Occupational Health, Safety and Environmental Practices
This domain tests hazard recognition, control measures and environmentally responsible workshop practice.
Hazards
Physical: needle pricks, moving parts, knife cuts, noise. Electrical: damaged cables, wet floors, unearthed machines. Chemical: dyes, mordants, formaldehyde finishes, solvents. Ergonomic: static posture, repetitive strain, poor seating, long standing. Fire: lint, fabric and solvent storage. Dust and fibre inhalation are also risks.
Controls
Fit guards and needle guards; lock out before maintenance; use PPE (goggles, mask, gloves, apron, closed shoes); install local exhaust ventilation for dye and chemical fumes; keep extinguishers, clear exits and drills; maintain a first aid box; train and supervise. Segregate waste - fabric scraps, paper, plastic, chemical and effluent - and apply reduce, reuse, recycle. Treat effluent before discharge.
Worked example
A worker develops a rash after handling dyed fabric. The cause is likely residual dye or chemical contact, not the machine. Controls: gloves and apron, hand washing, ventilation, and checking dye fastness; refer for medical advice if it persists. Blaming the fabric alone does not remove the exposure.
Traps
- Removing a guard to speed up work.
- Wearing a dust mask for solvent vapour; use a respirator with the correct cartridge.
- Pouring dye waste down the drain.
- Ignoring ergonomic risks because they are not visible.
Record incidents and near misses in a register so repeat accidents are prevented.