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Tamil Nadu SSLC Social Science study materials
Tamil Nadu SSLC Social Science study resources

Tamil Nadu SSLC Social Science practice questions

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Question 1Social Science

Which ancient Tamil text is a grammar work traditionally attributed to Tolkappiyar and divided into sections on letters, words and subject matter?

  1. Manimekalai
  2. Purananuru
  3. Tolkappiyam Correct answer.
  4. Silappathikaram

Explanation

Tolkappiyam is the earliest available Tamil grammar and is organised into the three divisions Eluttatikaram (letters), Collatikaram (words) and Porulatikaram (subject matter). The other three are literary works, not grammars.

Question 2Social Science

The Sangam age is conventionally dated by historians using the reign of which Chera ruler mentioned in the Patitruppattu?

  1. Karikala
  2. Perunarkilli
  3. Nedunjeliyan
  4. Senguttuvan Correct answer.

Explanation

Senguttuvan, the Chera king who is the hero of Silappathikaram and is praised in Patitruppattu, is used as an anchor for dating the Sangam period. Karikala and Nedunjeliyan were Chola and Pandya rulers respectively.

Question 3Social Science

A student reads that the Chola king Rajaraja I built the Brihadeeswarar temple at Thanjavur. Which source would give the most direct contemporary epigraphic evidence for his grants to that temple?

  1. A Sangam anthology of poems
  2. A British-era district gazetteer
  3. The Thanjavur inscription recording land gifts to the temple Correct answer.
  4. A modern school textbook chapter on the Cholas

Explanation

Contemporary inscriptions are primary epigraphic sources carved at the time and record donations, officers and dates directly. Later gazetteers and textbooks are secondary interpretations, and Sangam anthologies predate the Cholas by centuries.

Question 4Social Science

Which mountain range separates the Deccan plateau from the coastal plains of peninsular India on the western side?

  1. Vindhya Range
  2. Aravalli Range
  3. Western Ghats Correct answer.
  4. Eastern Ghats

Explanation

The Western Ghats run along the western edge of the Deccan plateau and form the water divide between the west-flowing rivers and the plateau rivers. The Eastern Ghats lie on the eastern side, while the Aravalli and Vindhya ranges are in northern and central India.

Question 5Social Science

Tamil Nadu receives most of its rainfall from the north-east monsoon. Which district is most likely to benefit strongly from this retreating monsoon?

  1. Vellore
  2. Coimbatore
  3. Dharmapuri
  4. Thoothukudi Correct answer.

Explanation

During the north-east monsoon, moisture-bearing winds from the Bay of Bengal strike the Coromandel coast, and southern coastal districts such as Thoothukudi receive heavy rain in October to December. Coimbatore, Dharmapuri and Vellore lie in the rain-shadow interior and depend on the south-west monsoon.

Question 6Social Science

Which soil type, formed from the weathering of granite and gneiss, covers much of the Tamil Nadu plateau and is red because of iron oxide?

  1. Red soil Correct answer.
  2. Black cotton soil
  3. Alluvial soil
  4. Laterite soil

Explanation

Red soils develop over crystalline rocks such as granite and gneiss and their colour comes from ferric oxide. Black cotton soil derives from basalt, alluvial soil is deposited by rivers, and laterite forms under heavy leaching in high-rainfall areas.

Question 7Social Science

The Palk Strait separates Tamil Nadu from which country?

  1. Maldives
  2. Indonesia
  3. Myanmar
  4. Sri Lanka Correct answer.

Explanation

The Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar lie between the southern Tamil Nadu coast and northern Sri Lanka. The Maldives, Myanmar and Indonesia are separated from India by much larger stretches of sea.

Question 8Social Science

Under the Indian Constitution, which body conducts elections to the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies?

  1. NITI Aayog
  2. Supreme Court of India
  3. Union Public Service Commission
  4. Election Commission of India Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 324 vests the superintendence, direction and control of elections to Parliament and State legislatures in the Election Commission of India. NITI Aayog is a policy think tank, the Supreme Court adjudicates disputes, and the UPSC recruits civil servants.

Question 9Social Science

A bill passed by the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is sent to the Governor. Which action is constitutionally open to the Governor in the ordinary case of an ordinary bill?

  1. Permanently reject the bill without any further procedure
  2. Return the bill to the House with a message for reconsideration Correct answer.
  3. Amend the bill directly before granting assent
  4. Refer the bill to the Election Commission for approval

Explanation

The Governor may grant assent, withhold assent, or return a non-Money bill to the House with a message; if the House passes it again, assent cannot ordinarily be refused. The Governor cannot amend legislation or permanently veto it, and the Election Commission has no role in law-making.

Question 10Social Science

Which fundamental right was described by Dr B. R. Ambedkar as the heart and soul of the Constitution?

  1. Right to Equality
  2. Right against Exploitation
  3. Right to Freedom of Religion
  4. Right to Constitutional Remedies Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 32, the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights, was called the heart and soul of the Constitution by Ambedkar because it makes the other rights enforceable. The other rights are substantive guarantees but lack this enforcing character.

Question 11Social Science

The Green Revolution in Tamil Nadu mainly raised the production of which crop through high-yielding varieties and assured irrigation?

  1. Cotton
  2. Rice Correct answer.
  3. Sugarcane
  4. Groundnut

Explanation

The Green Revolution introduced semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat with fertiliser and irrigation, and in Tamil Nadu it transformed paddy cultivation, especially in the Cauvery delta. Cotton, sugarcane and groundnut were not the central crops of that programme.

Question 12Social Science

Which industry is the largest employer in the informal manufacturing sector of Tamil Nadu towns such as Tiruppur and Erode?

  1. Aerospace assembly
  2. Textile and knitwear production Correct answer.
  3. Shipbuilding
  4. Petroleum refining

Explanation

Tiruppur and Erode are centres of cotton knitwear and textile processing that employ large numbers of workers in small and medium units. Shipbuilding, aerospace and petroleum refining are capital-intensive and located elsewhere, such as Chennai and Thoothukudi.

Question 13Social Science

In a village panchayat, which body is constitutionally required to be constituted to ensure participation of women and weaker sections in local governance?

  1. Gram Sabha with ward committees and reservation of seats Correct answer.
  2. District Collector's advisory council
  3. Municipal Corporation council
  4. State Planning Commission

Explanation

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment made the Gram Sabha the foundation of panchayati raj and mandated reservation of seats for women and Scheduled Castes and Tribes. The Collector's council, State Planning Commission and municipal councils are not village-level elected bodies of this kind.

Question 14Social Science

Which of these is the correct order of the three tiers of the Indian judiciary from lowest to highest?

  1. Subordinate courts, Supreme Court, High Court
  2. High Court, Supreme Court, Subordinate courts
  3. Subordinate courts, High Court, Supreme Court Correct answer.
  4. Supreme Court, High Court, Subordinate courts

Explanation

The Indian judiciary is pyramidal: subordinate and district courts at the base, High Courts at the state level, and the Supreme Court at the apex. Appeals generally move upward through these tiers.

Question 15Social Science

A farmer in the Cauvery delta finds that the river carries less water in years of weak south-west monsoon in Karnataka. Which factor best explains this?

  1. The Cauvery is fed mainly by glaciers in the Himalayas
  2. The Cauvery rises in Karnataka and its flow depends on rainfall in the catchment upstream Correct answer.
  3. The delta receives water only from the north-east monsoon directly
  4. The river is a west-flowing river unaffected by Karnataka

Explanation

The Cauvery originates in the Brahmagiri hills of Karnataka, so rainfall in that upper catchment controls the flow reaching Tamil Nadu. It is not a Himalayan glacier-fed river, and it flows east into the Bay of Bengal.

Question 16Social Science

Which of the following is a direct consequence of the latitudinal extent of India from about 8 degrees N to 37 degrees N?

  1. A uniform rainfall pattern across the whole country
  2. Permanent snow cover over most of the Deccan plateau
  3. A tropical to sub-tropical climate with seasonal monsoon reversal Correct answer.
  4. Absence of any seasonal change in temperature

Explanation

India's latitudinal spread places the southern peninsula in the tropics and the north in the sub-tropics, producing a monsoon climate with marked seasonal reversal. The Deccan is not snow-covered, seasons do vary, and rainfall is highly uneven.

Question 17Social Science

Which Mughal emperor's reign is associated with the construction of the Red Fort at Delhi and the Taj Mahal at Agra?

  1. Babur
  2. Shah Jahan Correct answer.
  3. Aurangzeb
  4. Akbar

Explanation

Shah Jahan commissioned both the Red Fort at Delhi and the Taj Mahal at Agra, monuments of Mughal architecture at its height. Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri, Aurangzeb built the Bibi ka Maqbara, and Babur's reign predates these structures.

Question 18Social Science

The Vellore Mutiny of 1806 broke out chiefly because of which immediate cause?

  1. The introduction of the Permanent Settlement
  2. The annexation of Awadh by the British
  3. A hike in land revenue on zamindars
  4. New army regulations on dress and appearance that offended soldiers' religious sentiments Correct answer.

Explanation

The Vellore Mutiny was triggered by new regulations on uniforms, including the removal of caste marks and beards, which offended the sepoys' religious feelings. Land revenue measures and the annexation of Awadh are unrelated to the events at Vellore in 1806.

Question 19Social Science

Which session of the Indian National Congress adopted the resolution on Purna Swaraj, declaring complete independence as the goal?

  1. Surat session of 1907
  2. Calcutta session of 1906
  3. Nagpur session of 1920
  4. Lahore session of 1929 Correct answer.

Explanation

At the Lahore session of 1929, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, the Congress declared Purna Swaraj and authorised the observation of 26 January 1930 as Independence Day. The Calcutta session of 1906 adopted Swaraj as the goal, the Surat session split the party, and Nagpur adopted the Non-Cooperation programme.

Question 20Social Science

A historian studying the Non-Cooperation Movement finds that it was withdrawn in February 1922. Which event is most directly linked to that withdrawal?

  1. The Simon Commission's arrival in 1928
  2. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919
  3. The partition of Bengal in 1905
  4. The Chauri Chaura incident in which a mob burned a police station Correct answer.

Explanation

After the violence at Chauri Chaura in February 1922, Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement because it had turned violent. Jallianwala Bagh preceded the movement, and the Simon Commission and Bengal partition belong to other phases.

Question 21Social Science

Which international organisation was established in 1945 to maintain peace and security and to promote cooperation among nations?

  1. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
  2. United Nations Organisation Correct answer.
  3. League of Nations
  4. World Trade Organisation

Explanation

The United Nations was founded in 1945 after the Second World War to maintain international peace and security and to foster cooperation. The League of Nations was its unsuccessful predecessor, SAARC is a regional body formed in 1985, and the WTO deals with trade rules.

Question 22Social Science

In the context of the Tamil Nadu economy, which term describes the migration of workers from rural areas to cities like Chennai and Coimbatore in search of factory and service employment?

  1. Rural to urban migration Correct answer.
  2. Seasonal migration to hill stations
  3. International emigration
  4. Reverse migration

Explanation

Movement of people from villages to towns and cities for work is called rural to urban migration and is a major feature of urbanisation. Reverse migration means returning from cities to villages, while the other options describe different movements.

Question 23Social Science

A student compares the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats. Which statement is accurate?

  1. Both ranges are of equal height and receive equal rainfall
  2. The Eastern Ghats are continuous while the Western Ghats are broken into isolated hills
  3. The Western Ghats are higher and receive heavier south-west monsoon rain than the Eastern Ghats Correct answer.
  4. The Eastern Ghats are higher and receive more rain than the Western Ghats

Explanation

The Western Ghats form a higher, more continuous escarpment that intercepts the south-west monsoon, producing very heavy rain on the windward side. The Eastern Ghats are lower and more discontinuous and lie in the rain-shadow during that season.

Question 24Social Science

Which of the following best explains why the Cauvery delta supports dense paddy cultivation while the dry interior districts of Tamil Nadu grow millets?

  1. Higher soil salinity in the delta than in the interior
  2. Availability of assured irrigation water in the delta versus rainfed conditions inland Correct answer.
  3. Cooler delta temperatures that suit paddy
  4. Absence of markets for millets in the delta

Explanation

Paddy needs abundant water, which the Cauvery delta provides through canal irrigation, while the interior districts depend on limited rainfall and are suited to hardy millets. Temperature, salinity and market access are not the decisive contrast here.

Question 25Social Science

Which feature of the Indian Constitution ensures that the Fundamental Rights can be enforced against the State?

  1. The Preamble's declaration of sovereignty
  2. The right to move the Supreme Court under Article 32 for their enforcement Correct answer.
  3. The Directive Principles of State Policy in Part IV
  4. The provision for a Finance Commission

Explanation

Article 32 provides the constitutional remedy by which a person can move the Supreme Court when a fundamental right is violated, making the rights justiciable. Directive Principles are non-justiciable guidelines, and the Preamble and Finance Commission do not provide enforcement.

Question 26Social Science

Which geographical feature forms the eastern boundary of the Tamil Nadu plateau region and is known for its discontinuous, low-lying hills?

  1. The Eastern Ghats Correct answer.
  2. The Anaimalai Hills
  3. The Palani Hills
  4. The Nilgiri Hills

Explanation

The Eastern Ghats run along the eastern edge of the Deccan and Tamil Nadu uplands as a broken chain of low hills cut by rivers. The Nilgiri, Anaimalai and Palani ranges all belong to the Western Ghats system in the west.

Question 27Social Science

Which river of Tamil Nadu is popularly called the 'Dakshina Ganga' because of its sacred status and long course through the delta?

  1. The Vaigai
  2. The Cauvery Correct answer.
  3. The Palar
  4. The Thamirabarani

Explanation

The Cauvery is revered in Tamil tradition and is often titled Dakshina Ganga for its sanctity and its long, fertile delta course. The Vaigai, Thamirabarani and Palar are important but shorter rivers of the state.

Question 28Social Science

Which crop is chiefly grown in Tamil Nadu during the 'Samba' season, sown between July and August and harvested in the winter months?

  1. Cotton
  2. Paddy Correct answer.
  3. Groundnut
  4. Sugarcane

Explanation

Samba is a paddy season in the Tamil Nadu cropping calendar, sown with the onset of the south-west monsoon and harvested later in the year. Cotton, groundnut and sugarcane follow different seasonal patterns.

Question 29Social Science

The Chola dynasty's greatest territorial expansion and its famous naval expedition against Srivijaya occurred under which ruler?

  1. Rajaraja Chola I
  2. Rajendra Chola I Correct answer.
  3. Karikala Chola
  4. Kulothunga Chola I

Explanation

Rajendra Chola I led the celebrated naval campaign across the sea against Srivijaya and extended Chola power to the Ganga region, earning the title Gangaikonda Cholan. Rajaraja I was his father and predecessor, while Karikala belongs to the earlier Sangam age.

Question 30Social Science

Which Pallava ruler is credited with founding the city of Mamallapuram and patronising the rock-cut monuments there?

  1. Simhavishnu
  2. Mahendravarman I
  3. Narasimhavarman I Correct answer.
  4. Nandivarman II

Explanation

Narasimhavarman I, called Mamallan, is associated with Mamallapuram and its rock-cut rathas and cave temples. Mahendravarman I began Pallava rock-cut architecture, while Simhavishnu founded the dynasty's ascendancy.

Question 31Social Science

The Vaikunta Perumal temple at Kanchipuram, whose walls carry sculpted panels depicting royal history, was built under the patronage of which dynasty?

  1. The Cheras
  2. The Pandyas
  3. The Pallavas Correct answer.
  4. The Chalukyas of Badami

Explanation

The Vaikunta Perumal temple is a Pallava foundation of the eighth century and its narrative panels are a key source for Pallava political history. The Pandyas, Cheras and Badami Chalukyas ruled other regions and left different architectural signatures.

Question 32Social Science

Which European power captured Pondicherry from the French in 1761 during the Carnatic Wars, only to return it later by treaty?

  1. The Portuguese
  2. The Dutch
  3. The Danes
  4. The British Correct answer.

Explanation

British forces under Eyre Coote took Pondicherry in 1761, ending French political ambitions in the Carnatic, though the town was restored to France by the Treaty of Paris in 1763. Portugal, the Netherlands and Denmark held other settlements in India.

Question 33Social Science

Who founded the Self-Respect Movement in Tamil Nadu in 1925 to challenge caste-based social hierarchy?

  1. K. Kamaraj
  2. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
  3. C. N. Annadurai
  4. E. V. Ramasamy Correct answer.

Explanation

E. V. Ramasamy, known as Periyar, launched the Self-Respect Movement in 1925 to attack caste privilege and promote rationalism and social equality. Annadurai and Kamaraj were later political leaders, and Ram Mohan Roy worked in Bengal.

Question 34Social Science

The Justice Party, formed in 1916, drew its main support from which section of society in the Madras Presidency?

  1. European planters in the Nilgiris
  2. Non-Brahmin communities seeking representation in education and government service Correct answer.
  3. Muslim traders of the Malabar coast
  4. Brahmin landholders of the Cauvery delta

Explanation

The South Indian Liberal Federation, popularly the Justice Party, was formed to press for non-Brahmin representation in education and public employment under British rule. It was not a planters', traders' or Brahmin landholder body.

Question 35Social Science

Which article of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form?

  1. Article 17 Correct answer.
  2. Article 21
  3. Article 14
  4. Article 19

Explanation

Article 17 abolishes untouchability and makes its practice an offence punishable by law. Article 14 guarantees equality before the law, Article 19 protects freedoms of speech and movement, and Article 21 protects life and personal liberty.

Question 36Social Science

A state government wishes to make special provision for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes. Which constitutional article directly permits this?

  1. Article 15(4) Correct answer.
  2. Article 44
  3. Article 25
  4. Article 32

Explanation

Article 15(4), inserted by the First Amendment, allows the State to make special provisions for backward classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Articles 25, 32 and 44 deal with religion, writ remedies and the uniform civil code respectively.

Question 37Social Science

Which writ is issued by a court to a public authority that has failed to perform a duty imposed on it by law?

  1. Certiorari
  2. Habeas corpus
  3. Quo warranto
  4. Mandamus Correct answer.

Explanation

Mandamus literally means 'we command' and compels a public authority to carry out a legal duty it has neglected. Habeas corpus secures release from unlawful detention, quo warranto questions a claim to public office, and certiorari quashes a lower authority's order.

Question 38Social Science

In the Indian federal scheme, which subject appears in the Concurrent List, allowing both Parliament and State Legislatures to legislate?

  1. Defence
  2. Education Correct answer.
  3. Police
  4. Currency

Explanation

Education was moved to the Concurrent List by the 42nd Amendment, so both Parliament and state legislatures may legislate on it. Defence and currency are Union List subjects, and police is a State List subject.

Question 39Social Science

Which local body is constituted at the intermediate level between the village panchayat and the district panchayat in Tamil Nadu's three-tier panchayat system?

  1. The village panchayat
  2. The panchayat union Correct answer.
  3. The district panchayat
  4. The town panchayat

Explanation

Tamil Nadu's rural local government has village panchayats at the base, panchayat unions at the intermediate block level and district panchayats at the apex. Town panchayats are urban bodies and do not occupy the intermediate rural tier.

Question 40Social Science

A gram sabha meeting is convened in a Tamil Nadu village. Who is entitled to participate in it?

  1. All registered voters of the village panchayat area Correct answer.
  2. Only officials appointed by the district collector
  3. Only elected panchayat members
  4. Only landowners of the village

Explanation

The gram sabha consists of all persons registered in the electoral rolls of a village panchayat, making it a direct assembly of the village electorate. Elected members, landowners alone and appointed officials do not define its membership.

Question 41Social Science

Which of the following is an example of a primary sector activity in the Tamil Nadu economy?

  1. Insurance underwriting in Madurai
  2. Fishing along the Nagapattinam coast Correct answer.
  3. Software development in Chennai
  4. Cotton spinning in a Coimbatore mill

Explanation

Primary activities draw products directly from nature, and coastal fishing belongs to this category. Spinning is manufacturing (secondary), while software and insurance are service (tertiary) activities.

Question 42Social Science

Which term describes the total money value of all final goods and services produced within the boundaries of a country in a year?

  1. Balance of trade
  2. Net National Income
  3. Per capita income
  4. Gross Domestic Product Correct answer.

Explanation

Gross Domestic Product measures the market value of final goods and services produced within a country's territory in a given period. Net national income deducts depreciation and accounts for factor income abroad, per capita income divides national income by population, and balance of trade compares exports with imports.

Question 43Social Science

In Tamil Nadu, which scheme provides guaranteed wage employment on rural public works for a fixed number of days per household per year?

  1. The Public Distribution System
  2. The Mid-Day Meal Scheme
  3. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme Correct answer.
  4. The Ayushman Bharat scheme

Explanation

MGNREGS legally guarantees a minimum number of days of unskilled wage employment in a year to rural households that demand work. The PDS supplies subsidised foodgrain, the mid-day meal scheme feeds schoolchildren, and Ayushman Bharat provides health cover.

Question 44Social Science

A small farmer in the dry Ramanathapuram district wants to reduce risk from uncertain rainfall. Which practice best illustrates crop diversification as a risk-reducing strategy?

  1. Growing only paddy on the entire holding
  2. Growing a mix of millets, pulses and a cash crop on different plots Correct answer.
  3. Leaving the entire field fallow for the year
  4. Borrowing heavily to sink a deep borewell for paddy

Explanation

Diversification spreads risk because millets and pulses tolerate dry conditions while cash crops add income, so a single failed crop does not ruin the household. Monoculture paddy and heavy borrowing for water increase exposure to drought.

Question 45Social Science

A study finds that a town in Tamil Nadu has many small workshops making pumpsets with low capital but high labour use. This is best described as which type of industry?

  1. A multinational corporation
  2. A cottage and small-scale industry Correct answer.
  3. A large-scale heavy industry
  4. A public sector undertaking

Explanation

Cottage and small-scale industries use relatively little capital, rely on local labour and operate in decentralised workshops, as with Coimbatore's pumpset clusters. Heavy industry, public undertakings and multinationals involve large capital and formal corporate organisation.

Question 46Social Science

Which of the following best explains why Chennai's port and industrial corridor have attracted automobile and electronics firms?

  1. The availability of skilled labour, port access and agglomeration of supplier firms Correct answer.
  2. The complete absence of urbanisation
  3. The presence of high tariff barriers against imports
  4. The absence of transport infrastructure

Explanation

Firms cluster where they can reach skilled workers, export through a major port and share suppliers and services, which lowers costs, a phenomenon called agglomeration. Missing infrastructure, high tariffs and lack of urbanisation would deter rather than attract investment.

Question 47Social Science

Which is the correct sequence of stages in the hydrological cycle, beginning with evaporation from the sea?

  1. Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, run-off Correct answer.
  2. Precipitation, evaporation, condensation, run-off
  3. Run-off, condensation, evaporation, precipitation
  4. Condensation, precipitation, run-off, evaporation

Explanation

Water evaporates from the sea, condenses into clouds, falls as precipitation and returns to the sea as run-off or groundwater flow. The other orders place condensation or run-off before the processes that produce them.

Question 48Social Science

A Tamil Nadu coastal district experiences severe seawater intrusion into its wells after years of excessive groundwater pumping. Which measure most directly addresses the cause?

  1. Shifting all farmers to paddy cultivation
  2. Increasing the number of borewells
  3. Extending pumping hours during summer
  4. Recharging aquifers and regulating groundwater extraction Correct answer.

Explanation

Seawater intrusion occurs when freshwater levels fall below sea level because of over-extraction, so artificial recharge and regulated pumping restore the freshwater head that keeps the sea out. More borewells and longer pumping worsen the problem, and paddy raises water demand.

Question 49Social Science

Which of the following is the main function of the Reserve Bank of India?

  1. Collecting direct taxes from citizens
  2. Running the public distribution system
  3. Fixing the prices of agricultural commodities
  4. Regulating the issue of currency and controlling credit Correct answer.

Explanation

The RBI is the central bank and is responsible for issuing currency, controlling credit and regulating the banking system. Taxation, agricultural price fixing and the PDS are handled by other agencies such as the Income Tax Department and the Food Corporation of India.

Question 50Social Science

A student argues that India's federal structure is 'quasi-federal'. Which feature of the Constitution best supports this argument?

  1. The appointment of the Governor by the President and the Union's power to legislate on state subjects in emergencies Correct answer.
  2. The existence of separate state legislatures
  3. The division of subjects into three lists
  4. The holding of periodic elections to state assemblies

Explanation

A quasi-federal reading rests on features that give the Union overriding authority, such as centrally appointed Governors and emergency powers to legislate on state subjects. Separate legislatures, state elections and the three lists are features of federalism rather than evidence against it.