大学入学共通テスト - Independent foundational practice flashcards
大学入学共通テスト - Independent foundational practice · Build recall with a focused review session.
24 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- 指示語
- A demonstrative points to an identifiable expression or situation; verify its referent by substituting the proposed content into the sentence.
- 逆接
- A contrastive connection changes the direction of an argument; identify the opposing claims before translating the connective mechanically.
- 要旨
- The main point combines the writer's central claim with necessary qualifications, while omitting details that do not support that claim.
- 係り結び
- In classical Japanese, certain particles affect the predicate form; identify the particle and its grammatical setting before applying the pattern.
- Completed square
- Rewriting a quadratic as a squared expression plus a constant exposes its vertex and helps determine its allowed extreme values.
- Conditional probability
- This probability uses the outcomes allowed by the stated condition as its sample space rather than every original possible outcome.
- Recurrence
- A recurrence defines later sequence terms from earlier values; evaluate it using the initial condition and the stated index boundaries.
- Definite integral
- A definite integral accumulates a signed quantity over a specified interval; its interpretation depends on the function and the measurement units.
- Author purpose
- An author's purpose is the action the text aims to accomplish, such as requesting, explaining or persuading, rather than its topic alone.
- Inference
- An inference follows from supplied evidence and reasonable connections; it should not add a new event simply because that event is possible.
- Reference
- A pronoun refers to a compatible noun or idea in context; grammar and meaning must both support the proposed connection.
- Qualification
- A qualification limits the strength or scope of a claim; retaining it prevents a summary from becoming more absolute than the original.
- Limiting reactant
- The limiting reactant runs out first relative to the balanced reaction ratios and therefore restricts the theoretical amount of product.
- Terminal voltage
- The voltage across a working battery's terminals can differ from its electromotive force because current also crosses its internal resistance.
- Momentum
- Momentum is mass multiplied by velocity; a system's total momentum can remain constant during an inelastic collision that loses kinetic energy.
- Ribosome
- A ribosome participates in protein synthesis and exists in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, unlike the membrane-bound eukaryotic nucleus.
- Map projection
- A map projection represents a curved surface on a plane and must distort some combination of area, shape, distance or direction.
- Fiscal policy
- Fiscal policy concerns government expenditure and taxation; distinguish these budget decisions from changes in central-bank monetary operations.
- Real GDP
- Real gross domestic product adjusts measured output for price changes so that changes in production can be distinguished from inflation.
- Popular sovereignty
- Popular sovereignty locates the source of political authority in the people, while institutional rules determine how that authority is exercised.
- Character encoding
- A character encoding maps byte sequences to textual characters; interpreting a file using the wrong mapping can produce garbled text.
- Absolute reference
- A spreadsheet reference containing dollar signs fixes the indicated row or column when the formula is copied to another location.
- Sampling bias
- Sampling bias arises when the way respondents are selected makes their responses systematically unrepresentative of the population of interest.
- Stack
- A stack removes its most recently added item first, which supports operations such as reversing the latest action in an editor.