Teacher Qualification Attestation (Kyrgyzstan) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

State educational standard

A normative document setting the mandatory minimum content, maximum study load, and graduate preparation requirements for each level of education in Kyrgyzstan.

Zone of proximal development

Vygotsky's concept describing the gap between what a learner can do alone and what the learner can do with adult or more capable peer support.

Formative assessment

Low-stakes, ongoing assessment used to diagnose understanding and adjust teaching during learning, rather than to assign a final grade.

Summative assessment

Graded assessment at the end of a unit, term, or level that certifies achievement against defined learning outcomes.

SAMR model

A four-level framework for technology integration: substitution, augmentation, modification, redefinition, where the upper levels transform rather than merely digitize the task.

TPACK framework

A model stating that effective technology integration requires the overlap of technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge rather than technological skill alone.

Inclusive education

An approach placing learners with special educational needs in general classrooms with adapted conditions, materials, time, and support rather than defaulting to segregation.

Individualized support plan

A written document stating a learner's current level, adapted goals, accommodations, responsible staff, and a scheduled review date.

Functional literacy

The ability to apply reading, mathematical, and natural-science knowledge to interpret real texts, data, and situations rather than only recall facts.

Cross-curricular links

Connections between a subject topic and other school subjects or real-life contexts, required as part of subject content planning.

Lesson reflection stage

The closing phase in which students state what they learned, what remains unclear, and how the knowledge will be used.

Problem-based learning

A method that begins with a cognitive contradiction or problem students cannot yet solve directly, then organizes guided search for a solution.

Differentiation

Adapting content, process, or product to learner needs while keeping the learning objective constant for the whole class.

Teacher attestation

A periodic legal procedure confirming a teacher's qualification and category, with results affecting the qualification category and pay.

Corporal punishment prohibition

A legal rule forbidding physical punishment and humiliating treatment of students; disciplinary measures must not harm health or dignity.

Piaget's concrete operations

The stage roughly from 7 to 11 years when children reason logically about concrete objects and events but not yet about abstract hypothetical possibilities.

Industry versus inferiority

Erikson's school-age psychosocial task, where sustained competence builds a sense of industry while repeated failure or humiliation builds inferiority.

Behavior function analysis

Identifying whether a behavior serves attention, escape, sensory, or tangible needs, then changing antecedents and teaching a replacement behavior.

Universal design for learning

A planning approach providing multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression so access is built into the lesson from the start.

Digital competence levels

A progression from basic digital literacy through pedagogical ICT use to designing digital learning environments; teachers are mainly assessed pedagogically.

Screen time limits

Sanitary requirements restricting continuous student screen use; teachers plan screen segments with breaks and printed alternatives.

SMART professional goal

A goal formulated as specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound, serving as the anchor of portfolio self-development sections.

Reflective note structure

A written analysis following situation, action taken, result, explanation of the outcome, and planned next action.

Portfolio evidence rule

Each claim in a professional portfolio is paired with a verifiable artifact or measurable student outcome, not only a statement of intent.

Behavior escalation cycle

A sequence from trigger through agitation, acceleration, peak, de-escalation, and recovery; intervention works best before acceleration.

De-escalation rule

Lowering voice, reducing audience, giving space and a choice, because public confrontation at peak intensity increases risk to everyone.

Evacuation accounting

The teacher's duty to know exit routes, carry the class list, and confirm every student at the assembly point during an evacuation.

Bullying bystander work

Prevention that includes reporting channels, supervision of unstructured time, and engaging witnesses, not only punishing the aggressor.

Questioning ladder

A planned sequence from closed recall to explanatory why and how questions, then to evaluative and creative questions.

Lesson objective verbs

Observable action verbs such as define, compare, apply, or design, used instead of vague verbs like know or understand when writing objectives.

Multilingual academic language

Subject-specific vocabulary and syntax distinct from everyday conversational fluency, requiring explicit teaching for content-area success.

Open educational resource license

Terms permitting reuse of a teaching material; the license must be checked and attribution given where required before use.