First Aid and Emergency Care
Domain 3: First Aid and Emergency Care
This domain tests immediate, safe action at the scene: primary survey, CPR, choking, bleeding, burns, fractures, shock and recovery position. The examiner looks for correct priorities and clear calls for help.
Core rules
- Check scene safety, then response and breathing. In India call 108 for emergency transport; send for an AED if available.
- Adult CPR: compressions 30:2, centre of chest, 5–6 cm deep, 100–120/min, full recoil; use an AED as soon as it arrives.
- Severe bleeding: direct pressure with a clean cloth; do not remove an impaled object.
- Burns: cool with running water for about 20 minutes; remove jewellery; cover loosely; no ice, toothpaste or butter.
- Choking adult: back blows, then abdominal thrusts; if unconscious, start CPR.
- Shock: lie flat, keep warm, raise legs if no spinal injury; nothing by mouth. Place a breathing but unconscious patient in the recovery position.
Worked example
An adult collapses, is unresponsive and not breathing normally. Reasoning: scene safe, call 108 and start CPR immediately; do not spend minutes checking a pulse. Continue until help or an AED arrives.
Traps
Giving water to an unconscious person; applying ice to a burn; checking pupil size instead of breathing; abandoning the patient to search for relatives.