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Tamil Nadu HSE First Year Textile and Dress Designing study materials
Tamil Nadu HSE First Year Textile and Dress Designing study resources

Tamil Nadu HSE First Year Textile and Dress Designing practice questions

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Question 1Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which natural fibre is obtained from the seed hair of a plant and is composed mainly of cellulose?

  1. Wool
  2. Cotton Correct answer.
  3. Silk
  4. Jute

Explanation

Cotton is a seed fibre harvested from the boll of the cotton plant and about 90 per cent of its substance is cellulose, making it the classic plant-based apparel fibre. Wool and silk are animal proteins, while jute is a bast fibre from the stem.

Question 2Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A fabric sample burns with a smell of burning hair and leaves a crushable black bead. Which fibre is most likely present?

  1. Viscose rayon
  2. Polyester
  3. Wool Correct answer.
  4. Cotton

Explanation

Protein fibres such as wool and silk release a sulphur-containing odour like burning hair and form a crushable bead, because keratin decomposes rather than melting cleanly. Cellulosic fibres smell of burning paper and polyester melts into a hard bead.

Question 3Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

The length-to-width ratio of a textile fibre is important mainly because it determines whether the fibre can be

  1. mercerised under tension
  2. dyed with reactive dyes
  3. spun into a yarn Correct answer.
  4. bleached with chlorine

Explanation

A fibre must be many times longer than it is wide to be twisted together with others into a continuous yarn. Dyeing, bleaching and mercerising are wet-finishing operations that do not depend on this geometric ratio.

Question 4Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which term describes the natural twist present in a cotton fibre that helps it to be spun into a fine yarn?

  1. Crimp
  2. Lustre
  3. Denier
  4. Convolution Correct answer.

Explanation

Cotton fibre is a flattened tube with ribbon-like twists called convolutions along its length, and these irregularities help adjacent fibres grip each other during spinning. Crimp is the waviness of wool, lustre is surface sheen and denier is a linear density unit.

Question 5Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Fibres that are produced by forcing a polymer solution or melt through spinnerets are grouped as

  1. mineral fibres
  2. manufactured fibres Correct answer.
  3. natural fibres
  4. regenerated fibres

Explanation

Manufactured fibres are made by extruding a fibre-forming substance through spinnerets, and they include both regenerated fibres such as viscose and fully synthetic fibres such as polyester. Natural fibres are formed by plants, animals or minerals without this extrusion step.

Question 6Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Silk is described as a filament fibre because the silkworm produces it as

  1. a hollow tube filled with air
  2. a ribbon with natural convolutions
  3. short staple lengths that must be combed
  4. a continuous strand of great length Correct answer.

Explanation

The silkworm extrudes one continuous filament for the whole cocoon, so reeled silk needs no spinning to form a yarn. Staple fibres are short and must be twisted together, which is why cotton and wool require spinning.

Question 7Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which property makes polyester popular for easy-care school uniforms?

  1. High flammability with low melting point
  2. High moisture regain and quick drying
  3. Good shape retention and wrinkle resistance Correct answer.
  4. Susceptibility to attack by moths

Explanation

Polyester is thermoplastic, so heat setting gives fabrics durable pleats and resistance to creasing during wear and washing. It has low moisture regain rather than high regain, and it resists moth attack.

Question 8Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

The standard unit used to express the linear density of silk and synthetic filament yarns is the

  1. micronaire value
  2. denier Correct answer.
  3. tex count
  4. twist per inch

Explanation

Denier is the mass in grams of 9,000 metres of yarn, and it is traditionally used for filament yarns such as silk and nylon. Micronaire is used for cotton fineness and twist per inch measures yarn twist.

Question 9Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Wool fibre has a natural crimp and a scaly surface. Which consequence follows directly from the scales?

  1. Wool has very low moisture absorption
  2. Wool dissolves in cold dilute acid
  3. Wool conducts heat rapidly away from the body
  4. Wool felts and shrinks when agitated in water Correct answer.

Explanation

The overlapping scales allow fibres to ratchet past one another in one direction only, so agitation in water causes progressive entanglement known as felting and shrinkage. Wool is in fact a poor heat conductor, is damaged by alkali rather than cold acid, and absorbs moisture well.

Question 10Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A label states that a garment is made of 100 per cent viscose rayon. Which raw material is the source of this fibre?

  1. Wood pulp cellulose Correct answer.
  2. Natural protein from casein
  3. Glass melted at high temperature
  4. Petroleum-based polymer

Explanation

Viscose rayon is a regenerated cellulose fibre made by dissolving purified wood pulp in alkali and carbon disulphide and extruding the solution into an acid bath. It is therefore neither a synthetic polymer from petroleum nor a protein or mineral fibre.

Question 11Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which combination of fibre properties best explains why cotton underwear is comfortable in hot weather?

  1. High thermoplasticity and low density
  2. High elastic recovery and low moisture regain
  3. High moisture absorbency and good air permeability Correct answer.
  4. High lustre and high tenacity

Explanation

Cotton absorbs perspiration readily and its yarn structure allows air to circulate, so heat and moisture are carried away from the skin. Elastic recovery, lustre and thermoplasticity are not the reasons for coolness and comfort.

Question 12Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Two yarns have the same mass. Yarn A is finer than yarn B. Which statement about their yarn counts is correct?

  1. Yarn A has a lower metric count than yarn B
  2. Yarn A and yarn B must have equal denier
  3. Yarn A has a higher indirect count than yarn B Correct answer.
  4. Yarn A has a higher tex than yarn B

Explanation

Indirect count systems such as the English cotton count and metric count express the number of length units per unit mass, so a finer yarn gives more length per kilogram and therefore a higher count number. Direct systems such as tex and denier give larger values for coarser yarns.

Question 13Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Mercerisation of cotton fabric is carried out using

  1. hydrogen peroxide at neutral pH
  2. concentrated sodium hydroxide under tension Correct answer.
  3. boiling sodium chloride solution
  4. cold dilute hydrochloric acid

Explanation

Mercerisation treats cotton with strong caustic soda while the fabric is held under tension, causing the fibre to swell, deconvolute and become rounder and more lustrous. Acid, salt solution and peroxide do not produce this effect.

Question 14Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which fibre property is chiefly responsible for the warmth of woollen blankets?

  1. High moisture regain
  2. High thermal conductivity
  3. Natural flame resistance
  4. Trapped still air in crimped, bulky yarn Correct answer.

Explanation

Crimped wool fibres create a bulky yarn with many air pockets, and still air is a poor conductor of heat, so body heat is retained. Wool's low thermal conductivity and its bulk, not its regain or flame behaviour, explain the warmth.

Question 15Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

In a fibre identification laboratory, a student finds that a sample softens and fuses into a hard bead when heated and dissolves in acetone. Which fibre is indicated?

  1. Silk
  2. Nylon 6,6
  3. Cotton
  4. Acetate Correct answer.

Explanation

Acetate is a cellulose derivative that is soluble in acetone and softens on heating, which is a standard confirmatory test for it. Cotton, silk and nylon are not soluble in acetone, so they would remain unaffected.

Question 16Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which statement correctly distinguishes staple fibres from filament fibres?

  1. Staple fibres are measured in kilometres and need no twist
  2. Filament fibres always have a higher moisture regain than staple fibres
  3. Staple fibres are short and require spinning, while filaments are long and may be used directly Correct answer.
  4. Filament fibres are short and must be carded before spinning

Explanation

Staple fibres are short lengths that must be opened, carded and twisted into yarn, whereas filament fibres are continuous and can be twisted lightly or used without spinning. Length, not moisture regain, is the defining difference.

Question 17Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which property of nylon makes it suitable for parachute fabric and climbing ropes?

  1. High tensile strength with good elastic recovery Correct answer.
  2. Susceptibility to sunlight degradation
  3. Low resistance to abrasion
  4. Very high moisture regain

Explanation

Nylon has high tenacity and excellent elastic recovery, so it withstands sudden loads and returns to shape after stretching. It has low moisture regain, and although it is affected by sunlight it is highly abrasion resistant.

Question 18Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A manufacturer wants a fibre that is inherently flame retardant and resistant to high temperature for protective clothing. Which fibre is the most appropriate choice?

  1. Viscose rayon
  2. Cotton
  3. Acrylic
  4. Aramid Correct answer.

Explanation

Aramid fibres such as the meta-aramid family are inherently flame resistant and retain strength at high temperatures, so they are used in protective garments. Rayon, cotton and acrylic are all flammable and unsuitable for this purpose.

Question 19Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which feature of silk fibre gives silk fabric its characteristic smooth handle and high lustre?

  1. Hollow cavities filled with air
  2. Random convolutions along the length
  3. Heavy surface scales that reflect light
  4. A triangular cross-section with a smooth surface Correct answer.

Explanation

Silk filament has a smooth, triangular cross-section that reflects light like a prism, producing its sheen and smooth touch. Scales belong to wool, and hollow or convoluted structures belong to other fibres.

Question 20Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A dyer needs a fibre that accepts reactive dyes readily because of many accessible hydroxyl groups. Which fibre is the best match?

  1. Polyester
  2. Cotton Correct answer.
  3. Glass fibre
  4. Polypropylene

Explanation

Reactive dyes form covalent bonds with hydroxyl groups in cellulose, so cotton and other cellulosic fibres dye well with them in the presence of alkali. Polyester, polypropylene and glass lack these reactive hydroxyl groups.

Question 21Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which statement best explains why viscose rayon fabrics lose strength when wet?

  1. Water increases the degree of polymerisation of the fibre
  2. Water adds extra cross-links between the molecules
  3. Water dissolves the cellulose chains completely
  4. Water breaks the hydrogen bonds that hold the oriented chains together Correct answer.

Explanation

Water molecules penetrate the regenerated cellulose and disrupt the hydrogen bonding between chains, so the fibre swells and its tenacity falls sharply when wet. Water does not dissolve the polymer, add cross-links or raise polymerisation.

Question 22Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

In a blend of 65 per cent polyester and 35 per cent cotton, which benefit does the cotton component mainly contribute?

  1. Better moisture absorbency and comfort Correct answer.
  2. Greater thermoplasticity
  3. Improved crease recovery
  4. Higher abrasion resistance

Explanation

In polyester-cotton blends the polyester supplies strength, shape retention and quick drying, while the cotton adds absorbency and a comfortable feel next to the skin. Crease recovery, abrasion resistance and thermoplasticity come mainly from the polyester.

Question 23Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A fibre has a moisture regain of about 11 per cent, burns with a smell of burning paper, and is soluble in cuprammonium hydroxide solution. Which fibre is it?

  1. Silk
  2. Wool
  3. Viscose rayon Correct answer.
  4. Polyester

Explanation

The combination of paper-like burning, moderate moisture regain and solubility in cuprammonium hydroxide points to a cellulosic fibre, and among the options only viscose rayon is regenerated cellulose. Wool and silk are proteins and polyester is synthetic.

Question 24Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Which structural feature of cotton accounts for its relatively low elongation at break compared with wool?

  1. A hollow lumen running the full length
  2. A high degree of crystallinity and chain orientation in the secondary wall Correct answer.
  3. A random, amorphous arrangement of short chains
  4. A scaly outer layer that slides freely

Explanation

Cotton cellulose is highly crystalline and well oriented along the fibre axis, so the chains resist extension and the fibre breaks at low elongation. Wool's coiled, crimped structure allows much greater extension before rupture.

Question 25Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A student compares two fibres: fibre X has a round cross-section and a smooth surface, fibre Y has a dog-bone cross-section with a lumen. Which conclusion is most reasonable?

  1. X is probably a manufactured filament and Y is probably cotton Correct answer.
  2. Both X and Y must be mineral fibres
  3. X is probably cotton and Y is probably silk
  4. Both X and Y are certainly natural protein fibres

Explanation

A round, smooth profile is typical of extruded manufactured filaments such as nylon or polyester, whereas the kidney-shaped or dog-bone section with a lumen is characteristic of cotton. This makes the first pairing the only reasonable conclusion.

Question 26Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

In the study of textiles, which term describes the smallest repeating unit of a fibre that still retains the characteristic properties of that fibre?

  1. Yarn
  2. Polymer
  3. Monomer Correct answer.
  4. Fibre

Explanation

A monomer is the single small molecule that repeats to build a polymer chain; it is the basic building block of a fibre-forming polymer. The fibre itself is the finished textile unit, and yarn is made by twisting fibres together, so both are larger in scale than the monomer.

Question 27Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A textile student classifies fibres by origin. Which of the following is a natural protein fibre obtained from an animal source?

  1. Flax
  2. Wool Correct answer.
  3. Jute
  4. Ramie

Explanation

Wool is a natural animal fibre built from protein chains, so it is classified as a protein fibre from an animal source. Jute, flax and ramie are all cellulose fibres obtained from plants, which places them in the vegetable fibre group.

Question 28Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A fabric sample shrinks noticeably when washed in hot water and scorches rather than melting near a flame. These observations best indicate that the fibre is

  1. A thermoplastic synthetic fibre such as nylon
  2. A natural cellulose fibre such as cotton Correct answer.
  3. A protein fibre such as silk
  4. A regenerated fibre such as viscose rayon

Explanation

Cotton is a natural cellulose fibre that absorbs water, so it can shrink on hot washing, and it scorches and burns like paper instead of melting into a bead. Thermoplastic synthetics melt, and silk behaves as a protein fibre with a different burning odour, so the combined observations point to cellulose.

Question 29Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

A spinner wants a yarn in which the fibres lie parallel along the length and give high strength with low hairiness. Which fibre form should be selected?

  1. Short staple fibres
  2. Noils
  3. Linters
  4. Filament fibres Correct answer.

Explanation

Filament fibres are long and continuous, so they can be laid parallel without the projecting ends that cause hairiness, giving a smooth, strong yarn. Staple fibres are short and must be twisted together, and their protruding ends increase hairiness and reduce strength.

Question 30Introduction to Textiles and Fibre Science

Two fibres are compared. Fibre P absorbs moisture readily and has high moisture regain, while fibre Q is hydrophobic with very low moisture regain. Which pair of consequences is most consistent with these properties?

  1. P feels clammy and builds static charge; Q dries quickly and conducts electricity well
  2. P feels comfortable next to skin and accumulates static charge; Q feels clammy and dissipates static
  3. P feels comfortable next to skin and dissipates static; Q dries quickly and tends to accumulate static charge Correct answer.
  4. P dries quickly and builds static charge; Q feels clammy and conducts electricity well

Explanation

A hydrophilic fibre such as cotton absorbs perspiration, so it feels comfortable against the skin, and the absorbed moisture allows charge to leak away, reducing static. A hydrophobic fibre such as polyester does not hold water, so it dries fast, but with little moisture to conduct charge it tends to accumulate static electricity.

Question 31Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

In yarn manufacture, the term 'spinning' most accurately refers to which operation?

  1. Removing trash and short fibres from cotton lint
  2. Drawing parallel fibres into a sliver on a carding machine
  3. Winding the finished yarn onto a cone or cheese
  4. Twisting staple fibres together to form a continuous yarn Correct answer.

Explanation

Spinning is the process of attenuating and twisting a mass of staple fibres so that they hold together as a continuous, strong yarn. Carding, combing and winding are separate preparatory or finishing operations that do not themselves impart the twist that creates yarn.

Question 32Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which yarn is produced by twisting together two or more already-spun single yarns?

  1. Rotor-spun yarn
  2. Carded single yarn
  3. Plied yarn Correct answer.
  4. Slub yarn

Explanation

A plied yarn is made by twisting two or more single yarns together, which improves strength, evenness and balance. Carded and rotor-spun yarns are single yarns, and slub yarn is a single yarn with deliberate thick places.

Question 33Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

A yarn label states '2/40s cotton'. What does the '2' indicate?

  1. The yarn is a two-ply yarn Correct answer.
  2. The yarn has two twist directions
  3. The yarn was spun on two machines
  4. The yarn count is 2 tex

Explanation

In the plied-yarn notation, the figure before the slash gives the number of single yarns folded together, so 2/40s means two 40s count singles plied together. The count of the folded yarn is therefore approximately 20s.

Question 34Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which of the following is an indirect (indirect-count) system of yarn numbering?

  1. English cotton count Correct answer.
  2. Decitex
  3. Tex
  4. Denier

Explanation

Indirect systems express yarn number as the length per unit mass, so a higher number means a finer yarn; English cotton count is such a system. Tex, decitex and denier are direct systems based on mass per unit length.

Question 35Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

A yarn has a linear density of 30 tex. What length of this yarn would weigh 3 grams?

  1. 10 metres
  2. 100 metres Correct answer.
  3. 90 metres
  4. 300 metres

Explanation

Tex is the mass in grams of 1000 metres of yarn, so 30 tex means 30 g per 1000 m, or 0.03 g per metre. To obtain 3 g you need 3 ÷ 0.03 = 100 metres of yarn.

Question 36Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which spinning system produces yarn by twisting fibres with a high-speed rotor while the fibres are collected on the inside of a rotating drum?

  1. Air-jet spinning
  2. Open-end rotor spinning Correct answer.
  3. Ring spinning
  4. Wrap spinning

Explanation

In open-end rotor spinning, fibres are opened, fed into a fast-rotating rotor and twisted as they are deposited on the rotor groove, forming a yarn that is then withdrawn. Ring spinning uses a traveller and spindle, air-jet uses swirling air on a false-twist principle, and wrap spinning wraps filaments around a core.

Question 37Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

In a cotton yarn, a 'Z' twist means that the fibres are twisted in which direction?

  1. Twisted with no detectable direction
  2. Spiralling upward to the left, like the middle stroke of the letter S
  3. Alternating first right and then left along the yarn
  4. Spiralling upward to the right, like the middle stroke of the letter Z Correct answer.

Explanation

Twist direction is named after the slant of the visible fibre helix: a Z twist slants like the diagonal of the letter Z, that is upward to the right. S twist slants the opposite way, and a single yarn has one consistent direction, not an alternating one.

Question 38Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Why is a two-ply yarn usually given a twist direction opposite to that of its component singles?

  1. To convert an indirect count into a direct count
  2. To increase the count of the folded yarn
  3. To make the yarn suitable only for warp use
  4. To reduce snarling and balance the torque in the plied yarn Correct answer.

Explanation

Plying with twist opposite to the singles (for example Z-twist singles plied with S twist) cancels much of the internal torque, giving a balanced yarn that resists snarling and kinking. It does not change the count system, and the folded count is governed by the number and count of plies.

Question 39Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which of these is a natural staple fibre used in yarn manufacture?

  1. Polyester filament
  2. Cotton Correct answer.
  3. Viscose rayon filament
  4. Glass filament

Explanation

Cotton is a natural fibre that grows as short staple lengths, so it must be spun into yarn. Viscose, polyester and glass are manufactured fibres, and in filament form they are continuous rather than staple.

Question 40Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which yarn type is made from continuous filaments rather than short staple fibres?

  1. Filament yarn Correct answer.
  2. Carded woollen yarn
  3. Flax tow yarn
  4. Combed cotton yarn

Explanation

Filament yarns are composed of long, continuous strands that need little or no twist to hold together. Combed cotton, carded wool and flax tow are all staple yarns made from relatively short fibres that require twist.

Question 41Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

What is the main purpose of the combing operation in cotton yarn manufacture?

  1. To remove short fibres and neps so that a smoother, stronger yarn results Correct answer.
  2. To wind the yarn onto a package for dispatch
  3. To blend two different fibres uniformly
  4. To insert twist into the sliver before spinning

Explanation

Combing removes short fibres, neps and impurities and straightens the remaining long fibres, producing a cleaner, finer and stronger combed yarn. Twist insertion happens at spinning, blending at the blow room or draw frame, and winding after spinning.

Question 42Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

A fancy yarn in which a thick, soft bunch of fibres is twisted at intervals along a fine ground yarn is best described as which type?

  1. Chenille yarn
  2. Bouclé yarn
  3. Slub yarn Correct answer.
  4. Grindle yarn

Explanation

A slub yarn has deliberate thick places, formed by feeding extra fibre intermittently, spaced along a finer ground yarn. Bouclé has looped effects, chenille is a pile yarn cut from a woven core, and grindle yarn shows random colour rather than thick places.

Question 43Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which direct count system is based on 9000 metres of yarn?

  1. Decitex
  2. Denier Correct answer.
  3. English cotton count
  4. Tex

Explanation

Denier is the mass in grams of 9000 metres of yarn, a system historically used for silk and synthetic filaments. Tex uses 1000 m, decitex uses 10,000 m, and English cotton count is an indirect system based on length per unit mass.

Question 44Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

A yarn of 40s English cotton count is required. Which statement about this yarn is correct?

  1. Its fineness cannot be compared with 20s
  2. It has the same linear density as a 20s cotton yarn
  3. It is finer than a 20s cotton yarn Correct answer.
  4. It is coarser than a 20s cotton yarn

Explanation

English cotton count is an indirect system, so a higher number means more hanks per pound and therefore a finer yarn. Thus 40s cotton is finer, with roughly half the linear density of 20s cotton.

Question 45Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

In the blow room, the main functions of the opening and cleaning machines are to:

  1. comb the sliver to remove short fibres
  2. open compressed cotton tufts and remove heavy trash Correct answer.
  3. double the sliver to improve evenness
  4. twist the fibres into a yarn

Explanation

The blow room opens the compressed bales into small tufts and removes a large part of the heavy trash and dust before carding. Twist insertion belongs to spinning, combing is a separate later process, and doubling is done at the draw frame.

Question 46Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which machine converts carded sliver into a more uniform sliver by combining several slivers and drafting them?

  1. Comber
  2. Ring frame
  3. Roving frame
  4. Draw frame Correct answer.

Explanation

The draw frame doubles several slivers and drafts them, which averages out irregularities and improves sliver evenness and fibre parallelisation. The comber removes short fibres, the roving frame reduces sliver to roving, and the ring frame spins the final yarn.

Question 47Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

A yarn is described as 'combed'. Which property is most likely to be improved compared with a carded yarn of the same count?

  1. Larger number of neps
  2. Greater strength and smoothness Correct answer.
  3. Lower production cost per kilogram
  4. Higher short-fibre content

Explanation

Combed yarn has fewer short fibres and better fibre alignment, so it is smoother, stronger and more even than carded yarn of the same count. The extra combing process also removes more waste and adds cost, so it does not reduce cost or increase neps.

Question 48Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

Which of the following describes a 'blended' yarn?

  1. A yarn made by twisting two cotton single yarns together
  2. A yarn made from one fibre type but with varying twist
  3. A yarn spun from an intimate mixture of two different fibre types Correct answer.
  4. A yarn made by plying filament and staple yarns of the same polymer

Explanation

A blended yarn is spun from an intimate mixture of different fibre types, such as polyester and cotton, so that the properties of both contribute throughout the yarn. Plying two identical cotton yarns or varying twist within one fibre type does not constitute blending.

Question 49Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

In yarn numbering, which statement correctly distinguishes direct from indirect systems?

  1. Both systems give mass per unit length but use different units
  2. Direct systems give length per unit mass; indirect systems give mass per unit length
  3. Both systems give length per unit mass but use different units
  4. Direct systems give mass per unit length; indirect systems give length per unit mass Correct answer.

Explanation

In a direct system the count rises as the yarn becomes coarser because it expresses mass per fixed length, as in tex and denier. In an indirect system the count rises as the yarn becomes finer because it expresses length per fixed mass, as in cotton count.

Question 50Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Classification

A 20s cotton single yarn is plied two-fold. What is the approximate resultant count in the English cotton system, ignoring contraction?

  1. 40s
  2. 80s
  3. 10s Correct answer.
  4. 20s

Explanation

For plied yarns in an indirect system, the resultant count equals the single count divided by the number of plies, so 20s ÷ 2 gives approximately 10s. The folded yarn is coarser and heavier than each single, which corresponds to a lower indirect count.