General Hindi and Law/Legal Awareness
General Hindi and law/legal awareness tests language accuracy and basic legal literacy. Hindi questions target संधि, समास, उपसर्ग-प्रत्यय, पर्यायवाची, विलोम, अनेकार्थी, मुहावरे, लोकोक्तियाँ, वाक्य शुद्धि and comprehension. Legal awareness focuses on the Constitution, police powers and duties, FIR and investigation, arrest and search, human rights, and the new criminal-law codes: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), which replace the IPC, CrPC, and Evidence Act.
Core rules
- संधि: join two sounds and name the change; उपसर्ग changes meaning, प्रत्यय changes form or class.
- समास: identify the dominant word and the hidden relation, not just the literal join.
- Legal: a cognizable offence allows police to register an FIR and investigate without a magistrate's prior order; BNSS §173 corresponds to the old CrPC §154.
- An arrest must follow legal procedure and grounds; search and seizure need recorded reasons and witnesses where required.
Worked example
अत्यधिक = अति + अधिक. The final इ of अति combines with अ of अधिक to produce य्, so this is यण संधि. The test is the sound change, not the meaning. In law, if a person reports a cognizable offence, the officer records the information, registers an FIR, and investigates; the informant's delay or civil motive does not by itself make the offence non-cognizable.
Traps
Do not write अतीअधिक as a संधि split; the correct split is अति + अधिक. Do not confuse मुहावरा with लोकोक्ति: a मुहावरा is a phrase used figuratively, while a लोकोक्ति is a complete saying. In law, do not quote IPC section numbers as if they were BNS numbers; IPC 302 is now BNS 103. Do not treat every offence as cognizable or every arrest as automatic.