UP Police SI flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Article 32

It is the Right to Constitutional Remedies, allowing a person to move the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of fundamental rights. Dr B. R. Ambedkar called it the heart and soul of the Constitution.

Directive Principles

Guidelines in Part IV, Articles 36 to 51, that direct state policy toward social and economic welfare. They are not enforceable in courts but are fundamental in governance.

Article 352

It empowers the President to proclaim a national emergency on grounds of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion, subject to Cabinet advice and parliamentary approval within one month.

Money Bill

A Bill dealing only with taxation, borrowing, or the Consolidated Fund, defined in Article 110. It can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha and is certified by the Speaker.

Zero FIR

A first information report registered at any police station regardless of territorial jurisdiction, later transferred to the competent station, so that no complaint is refused on jurisdictional grounds.

BNS, BNSS, BSA

The three criminal law codes effective from 1 July 2024 that replaced the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Indian Evidence Act respectively.

प्रत्यय (Pratyay)

वह शब्दांश जो किसी शब्द के अंत में जुड़कर नया शब्द बनाता है, जैसे 'लेखक' में 'क' और 'मानवता' में 'ता'। यह कृत् और तद्धित दो प्रकार का होता है।

समास (Samas)

दो या अधिक शब्दों के मेल से बने संक्षिप्त शब्द को समास कहते हैं, जैसे 'राजपुत्र' में राजा का पुत्र। इसके छह भेद हैं, जिनमें तत्पुरुष और द्वंद्व प्रमुख हैं।

अनुच्छेद 21

यह प्राण और दैहिक स्वतंत्रता का संरक्षण करता है और कहता है कि किसी व्यक्ति को विधि द्वारा स्थापित प्रक्रिया के अनुसार ही जीवन और स्वतंत्रता से वंचित किया जा सकता है।

FIR

First Information Report, the written record of the first information about a cognizable offence given to police, read over to the informant and signed by them under the criminal procedure law.

Article 21A

Inserted by the 86th Amendment in 2002, it makes free and compulsory education a fundamental right for children aged six to fourteen years, implemented through the RTE Act, 2009.

Basic Structure Doctrine

The principle from Kesavananda Bharati (1973) that Parliament cannot amend the Constitution in a way that destroys its essential features, such as secularism or judicial review.

Habeas Corpus

A writ ordering that a detained person be brought before the court so the legality of detention can be examined. It can be sought by the detained person or by anyone on their behalf.

Article 368

It lays down the procedure for amending the Constitution, requiring a special majority in both Houses and, for federal provisions, ratification by at least half the state legislatures.

Simple interest formula

SI = P × R × T / 100, where P is principal, R is annual rate percent, and T is time in years. The total amount is principal plus interest.

Compound interest formula

CI = P[(1 + R/100)^T − 1], where interest is added to principal each period. For two years, the difference between CI and SI equals P(R/100)².

Speed conversion

To convert kilometres per hour to metres per second, multiply by 5/18. To convert metres per second to kilometres per hour, multiply by 18/5, because 1 km/h equals 5/18 m/s.

Combined work formula

If A alone finishes work in x days and B alone in y days, together they finish in xy/(x + y) days, since their one-day work rates add as 1/x plus 1/y.

Average speed equal distances

When equal distances are covered at speeds a and b, the average speed is 2ab/(a + b), the harmonic mean, not the simple arithmetic average of the two speeds.

Successive percentage change

Two successive changes of a percent and b percent produce a net change of a + b + ab/100 percent. A rise then equal fall of 20 percent gives a net fall of 4 percent.

Divisibility by 11

A number is divisible by 11 if the difference between the sum of digits in odd positions and the sum in even positions is zero or a multiple of eleven.

Clock hand angle

The angle between clock hands at H hours and M minutes is |30H − 5.5M| degrees, adjusted to the smaller angle by subtracting from 360 if it exceeds 180.

Ranking total formula

If a person is r-th from the left and s-th from the right in a row, the total number of persons is r + s − 1, because the person is counted twice.

Syllogism universal rule

From 'All A are B' and 'All B are C', the valid conclusion is 'All A are C'. A particular conclusion such as 'Some C are A' also follows, but 'All C are A' does not.

Opposite letter positions

In the English alphabet, letters at positions that sum to 27 are opposites, such as A and Z, or B and Y. Reversing the alphabet maps a letter at position n to 27 minus n.

Cube cutting painted faces

A cube cut into n³ smaller cubes has 8 cubes with three painted faces, 12(n − 2) with two, 6(n − 2)² with one, and (n − 2)³ with none.

Calendar odd days

Odd days are the remainder when total days are divided by seven. A normal year has one odd day, a leap year two, and 100 years five, used to find the day of the week.

Blood relation diagram

Use a square for males, a circle for females, a horizontal line for siblings, and a vertical line for parent-child links. Decode the symbol table before drawing the tree.

Tropic of Cancer in India

It passes through eight Indian states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram, running roughly across the middle of the country.

RBI establishment

The Reserve Bank of India was established on 1 April 1935 under the RBI Act, 1934, and was nationalised in 1949. It is India's central monetary authority.

National symbols of India

The national bird is the Indian peacock, the national animal the Bengal tiger, the national flower the lotus, the national fruit the mango, and the national aquatic animal the Ganges river dolphin.

Preamble amendment

The 42nd Amendment of 1976 added the words socialist, secular and integrity to the Preamble. The Preamble is not enforceable but is used to interpret the Constitution.

Article 143

It gives the Supreme Court advisory jurisdiction, allowing the President to refer questions of law or fact of public importance to the Court for its opinion, which is not binding.