Telangana High Court Process Server cheat sheet

Telangana was formed on 2 June 2014 as the 29th state of India; Hyderabad is its joint capital until 2024 (as per Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014).

Telangana districts: 33 as of 2024 (after the formation of new districts in 2016 and subsequent reorganisations).

Telangana state symbols: animal – Spotted Deer (Jinka), bird – Indian Roller (Pala Pitta), tree – Jammi Chettu (Prosopis cineraria), flower – Tangedu (Cassia auriculata).

Telangana's major rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Manjira, Musi, and Bhima; the Godavari flows through the state for about 600 km.

Telangana's economy: IT hub in Hyderabad (HITEC City), pharmaceuticals, agriculture (rice, cotton, turmeric), and mining (coal in Singareni).

Telangana government schemes: Rythu Bandhu (investment support for farmers), Kalyana Lakshmi (marriage assistance), and Mission Bhagiratha (safe drinking water).

Telangana current affairs: state budget 2024-25 focused on agriculture, irrigation, and welfare; Hyderabad recognised as a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy in 2019.

National current affairs: India hosted the G20 summit in 2023 in New Delhi; Chandrayaan-3 landed near the lunar south pole on 23 August 2023.

Telangana High Court: established on 1 January 2019 after bifurcation from the Andhra Pradesh High Court; located in Hyderabad.

Subject-verb agreement: singular subject takes singular verb; plural subject takes plural verb; indefinite pronouns (everyone, each) are singular.

Tenses: present perfect (has/have + past participle) for past actions with present relevance; past perfect (had + past participle) for the earlier of two past actions.

Articles: 'a' before consonant sounds, 'an' before vowel sounds, 'the' for specific or unique items.

Prepositions: 'since' with a point of time, 'for' with a period; 'between' for two, 'among' for more than two.

Active to passive: object becomes subject; verb becomes be + past participle; by + agent (optional).

Common vocabulary: synonyms (e.g., 'abate' = reduce), antonyms (e.g., 'candid' ≠ evasive), and one-word substitutions (e.g., 'one who loves mankind' = philanthropist).

Reading comprehension: identify main idea, supporting details, inference, and tone; eliminate options not supported by the passage.

Idioms: 'break the ice' = initiate conversation; 'once in a blue moon' = very rarely; 'a piece of cake' = very easy.

Telugu script: 16 vowels (అచ్చులు), 36 consonants (హల్లులు), and 3 dual consonants (ఉభయాక్షరాలు).

Telugu grammar: noun cases (విభక్తులు) – prathama (nominative), dwitiya (accusative), tritiya (instrumental), chaturthi (dative), panchami (ablative), shashthi (genitive), saptami (locative), sambodhana (vocative).

Telugu sentence order: Subject-Object-Verb (SOV), e.g., 'రాముడు పండు తిన్నాడు' (Ramu ate a fruit).

Telugu verb conjugation: past tense marker '–ఆడు' for third person singular masculine (e.g., 'చేశాడు' – did), '–ఆరు' for third person plural (e.g., 'చేశారు' – did).

Telugu vocabulary: common words – 'న్యాయస్థానం' (court), 'సమన్లు' (summons), 'తప్పు' (wrong), 'ఒప్పు' (right).

Telugu comprehension: read passages and answer questions; identify synonyms (పర్యాయపదాలు) and antonyms (వ్యుత్పత్త్యర్థాలు).

Telugu idioms (సామెతలు): 'కంచే చేను మేసింది' (the pot itself ate the crop) = the guardian is the thief; 'అమ్మకు తెలిసిన కోడలు' = a known daughter-in-law.

Telugu proverbs: 'దూరపు కొండలు నునుపు' = distant hills look smooth; 'చేతి కంకణానికి అద్దం ఎందుకు' = why a mirror for a hand ornament (self-evident).

Percentage: x% of y = (x/100) × y; percentage increase = (increase/original) × 100.

Profit and loss: Profit = SP – CP; Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100; Loss% = (Loss/CP) × 100.

Simple interest: SI = (P × R × T)/100; Compound interest: CI = P[(1 + R/100)^T – 1].

Average: Average = Sum of quantities / Number of quantities; if each quantity is increased by x, average increases by x.

Ratio and proportion: If a:b = c:d, then ad = bc; to divide a sum in ratio a:b, parts = (a/(a+b)) × sum and (b/(a+b)) × sum.

Time and work: If A does work in x days and B in y days, together they take xy/(x+y) days.

Speed, time, distance: Distance = Speed × Time; to convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18.

Number series: Identify pattern (arithmetic, geometric, squares, cubes) to find the missing number.

LCM and HCF: LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers; HCF of fractions = HCF of numerators / LCM of denominators.

Blood relations: Draw a family tree; use symbols: + male, – female, = married, | vertical for parent-child.

Direction sense: Start from a point; use N, S, E, W; after moving, net displacement can be found using Pythagoras if turns are 90°.

Coding-decoding: Identify shift in alphabet positions (e.g., A→C means +2); apply same shift to decode.

Syllogism: Use Venn diagrams; 'All A are B' means A is subset of B; 'Some A are B' means intersection non-empty.

Seating arrangement: For linear arrangement, fix positions based on clues; for circular, consider clockwise/anticlockwise and facing direction.

Number analogy: Find relationship (e.g., square, cube, +n) between first pair and apply to second.

Odd one out: Look for category (e.g., all but one are fruits, or all but one are prime numbers).

Series completion: Check differences, ratios, or alternating patterns.

Calendar and clock: In a clock, angle between hands = |30H – 5.5M| degrees; for calendar, odd days concept.

Summons to defendant: Under Order V Rule 1 CPC, when a suit is instituted, the court shall issue summons to the defendant, accompanied by a copy of the plaint.

Modes of service: Personal service (Rule 10), service by post (Rule 20A), service by affixing (Rule 17), service by email or other electronic means (Rule 9A, inserted by 2019 amendment).

Service on a corporation: Under Order XXIX Rule 2, service on the secretary, local manager, or principal officer; if none, on any director or officer.

Service on a partnership firm: Under Order XXX Rule 3, service on any partner or person having control or management of the partnership business.

Substituted service: Under Order V Rule 20, if defendant cannot be served ordinarily, court may order service by affixing on court notice board and/or advertisement in newspaper.

Proof of service: Under Order V Rule 16, the serving officer shall make an affidavit or deliver a report of service; the court may examine the serving officer.

Service by process server: The process server must serve the summons personally and obtain an acknowledgment (Rule 10); if refused, affix a copy and report (Rule 17).

Exemption from personal appearance: Under Order V Rule 4, the court may exempt a defendant from personal appearance in certain cases (e.g., women, minors, persons of unsound mind).

Service on government: Under Section 79 CPC, service on the Government must be on the Secretary to the Government or the Collector of the district.

Process server duties: Serve summons/notices promptly, without delay, and maintain a service register (Order V Rule 16 CPC).

Conduct: Must not accept any bribe or illegal gratification; must act impartially and report truthfully.

Service procedure: Identify the defendant, deliver a copy of summons with plaint copy, obtain signature/thumb impression on the original or a duplicate, and note the date and time of service.

Refusal of service: If the defendant refuses to accept, the process server must affix a copy on the outer door or conspicuous place and report the refusal (Order V Rule 17).

Return of service: After service, the process server must return the original summons to the court with an endorsement of service (Order V Rule 16).

Court hierarchy: Supreme Court > High Court > District Court > Sessions Court (criminal) > Magistrate courts; Telangana High Court is the highest in the state.

Legal terms: Plaintiff (complainant), defendant (respondent), summons (court order to appear), affidavit (sworn statement), jurisdiction (authority to hear).

Process server must carry official identity card and wear prescribed uniform while on duty; must not enter a house without proper authority except as provided by law.

Consequences of non-service: If summons not served, case may be adjourned; false service report can lead to contempt of court and disciplinary action.