Tamil Nadu HSE Second Year Computer Applications study plan

Define and classify the five generations of computers, listing one defining hardware technology and one limitation for each generation

Convert numbers among binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal by hand, then verify ten conversions with a written check method

Perform binary addition, subtraction and 2's complement representation of negative integers without a calculator

Explain the functions of CPU, ALU, control unit, registers, cache and primary memory in your own words with a labelled block diagram you draw yourself

Distinguish system software from application software and give three examples of each with the reason it belongs there

Trace the fetch-decode-execute cycle step by step for a simple instruction and state which register holds which value at each step

Compare batch, time-sharing, real-time and distributed operating systems on three criteria you choose

Explain the purpose of process scheduling, memory management and file management with one concrete example each

Write, compile and run five short C++ programs covering input, output and arithmetic operators

Identify and fix three deliberately introduced syntax errors in given short programs

Write algorithms in pseudocode for sum of n numbers, largest of three, and factorial, using sequence, selection and iteration

Draw flowcharts for the same three problems using correct standard symbols

Translate each algorithm into C++ and into Python and note the syntax differences for input, output and loops

Implement if-else-if and switch constructs to grade a mark and to build a four-operation calculator

Implement for, while and do-while loops and state one problem where each loop form is the natural choice

Declare and call user-defined functions with and without return values, and explain parameter passing by value with a trace

Distinguish local and global variables using a program that shows scope behaviour in output

Declare one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays and write programs for sum, maximum, linear search and matrix addition

Apply string handling operations such as length, concatenation, comparison and substring extraction

Debug four given programs containing off-by-one loop errors, wrong array indexing and misplaced braces

Define relation, tuple, attribute, primary key, foreign key and candidate key, and identify each in three given table descriptions

Write SQL queries using SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY, DISTINCT, BETWEEN, IN and LIKE against tables you create yourself

Use aggregate functions COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN and MAX with GROUP BY and HAVING

Write queries joining two tables and explain the difference between a Cartesian product and an equi-join

Create, alter and drop tables with appropriate data types and constraints including NOT NULL and UNIQUE

Structure a valid HTML document using doctype, head, title, body and meta tags, and validate it against a checklist

Build a page using headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, hyperlinks and images with correct attributes

Apply an external CSS file to control colour, font, text alignment, borders, margin and padding

Explain the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web, and describe the roles of IP address, DNS, URL, HTTP and a browser

Classify network types LAN, MAN and WAN and compare circuit switching with packet switching

Describe the use of styles, templates, spell check, find and replace, and mail merge in a word processor with a use case for each

Write formulas using relative and absolute references for SUM, AVERAGE, IF and COUNT, and explain what each returns

Outline the steps to insert a chart and apply a slide transition and animation in presentation software

Define cloud computing service models IaaS, PaaS and SaaS with one everyday example of each

Explain IoT architecture layers and three real applications, and define AI, machine learning and e-commerce models such as B2B and B2C

List cyber safety practices covering strong passwords, phishing identification, safe browsing and the IT Act provisions you have studied

Revise all nine domains using a one-page summary per domain that you write from memory, then check against notes

Solve two full-length model papers under exam time limits without referring to notes

Re-attempt every previously wrong question and record the reason for each error

Practise writing SQL queries and C++ programs on paper to build speed without an editor

Memorise key definitions and differences likely to appear as two-mark and five-mark answers