Tamil Nadu HSE Second Year Zoology study plan

Draw and label the male and female reproductive tracts from memory, naming each structure's function in one line

Sequence spermatogenesis and oogenesis side by side, marking where meiosis I and II occur and the chromosome number at each stage

Trace the hormonal axis GnRH–FSH/LH–testosterone and GnRH–FSH/LH–estrogen/progesterone, and predict the effect of removing one node

Map the menstrual cycle phases onto the ovarian cycle and endometrial thickness, and state which hormone dominates each phase

Sketch the digestive tract and write the enzyme, substrate, product and site for at least eight digestive secretions

Label the human heart, trace the double circulation path, and explain the cardiac cycle with systole/diastole pressure events

Interpret a normal ECG trace by naming what each wave represents and relate it to nodal conduction

Explain gas exchange and oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation, and predict shifts caused by pH, temperature and CO2

Describe nephron function segment by segment and contrast filtration, reabsorption and secretion with the substances moved

Explain sliding filament theory and the roles of actin, myosin, troponin, calcium and ATP in contraction and relaxation

Solve monohybrid and dihybrid crosses with Punnett squares and state phenotype and genotype ratios from memory

Distinguish incomplete dominance, codominance and multiple alleles using worked examples with ratios

Work blood-group inheritance problems including Rh, and explain how a child's group can exclude a claimed parent

Explain sex-linked inheritance and predict outcomes for carrier-mother crosses

Describe the molecular basis of a point mutation and a frameshift, and state the effect on the protein

Describe DNA replication, transcription and translation step by step, naming enzymes and directionality

Use the genetic code to translate a short mRNA sequence and predict the protein change after a substitution

Explain the lac operon logic as a model of gene regulation in prokaryotes

Outline recombinant DNA steps from restriction digestion through ligation, transformation and selection

Compare PCR, gel electrophoresis and blotting by purpose, principle and output

Classify immunity into innate and acquired, active and passive, and place each vaccine type correctly

Explain how vaccines generate memory and describe at least four vaccine categories with an example each

Summarise the causative agent, transmission and prevention of six major human diseases

Distinguish antibiotics, antivirals and antifungals by target, and explain why antibiotics fail against viruses

Describe five industrial or agricultural uses of microbes, naming the organism and the product or process

Order the evidence for evolution from fossils, homology, embryology and molecular data, and state what each proves

Explain natural selection, genetic drift, founder effect and bottleneck with a worked allele-frequency example

State the leading hypotheses for the origin of life and the classic experiments testing them

Build a phylum-level chart of animal kingdom with symmetry, coelom, segmentation and unique features

Compare vertebrate organ systems across classes to identify homologous structures

Explain energy flow, trophic levels and the ten-percent rule, and calculate transfer efficiency from given numbers

Distinguish population growth models and identify density-dependent and density-independent factors

Describe nutrient cycling, especially carbon and nitrogen, naming the microbial steps

Classify biodiversity levels and explain hotspots, endemism and the species-area relationship

Summarise major environmental issues with cause, effect and one corrective measure each

Re-solve every question missed in weeks 1 to 7 without consulting notes

Time yourself on two full-length mixed papers and record domain-wise accuracy

Rewrite weak-topic summaries into one-page condensed revision cards

Recite key diagrams from memory: reproductive tracts, heart, nephron and DNA replication

Finalise an exam-day strategy covering question order, time per section and diagram labelling