Iran CAO ATPL Theory study plan

Map every instrument in the ATPL syllabus to its operating principle (pressure, gyroscopic, electrical, or magnetic) and draw a one-page schematic of each system

Explain the difference between direct-reading and remote-indicating instruments, and describe failure indications for each pitot-static instrument

Derive the relationship between indicated, calibrated, and true airspeed and solve ten numerical IAS-CAS-TAS-EAS conversion problems

Describe the principles of VOR, DME, and NDB including frequency bands, range, and the errors affecting each

Interpret a basic instrument approach chart in terms of the radio navigation aids it uses

Explain the operation of gyroscopic instruments (attitude indicator, heading indicator, turn coordinator) including rigidity and precession errors

Describe ILS components (localizer, glide path, markers, DME) and their tolerances, and explain how to fly a localizer and glide-path intercept

Solve problems on instrument lag, turning errors, and acceleration errors in the attitude and heading indicators

Describe GNSS architecture, RAIM, and the difference between RNAV and RNP specifications

Calculate a position fix from VOR radials and DME ranges on a chart

Describe the airframe structure, load paths, and the purpose of primary and secondary flight controls

Explain the operation of hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and fuel systems including normal and abnormal indications

Describe piston and turbine engine principles, including the four-stroke cycle, thrust production, and engine limits

Explain the four forces of flight and how lift, drag, thrust, and weight change with angle of attack and airspeed

Derive the lift equation and explain the effect of density altitude on performance

Explain stability (static and dynamic, longitudinal, lateral, directional) and the effect of centre of gravity on stability

Describe stall and spin aerodynamics including the critical angle of attack, stall speed factors, and recovery technique

Explain the effect of flaps, slats, and spoilers on lift and drag

Describe emergency equipment, fire detection and suppression, and oxygen systems

Explain asymmetric flight, rudder forces, and the effect of a failed engine on control

Describe the structure of ICAO Annexes and the applicability of Iranian civil aviation regulations to flight operations

Explain rules of the air: right-of-way, cruising levels, minimum safe heights, and VFR/IFR separation

Describe ATC clearance, readback requirements, and position reporting procedures

Explain operational procedures for normal, abnormal, and emergency situations, including depressurisation and engine failure

Describe the contents and use of the operations manual and the MEL

Explain the structure of the atmosphere and the standard atmosphere, and calculate pressure altitude and density altitude

Describe the formation of clouds, icing, turbulence, and thunderstorms, and the hazards each presents to flight

Interpret METAR, TAF, and significant weather charts and decode a full set of sample reports

Prepare a full flight plan including fuel, alternate, and reserve calculations for a given route

Explain the effect of wind, temperature, and pressure on takeoff and landing performance

Calculate mass, centre of gravity, and load sheet values for a given aircraft loading and verify they are within limits

Explain the effect of loading on performance, stability, and stall speed

Compute takeoff and landing distances from given charts and apply corrections for wind, slope, and temperature

Describe human performance factors: hypoxia, fatigue, stress, and the effect of alcohol and medication on flight safety

Explain the principles of crew resource management and decision-making

Describe VFR and IFR communication procedures, phraseology, and distress and urgency signals

Explain the use and interpretation of standard radiotelephony phraseology in a simulated ATC exchange

Revise all domains using a timed mock examination and identify the three weakest areas

Re-study each weak area with targeted notes and a short self-test

Build a final one-page formula and rule sheet covering all twelve domains