslin and sheeting.

Wool fibre identification

A protein fibre with scales that cause felting and warmth. It has low strength, good elasticity, is damaged by alkali, and burns slowly with a hair smell and a crushable black bead.

Pivot method of dart manipulation

Relocating a dart by pivoting the pattern around the bust point without changing fit or adding fullness. Only the dart position changes, not the total intake.

Grading increments

The measurements added at each point of measure to create the next size from a base pattern. Typical women's steps are 5 cm bust, 4 cm waist and 5 cm hip.

Seam allowance standards

Extra fabric beyond the seam line: about 1 cm for general seams, 1.5 cm for curved or fitted seams, and 2.5 to 4 cm for hems, depending on the style.

Sleeve cap ease

The extra length of the sleeve cap compared with the armhole, usually 2.5 to 4 cm total. It is distributed between notches and pressed in to shape the shoulder.

Marker efficiency

The ratio of the area covered by pattern pieces to the total marker area, expressed as a percentage. It improves with narrow size ranges, correct grain alignment and careful piece placement.

Standard minute value

SMV equals basic time multiplied by an allowance factor, where basic time is observed time multiplied by a rating factor. It is the basis for line balancing and costing.

Line balancing formula

Cycle time equals available minutes divided by target output. The number of operators needed equals total SMV divided by cycle time.

Production system types

Progressive bundle moves bundles between operations with high work-in-progress; unit production uses overhead transport with low WIP; modular or team systems give flexible group ownership.

ISO stitch classes

The 100 class is chain stitch, 300 lockstitch, 400 multi-thread chain, 500 overedge and 600 covering chain. Seam classes are defined separately in ISO 4916.

AQL 2.5 and 4.0

Acceptable quality limit values used in ISO 2859-1 sampling. AQL 2.5 commonly applies to major defects and 4.0 to minor defects, at inspection level II.

Four-point fabric inspection

A grading method giving 1 point for defects up to 7.5 cm, 2 points for 7.5 to 15 cm, 3 points for 15 to 23 cm and 4 points above 23 cm.

Seam puckering causes

Wavy seams caused by incorrect thread tension, mismatched needle and thread, excessive pressure on fine fabric, differential feed, or high stitch density in a lightweight fabric.

Curtain fullness ratio

Total curtain width divided by window or track width. Pencil pleat uses about 2 to 2.5 times, pinch pleat 2.5 times, eyelet 1.5 to 2 times and sheers 2.5 to 3 times.

Martindale abrasion test

A rub test that measures how many cycles a fabric withstands before wearing through. Domestic upholstery usually needs 20,000 cycles and contract upholstery 30,000 or more.

Cushion cover insert sizing

The insert should be 2 to 5 cm larger than the cover for a full look, so a 40 cm cover takes a 40 to 45 cm insert. The invisible zip sits in the bottom seam.

Kantha embroidery

A traditional Bengal embroidery using simple running stitches on layered cloth, often on old saris. The stitching gives a rippled texture and is used for quilts and shawls.

Chikankari embroidery

A white-on-white embroidery from Lucknow worked on fine cotton, using shadow work and stitches such as herringbone, stem and satin to create delicate floral motifs.

Appliqué and reverse appliqué

Appliqué attaches a cut shape to a base fabric by hand or machine. Reverse appliqué cuts through the top layer to reveal a contrasting layer beneath.

Machine embroidery backing types

Tear-away backing suits stable wovens, cut-away suits stretchy knits and is trimmed after stitching, and wash-away backing suits sheer or pile fabrics.

Munsell colour system

Describes colour by hue, value and chroma. Hue is the colour name, value is lightness or darkness, and chroma is saturation or intensity.

Croquis proportions

A croquis is a fashion figure drawing about 9 heads tall, compared with a realistic figure of 7.5 heads. Gesture and movement lines are drawn before garment detail.

Tech pack contents

A product specification package containing flat sketches, measurement charts with tolerances, fabric and trim bill of materials, construction details, colourways and packing instructions.

FOB versus CIF price

FOB includes goods, trims, making, overheads and profit up to loading on the ship. CIF adds freight and insurance to the FOB price.

Markup versus margin

Markup is price minus cost divided by cost; margin is price minus cost divided by price. A 50 percent markup equals a 33.3 percent margin.

Needle and machine safety

Guards must stay in place, power must be locked out before servicing, and broken needle fragments must be collected in a sharps container and accounted for.

Ergonomic workstation settings

Seat height set so elbows are level with the table, task lighting of 500 to 750 lux for inspection, anti-fatigue mats, and micro-breaks to prevent musculoskeletal disorders.