ICO Advanced case studies
ICO Advanced · Put your knowledge to work in context.
The International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) sits behind a family of international ophthalmology examinations that lead to fellowship-level designations, including FICO – Fellow of the ICO and FRCS (Ophth)(Glasg) – Fellow of the RCPSG. The ICO describes its mission as connecting ophthalmologists around the world to achieve eye health for everyone, and it lists examinations under its "Enhancing Education" workstream alongside fellowships, educational programs, and the World Ophthalmology Congress. The ICO Advanced case studies are 5 cases and about 2,611 words.
1Sudden Vision Loss With Submacular Hemorrhage in a Patient Taking Apixaban
A 74-year-old man presents with 5 days of metamorphopsia in the right eye followed by a sudden dense central scotoma. Best-corrected acuity is 20/200 right and 20/30 left.
549 words, about 3 min2Leukocoria in a 3-Year-Old: What Not to Do
A 3-year-old boy is brought by his mother, who noticed a white pupillary reflex in photographs about 2 months ago; it is now visible in room light. He was born at 38 weeks with no prematurity, no trauma, and no family history of eye disease.
526 words, about 3 min3Acute Angle Closure in a Patient on Multiple Systemic Medications
A 68-year-old hyperopic woman presents with 2 hours of severe right eye pain, nausea, blurred vision and colored halos. Right acuity is 20/200, intraocular pressure 54 mmHg, with diffuse microcystic corneal edema, a mid-dilated fixed pupil and a very shallow anterior chamber; the angle cannot be seen.
525 words, about 3 min4Graves Orbitopathy With Decreasing Vision
A 52-year-old woman with Graves disease treated with methimazole and euthyroid for 3 months reports 8 months of progressive diplopia and decreasing vision in the right eye. She smokes 30 pack-years.
498 words, about 2 min5Central Corneal Ulcer in a Contact Lens Wearer
A 24-year-old student who wears monthly soft contact lenses, including overnight about 3 nights per week, presents with 24 hours of severe right eye pain, photophobia and discharge. Acuity is 20/200 right and 20/20 left.
513 words, about 3 min