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Question 1Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read this short passage: 'Sunita leaves home at six every morning. She walks two kilometres to the bus stop because no bus comes to her village. By the time she reaches school, her shoes are often wet with dew.' What is the main reason Sunita walks to the bus stop?
- The school is only two kilometres away
- Her shoes get wet with dew
- She enjoys the morning exercise
- No bus service reaches her village Correct answer.
Explanation
The passage states directly that she walks because 'no bus comes to her village', which is the stated cause of her walking. The other details describe consequences or distances, not her reason for walking.
Question 2Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage says: 'The old librarian kept a register of every book borrowed. When the register was lost in a flood, she began the same record again from memory.' Which word best describes the librarian's action of starting the register again?
- careless
- forgetful
- determined Correct answer.
- angry
Explanation
Rebuilding a lost record from memory shows persistence and resolve, so 'determined' fits the described behaviour. The passage presents the action as purposeful rather than careless or emotional.
Question 3Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In an unseen passage, a writer says: 'The fair had barely opened when the rain began, and by noon the ground was a sea of mud.' Which literary device is used in 'the ground was a sea of mud'?
- Personification
- Metaphor Correct answer.
- Alliteration
- Simile
Explanation
A metaphor states that one thing is another without using 'like' or 'as'; calling the ground 'a sea' does exactly this. A simile would require a comparison word such as 'like a sea'.
Question 4Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'Ravi opened the letter twice before reading it. His hands would not stay still, and he read the first line three times.' What does the description of Ravi's behaviour mainly suggest about him?
- He is bored by the letter
- He cannot read properly
- He has received the wrong letter
- He is nervous about its contents Correct answer.
Explanation
Repeated opening, restless hands and rereading a single line are physical signs of anxiety, so nervousness is the inference the passage supports. Nothing in the text suggests boredom, poor literacy or a wrong delivery.
Question 5Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage states: 'The village well dried up in April. By June, women were walking to the river, three kilometres away.' Which inference is best supported by these two sentences?
- The women preferred river water
- April is the hottest month
- The river is cleaner than the well
- The village faced a water shortage Correct answer.
Explanation
The sequence of a dried well followed by long walks for water supports the inference of a water shortage. The passage gives no evidence about water quality, temperature records or preference.
Question 6Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In a passage, the writer says: 'The shopkeeper's prices were as steady as the monsoon rains are unpredictable.' Why is this comparison unusual?
- It uses no comparison words at all
- It repeats the same word twice
- It compares two things that behave in opposite ways Correct answer.
- It describes the shopkeeper's appearance
Explanation
The comparison is striking because steadiness is contrasted with unpredictability, so the two halves pull in opposite directions. This deliberate mismatch creates an ironic or humorous effect rather than a simple likeness.
Question 7Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'Although the team had practised for months, they lost the final match by a single goal.' Which relationship does the word 'Although' establish between the two parts of the sentence?
- Contrast or concession Correct answer.
- Addition of similar ideas
- Cause and effect
- Sequence in time
Explanation
'Although' introduces a concession, signalling that the second idea contrasts with what the first would lead us to expect. Months of practice would suggest success, but the team lost.
Question 8Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage describes a character: 'Meera never raised her voice, yet when she spoke the whole room fell silent.' What does this contrast mainly reveal about Meera?
- She commands quiet respect Correct answer.
- She is afraid of the others
- She is physically very tall
- She speaks very rarely
Explanation
The contrast between a quiet voice and the room's immediate silence shows that people respect her authority. The effect comes from her presence, not from volume or fear.
Question 9Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read the passage: 'The train was late by two hours. Passengers on the platform grumbled, checked their watches and queued again at the tea stall.' What is the function of the third sentence in this description?
- It changes the setting of the passage
- It introduces a new character
- It shows how people reacted to the delay Correct answer.
- It explains why the train was late
Explanation
The actions of grumbling, checking watches and queuing for tea are concrete illustrations of the passengers' response to the delay. The sentence adds behavioural detail rather than new causes or settings.
Question 10Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In an unseen passage, the phrase 'a deafening silence' appears. What kind of expression is this?
- A factual statement about hearing
- A simile comparing two sounds
- A literal description of loud noise
- An oxymoron joining contradictory ideas Correct answer.
Explanation
An oxymoron places two contradictory words together, and 'deafening silence' does this by pairing extreme noise with complete quiet. The effect emphasises how heavy or tense the silence feels.
Question 11Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage says: 'The scientist recorded every result, even those that spoiled her theory.' Which quality of the scientist is best supported by this sentence?
- Honesty about evidence Correct answer.
- Desire for fame
- Impatience with failure
- Reluctance to experiment
Explanation
Recording results that spoil her own theory shows she values evidence over personal preference, which is honesty about evidence. The sentence gives no hint of impatience, reluctance or ambition.
Question 12Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'The market was crowded; nevertheless, Arun found his way to the bookstall within minutes.' What does 'nevertheless' tell the reader?
- Arun reached the stall despite the crowd Correct answer.
- Arun could not find the stall
- The crowd helped Arun reach the stall
- The bookstall was closed that day
Explanation
'Nevertheless' signals that the second idea happens in spite of the first, so Arun's success contrasts with the crowded conditions. The connector marks contrast, not cause.
Question 13Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage begins: 'Nobody in the town remembered when the clock tower had last worked.' What is the most likely purpose of opening the passage this way?
- To criticise the town's government
- To explain how clocks are repaired
- To describe the town's weather
- To create a sense of mystery about the tower Correct answer.
Explanation
Opening with a forgotten, broken clock tower raises questions about its history and condition, which builds mystery. The sentence is atmospheric rather than technical, political or meteorological.
Question 14Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'She had saved for the bicycle for two years, counting coins into a tin each evening.' Which detail most strongly supports the idea that the bicycle was important to her?
- She counted coins every evening for two years Correct answer.
- She rode the bicycle to work
- She bought a tin
- She liked bicycles
Explanation
Two years of daily coin-counting is concrete evidence of sustained effort, which shows how much the bicycle mattered. The other details are either trivial or not stated in the passage.
Question 15Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage states: 'The river, once wide enough for boats, is now a narrow stream that children can cross on foot.' Which change does the passage describe?
- The river has changed direction
- The boats have become larger
- The river has become shallower and narrower Correct answer.
- The children have learned to swim
Explanation
The contrast between a wide, boat-navigable river and a narrow stream crossed on foot describes shrinking size and depth. The passage reports a change in the river, not in boats, children or its course.
Question 16Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In a passage, a farmer says: 'The rain came late, but it came.' What tone does this remark convey?
- Total indifference
- Cautious relief Correct answer.
- Bitter complaint
- Angry accusation
Explanation
The word 'but' concedes the delay while the repetition of 'it came' emphasises acceptance, giving a tone of cautious relief. The speaker acknowledges the problem without expressing anger or complete unconcern.
Question 17Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'The teacher handed back the papers without a word. Some students smiled; others stared at their desks.' Why does the writer avoid stating the results directly?
- To let the readers infer the results from the reactions Correct answer.
- To show that the teacher was unkind
- To hide the fact that papers were returned
- To describe the classroom furniture
Explanation
By showing contrasting reactions instead of stating marks, the writer invites readers to deduce who succeeded and who did not. This indirect technique is more engaging than a plain report of results.
Question 18Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage says: 'Every year the festival grew larger, and every year the old craftsmen grew fewer.' What does the contrast between these two trends suggest?
- The festival is losing popularity
- The craftsmen dislike festivals
- Traditional skills may disappear as the festival expands Correct answer.
- The festival is held in a different town each year
Explanation
The two trends move in opposite directions: the festival expands while the number of skilled craftsmen falls. This implies that the traditions the festival depends on are at risk even as the event grows.
Question 19Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'He spoke of the village as one speaks of a person long loved and long absent.' What is the effect of this comparison?
- It shows the village is far away
- It proves the speaker dislikes the village
- It describes the village's buildings
- It suggests deep affection mixed with longing Correct answer.
Explanation
Comparing the village to a long-loved, long-absent person conveys both affection and the pain of separation. The comparison works emotionally rather than as a statement of distance or architecture.
Question 20Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage reports: 'The committee approved the plan unanimously, though two members had spoken against it only a week earlier.' What does the word 'though' highlight here?
- The two members were absent
- The plan was approved without discussion
- The committee rarely meets
- The final agreement followed earlier opposition Correct answer.
Explanation
'Though' marks a contrast between earlier opposition and a unanimous final vote, drawing attention to the change in position. The sentence reports a shift, not an absence of discussion.
Question 21Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'The letter lay unopened on the table for three days. On the fourth morning, it was gone.' Which interpretation is best supported?
- The table was cleared by a servant
- The letter contained bad news
- The letter was never delivered
- Someone eventually dealt with the letter Correct answer.
Explanation
The disappearance of the letter after three days of neglect supports the inference that someone finally picked it up or opened it. The passage gives no evidence about its contents or about who removed it.
Question 22Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage says: 'The new road cut the journey to the city from six hours to two, and within a year the young people had begun to leave.' What is the passage mainly suggesting?
- Better transport can speed up migration away from villages Correct answer.
- Young people dislike travelling
- Roads always improve village life
- The city is two hours from every village
Explanation
The passage links a shorter journey time with the departure of young people, implying that easier transport encouraged migration. The connection is presented as a consequence of the road, not a general rule.
Question 23Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read: 'The mango tree in the courtyard was older than the house, older than the lane, older perhaps than the village itself.' What is the effect of repeating 'older'?
- It compares the tree to a person
- It emphasises the tree's great age by widening the comparison Correct answer.
- It corrects a mistake in the passage
- It shows the tree is dying
Explanation
Each repetition widens the comparison from house to lane to village, intensifying the impression of the tree's age. The structure is rhetorical escalation rather than literal measurement.
Question 24Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage describes a shopkeeper who 'weighed the rice twice, then once more, before naming the price'. What does this detail most likely suggest?
- He cannot use the scales
- He is in a hurry
- He is careful and cautious in business Correct answer.
- He dislikes his customers
Explanation
Weighing three times before setting a price indicates caution and care in dealings with customers. The detail points to temperament, not to incompetence, haste or dislike.
Question 25Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In a passage, the writer says: 'The city at night is a different animal.' Why is this expression effective?
- It describes the city's population accurately
- It suggests the city becomes unfamiliar and wild after dark Correct answer.
- It states that animals live in the city
- It compares the city to a building
Explanation
Calling the city 'a different animal' implies that it changes character at night, becoming something unpredictable or unfamiliar. The metaphor conveys atmosphere rather than literal facts about animals.
Question 26Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
An unseen passage opens: 'For thirty years the post office in Rampur had one clerk, one wooden bench and one stamp pad that never dried out.' Which detail chiefly establishes the passage's setting?
- The detail of the stamp pad
- The reference to a single clerk
- The phrase 'for thirty years' Correct answer.
- The mention of a wooden bench
Explanation
Setting is established by the time reference and the homely objects together, but the span 'for thirty years' is what fixes the period and the passage of time in the reader's mind. The other details describe objects within that setting rather than fixing when and how long the scene lasts.
Question 27Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read this sentence from an unseen passage: 'The bus wheezed up the hill, coughed twice at the bend and finally died outside the temple gate.' Which figure of speech is used throughout?
- Personification Correct answer.
- Hyperbole
- Alliteration
- Simile
Explanation
The bus is given human actions - wheezing, coughing, dying - so an inanimate object is described as if it were alive. This is personification, not comparison using 'like' or 'as', which would be a simile.
Question 28Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In an unseen passage, the writer states: 'The library was not a quiet place; it hummed with whispered questions, rustling pages and the scratch of pencils.' What does the word 'hummed' most nearly mean here?
- Was filled with soft, continuous sound Correct answer.
- Sang a tune loudly
- Vibrated with machinery
- Remained completely silent
Explanation
Context clues - 'whispered questions', 'rustling pages' and 'scratch of pencils' - show that 'hummed' describes a low, ongoing murmur of activity. The word is used figuratively to mean filled with soft sound, not literal singing or mechanical vibration.
Question 29Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage reports: 'When the floods came, the villagers moved to higher ground, shared what food they had and rebuilt the embankment together.' Which quality of the villagers does the passage chiefly highlight?
- Curiosity
- Wealth
- Carelessness
- Cooperation Correct answer.
Explanation
Sharing food and rebuilding the embankment together show people acting as a group for the common good. That is cooperation, whereas the other qualities are not supported by the actions listed.
Question 30Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read this line from an unseen passage: 'The old teacher kept every answer sheet he had ever marked, though he never looked at them again.' What does this detail most suggest about the teacher?
- He valued his students' work beyond its practical use Correct answer.
- He planned to publish the papers later
- He distrusted the examination system
- He was too disorganised to throw anything away
Explanation
Keeping something that is never used again implies value beyond usefulness - the papers stand for the students he taught. The passage gives no sign of disorganisation, publication plans or distrust of examinations, so the sentimental reading is the best-supported inference.
Question 31Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage describes a market scene: 'By noon the stalls were stripped bare, the baskets empty and the vendors counting coins under the awning.' What does this description mainly convey?
- The market had just opened for the day
- The vendors had decided to close early
- The market had enjoyed a busy trading day Correct answer.
- The goods had been spoiled by rain
Explanation
Empty stalls and vendors counting money at noon indicate that goods were sold out - evidence of brisk trade. The passage does not mention rain, early closure or an opening hour, so those readings are unsupported.
Question 32Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In an unseen passage, the phrase 'a storm in a teacup' is used to describe a quarrel between two neighbours. What does the phrase mean in this context?
- A quarrel that spread through the whole village
- A great deal of fuss over a small matter Correct answer.
- A serious conflict with lasting consequences
- An argument caused by bad weather
Explanation
The idiom 'a storm in a teacup' refers to an exaggerated reaction to a trivial issue. Since it describes a quarrel between two neighbours, the writer is suggesting the dispute was blown out of proportion.
Question 33Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read this sentence from a passage: 'Ravi had never missed a day of school, but he had never once raised his hand in class.' What does the contrast in the sentence suggest?
- Ravi had changed schools recently
- Ravi was often absent from school
- Ravi was a disobedient student
- Ravi was regular in attendance but reluctant to speak Correct answer.
Explanation
The 'but' signals a contrast between two facts about Ravi: perfect attendance and total silence in class. Together they suggest a shy or reserved student who is dutiful but passive, not absent or disobedient.
Question 34Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage ends with the line: 'The lamp in the window burned all night, as it had every night for twenty years.' What is the most likely purpose of this closing detail?
- To explain how the house was lit
- To introduce a new character
- To suggest patient waiting or hope Correct answer.
- To criticise the waste of oil
Explanation
A lamp kept burning every night for twenty years is a symbolic detail, not a practical one. It suggests someone waiting or keeping hope alive, which is a common use of light imagery in narrative passages.
Question 35Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In an unseen passage the writer says: 'The new bridge was a blessing to the traders, and a wound to the ferrymen.' What does this sentence mainly show?
- That progress benefits some people and harms others Correct answer.
- That the ferrymen were lazy
- That the traders disliked the bridge
- That the bridge was poorly built
Explanation
The parallel structure sets 'blessing' against 'wound', showing that the same change helps traders but injures ferrymen's livelihood. This is a statement about the uneven effects of progress, not about the bridge's quality.
Question 36Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read this passage sentence: 'The village well was never empty, even in the driest summer; the women said it had a heart.' Which interpretation of 'it had a heart' is best supported?
- The well contained a hidden spring of warm water
- The well was built with a stone shaped like a heart
- The well seemed to the villagers to be generous and alive Correct answer.
- The well was the property of a kind landowner
Explanation
The villagers, through the women's saying, attribute a human quality to the well because it never fails them. The phrase is figurative, suggesting generosity and life rather than a literal heart or a landowner.
Question 37Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
An unseen passage states: 'The committee met for three hours, examined every document twice and then postponed its decision for a week.' Which tone does the description most convey?
- Enthusiastic approval
- Patient but cautious deliberation Correct answer.
- Careless indifference
- Angry disagreement
Explanation
Examining documents twice and postponing a decision show careful, unhurried consideration. The tone is therefore cautious rather than enthusiastic, angry or careless, since the committee is taking its task seriously.
Question 38Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
In an unseen passage, the writer remarks: 'Every year the riverbank was built up a little higher, and every year the water came a little closer.' What does the balance of the two clauses most strongly suggest?
- That the villagers' efforts were matched by a growing threat Correct answer.
- That the river had stopped flooding entirely
- That the villagers had abandoned the riverbank
- That the flood defences were completely successful
Explanation
The repeated 'every year' structure sets the villagers' building against the water's advance, showing an even contest in which each gain is matched. This implies a growing threat, not success or abandonment.
Question 39Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
Read these two sentences from a passage: 'The letter was short. It took her an hour to read.' What does the pairing of the sentences chiefly imply?
- She had poor reading skills
- The letter was written in another language
- The letter was written in difficult handwriting
- The letter's contents were emotionally difficult for her Correct answer.
Explanation
A short letter that takes an hour to read suggests she was pausing over it, most likely because the contents affected her deeply. The passage gives no hint about handwriting, literacy or language, so the emotional explanation is the best-supported inference.
Question 40Reading Comprehension (Unseen Passages)
A passage contains the sentence: 'The shopkeeper's smile was a door that opened only when the customer's purse was full.' Which reading of this image is most defensible?
- The shopkeeper treated customers according to their wealth Correct answer.
- The shopkeeper disliked all of his customers equally
- The shopkeeper was too poor to keep his shop open
- The shopkeeper's shop had a door that was often locked
Explanation
The metaphor compares the smile to a door that opens only for a full purse, linking warmth to money. The image therefore suggests that the shopkeeper's friendliness depended on the customer's ability to spend.
Question 41Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
In a formal letter to the editor of a national daily, which salutation is most appropriate when the editor's name is not known?
- Hello friend
- Hi there
- Respected Editor Sir/Madam
- Dear Sir/Madam Correct answer.
Explanation
A formal letter to an unnamed recipient uses the conventional neutral salutation 'Dear Sir/Madam', which suits official correspondence. Informal greetings such as 'Hi there' or 'Hello friend' belong to personal letters, not to a letter to a newspaper editor.
Question 42Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
Which subscription (closing) is correct for a formal letter written to an unknown recipient and beginning 'Dear Sir/Madam'?
- Yours sincerely
- Yours faithfully Correct answer.
- Yours truly friend
- Love
Explanation
The pairing rule is that 'Dear Sir/Madam' is matched with 'Yours faithfully' because the recipient is unnamed. 'Yours sincerely' is reserved for letters that open with the recipient's actual name.
Question 43Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
A notice for the school notice board must announce an inter-house debate. Which opening best suits this purpose?
- I was thinking that maybe we could have a debate sometime.
- Once upon a time there was a debate in our school.
- This is to inform all students that an inter-house debate will be held on 12 August. Correct answer.
- Debates are very interesting activities that people enjoy.
Explanation
A notice opens with a direct, purposeful statement that names the event, the audience and the date, so readers grasp the message at once. Story-style openings or vague personal remarks delay the essential information and are unsuitable for a notice.
Question 44Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
Which element is essential in the heading of a school notice but not in the heading of a personal letter?
- A friendly greeting to the reader
- The word NOTICE with the date of issue Correct answer.
- The writer's home address
- The writer's signature at the top
Explanation
A notice is displayed publicly, so its heading carries the word NOTICE and the date of issue to establish when the information applies. A personal letter instead carries the sender's address and a greeting, which a notice does not need at the top.
Question 45Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
In a report on a school excursion, which sentence uses the correct impersonal report style?
- The group departed at 7 a.m. and reached the museum by 9 a.m. Correct answer.
- I think it was, like, the best trip ever.
- You should have seen how amazing it was!
- We were all super excited and jumped around a lot.
Explanation
Reports are written in a factual, impersonal register that records events and times precisely. Conversational fillers, emotional exaggeration and direct address to the reader belong to informal writing and weaken a report.
Question 46Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
Which sentence is the most suitable topic sentence for a paragraph on the benefits of morning exercise?
- Regular morning exercise improves both physical health and mental alertness. Correct answer.
- My uncle bought new shoes last week.
- Exercise is done in many places.
- Many people wake up early in the morning.
Explanation
A topic sentence states the main idea that the rest of the paragraph will develop, so it must name the subject and make a claim. Sentences that merely state a fact or an unrelated detail give the paragraph no direction.
Question 47Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
Which of these is the correct order of the main parts of a formal letter?
- Sender's address, date, receiver's address, salutation, body, subscription, signature Correct answer.
- Date, body, salutation, sender's address, signature, subscription
- Receiver's address, body, date, salutation, subscription, signature
- Salutation, sender's address, body, date, signature, subscription
Explanation
Formal letters follow a fixed sequence: the sender's address and date come first, then the receiver's address, salutation, body, subscription and signature. Placing the body before the salutation or the date after the body breaks this conventional order.
Question 48Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
A paragraph opens: 'Trees are our best friends.' Which sentence best maintains unity with this topic sentence?
- They give us oxygen, shade and fruit without asking for anything in return. Correct answer.
- Last summer I visited my cousin in another city.
- My favourite subject is mathematics.
- Cricket is a popular game in India.
Explanation
Unity in a paragraph means every sentence supports the controlling idea, so a sentence about the gifts trees give directly develops the claim that trees are our friends. Sentences on unrelated topics break unity even if they are well formed.
Question 49Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
Which sentence best serves as a concluding sentence for a paragraph arguing that school libraries should stay open longer?
- The library has many books on many subjects.
- Some students go to the library after lunch.
- Our librarian is a very kind person.
- For these reasons, extended library hours would clearly benefit every student. Correct answer.
Explanation
A concluding sentence signals closure and restates the paragraph's main point, often with a phrase such as 'For these reasons'. Sentences that add fresh minor details do not round off the argument.
Question 50Writing Skills (Letters, Reports, Paragraphs, Notices)
In a letter of complaint to a shopkeeper about a defective radio, which sentence is most appropriate in tone?
- Please please please do something, I am begging you.
- You cheated me and I will teach you a lesson!
- Whatever you do, I don't care anymore.
- I request you to replace the radio or refund the amount I paid for it. Correct answer.
Explanation
A letter of complaint should be firm yet polite, stating the request clearly and reasonably. Threats, pleading or indifference all damage the writer's case and break the courteous register expected in business correspondence.