Writing and Written Expression: Formal Register and Nیمفاصله
Writing and Written Expression asks you to produce connected formal Persian: a message, letter or email, a summary or paraphrase, and a short opinion text. Scoring weighs task completion, register, grammatical accuracy, spelling in correct Persian letters, punctuation and cohesion.
Formal written norms
- Keep the verb last and mark the object: دیروز برای خرید میوه به بازار رفتم.
- Remove spoken forms: میرم → میروم, یه → یک, رو → را, نمیتونم → نمیتوانم.
- Use نیمفاصله (ZWNJ) at prefix and plural boundaries: میکنم, کتابها, بیاحترامی. Space or ZWNJ, never a full join.
- Persian punctuation: ، ؛ ؟ «» - not the English , ; ? ".
- Write Persian ی and ک, never Arabic ي and ك.
- Connectors carry the argument: بنابراین، در نتیجه، از سوی دیگر، با این حال، به عبارت دیگر.
- Administrative register uses میباشد instead of است; overusing it in an ordinary message reads as parody.
Worked example
Spoken input: «دیروز رفتم بازار یه کم میوه بخرم، گرون بود، نخریدم.» Formal rewrite: «دیروز برای خرید میوه به بازار رفتم؛ اما چون قیمتها بالا بود، چیزی نخریدم.» Reasoning: the purpose phrase برای خرید replaces the bare subjunctive بخرم after a verb of motion; گرون becomes قیمتها بالا بود to hold the register; two paratactic spoken clauses are joined with ؛ اما چون into one written sentence; یه کم is dropped as redundant. Every change is a register or cohesion decision, not a meaning change.
Traps
- Joining می to the verb without ZWNJ, or typing Arabic ي/ك.
- Switching register mid-text between formal and spoken forms.
- Comma splices where a connective is required.
- Misplacing the ezafe in titles: گزارشِ سالانهٔ شرکت.
- Omitting the closing formula: با احترام / با سپاس.