Health Information Systems, Data, and Reporting
This domain checks whether you can produce clean, timely, correctly calculated data from the Health and Wellness Centre and defend the numbers you submit.
Where data live
- Facility registers: OPD, ANC, immunisation, family planning, TB, NCD screening, births and deaths.
- Portals: HMIS (monthly facility reporting), RCH portal (pregnancy and child tracking), IDSP (weekly S, P and L forms), Ni-kshay for TB, ANMOL for ANM data entry, eSanjeevani for teleconsultation, ABHA for the health ID.
- IDSP requires zero reporting in a week with no cases - silence is not a nil report.
Data quality and indicator rules
- Check the five dimensions: completeness, timeliness, accuracy, consistency and validity.
- An indicator is always numerator ÷ denominator × 100, with the denominator drawn from the same population and period.
- Keep monthly figures separate from cumulative figures; a monthly report must not inflate a cumulative indicator.
Worked example
In a month, 400 pregnant women are registered for ANC and 260 of them have completed four or more ANC visits. The indicator is 260/400 × 100 = 65%. If someone instead divides 260 by the 700 total ANC visits recorded (including repeat visits), the answer becomes 37%, which is meaningless - ANC visits are not women.
Traps
- Using total visits as the denominator for a woman-based indicator.
- Double counting a woman who moved in from another block.
- Late or missing monthly submission, which makes the whole facility look like it delivered no services.
- Copying last month's figures forward to avoid a nil entry.