Cambodia Bac II Social Science flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Angkor Wat
- Temple built by Suryavarman II in the 12th century, originally dedicated to Vishnu and later converted to Theravada Buddhist use; it appears on Cambodia's national flag.
- Jayavarman VII
- Late 12th–early 13th century king who adopted Mahayana Buddhism and built Angkor Thom, the Bayon, and Ta Prohm; the last great builder-king of Angkor.
- Khmer Rouge period
- Period from 17 April 1975 to 7 January 1979 when the Pol Pot regime ruled Cambodia, evacuating cities and causing mass death before Vietnamese forces entered Phnom Penh.
- Paris Peace Agreements
- Signed 23 October 1991, they ended the Cambodian conflict, led to UNTAC administration, and enabled the 1993 elections and the new Constitution.
- Independence 1953
- Cambodia gained independence from France on 9 November 1953 under King Norodom Sihanouk, following the 1863 protectorate treaty signed by King Norodom.
- Funan
- Early Southeast Asian state of the 1st to 6th centuries CE in the Mekong delta region, known for the port of Oc Eo and Indian Ocean trade links.
- Tonle Sap reversal
- In the wet season the Mekong's high water pushes the Tonle Sap river to flow north into the lake, expanding it severalfold; the flow reverses in the dry season.
- Mekong in Cambodia
- The river enters from Laos at Stung Treng, flows south past Phnom Penh, and splits at the Quatre Bras into the Mekong and the Tonle Sap river.
- Phnom Aural
- Cambodia's highest peak at about 1,813 metres, located in the Cardamom Mountains in the southwest of the country.
- Monsoon seasons
- The southwest monsoon from May to October brings the rainy season; the northeast monsoon from November to April brings the dry season.
- Cambodia's borders
- Cambodia borders Thailand to the west and northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east and southeast, with a coastline on the Gulf of Thailand.
- Kampot pepper
- A geographically protected Cambodian spice grown in Kampot province; it is a notable high-value agricultural export alongside rice and rubber.
- Constitutional monarchy
- Under the 1993 Constitution, the King is head of state who reigns but does not govern; executive power rests with the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers.
- Cambodian Parliament
- The bicameral legislature consisting of the National Assembly and the Senate; it makes laws and approves the national budget.
- Constitutional Council
- Body that reviews the constitutionality of laws and settles disputes over election results for the National Assembly and Senate.
- Commune elections
- Direct elections of commune/sangkat councils held every five years; councils manage local development and public services.
- Kataññu
- A Khmer moral virtue meaning gratitude and recognition of benefits received, especially toward parents, teachers, and the country.
- Five Precepts
- Buddhist ethical guidelines for laypeople: refrain from killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, false speech, and intoxicants; used in moral education.
- Opportunity cost
- The value of the best alternative forgone when a choice is made; it exists because resources are scarce and cannot satisfy all wants.
- Law of demand
- Holding other factors constant, quantity demanded rises as price falls and falls as price rises; the demand curve slopes downward.
- Market equilibrium
- The price at which quantity demanded equals quantity supplied; above it a surplus appears, below it a shortage appears.
- Price elasticity of demand
- The percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price; demand is elastic when the absolute value exceeds one.
- Real GDP
- Gross domestic product adjusted for price changes using a price index, showing changes in actual output rather than inflation-driven value.
- Inflation
- A sustained rise in the general price level, commonly measured by the consumer price index; it reduces the purchasing power of money.
- Fiscal versus monetary policy
- Fiscal policy uses government spending and taxation; monetary policy uses money supply and interest rates, controlled by the central bank.
- Comparative advantage
- A country gains from trade by specializing in goods for which its opportunity cost of production is lower than a trading partner's.
- Khmer consonant series
- Khmer consonants belong to the a-series or o-series; the series of the initial consonant determines the vowel sound of an attached vowel sign.
- Coeng (subscript) forms
- Reduced forms of consonants written below or beside the preceding consonant; they suppress the inherent vowel and allow consonant clusters.
- Reamker
- The Khmer version of the Ramayana epic, a central work of Khmer literature performed in masked dance and depicted in temple reliefs.
- Chbap Pros
- Khmer verse codes of moral instruction, traditionally used to teach proper conduct and social duties to young people.
- Khmer word order
- Khmer sentences follow Subject–Verb–Object order; adjectives follow the noun, and classifiers are used when counting nouns.
- Royal language (raja sap)
- Specialized Khmer vocabulary used when speaking of the king and monks, distinct from ordinary speech used for laypeople.