Grammar, vocabulary, idioms and translation
Grammar, vocabulary, idioms and translation
This domain tests control of Rajasthani structures and the ability to move meaning between Rajasthani and Hindi without literal distortion. Expect postpositions, pronoun and genitive agreement, verb tense, idiom meaning and short translation.
Core
- Postpositions carry case: नै (dative/accusative), सूं (from/with), में (in), माथै (on), रो/री/रे (genitive).
- Genitive agrees with the possessed noun: म्हारो भाई (masc.), म्हारी बहन (fem.), म्हारे घर (oblique/plural).
- Pronouns: म्हैं (I), थैं (you), वे (he/she/they); plurals and honorifics change the verb.
- Verb order is SOV; the copula is often dropped in present equative sentences.
Worked example
Translate: 'म्हारै गांव में पाणी नी है।' Reasoning: म्हारै = मेरे (oblique genitive), में = में, पाणी = पानी, नी = नहीं, है = है. Hindi: 'मेरे गाँव में पानी नहीं है।' Do not render म्हारै as 'मेरा' because the noun is locative.
Idioms: आंख में धूल झोंकणो = deceive; कान पकड़णो = apologize or submit; नाक कटणी = disgrace. Translate the sense, not the body part.
Traps
- Translating postpositions word-for-word.
- Forgetting genitive gender agreement.
- Rendering idioms literally.