Equipment, Implements and Modalities
Equipment, Implements and Modalities
This domain tests electrical safety, device selection, contraindications, sanitation, and correct application of esthetic modalities.
Core rules
- Inspect cords, plugs, and grounding before use. Keep electrical devices away from water and never touch a client while holding a faulty device.
- Galvanic current uses direct current: desincrustation softens sebum, while iontophoresis drives charged products into skin. Like charges repel.
- High-frequency current uses alternating current and is used for gentle stimulation; avoid clients with pacemakers or metal implants near the treatment area unless cleared.
- Microdermabrasion uses mechanical exfoliation; avoid active acne, rosacea flares, recent resurfacing, and fragile skin.
- LED is non-ablative light therapy; protect eyes and follow the device's wavelength and timing protocol. Clean all contact surfaces between clients.
Worked example
A client wants iontophoresis with a negatively charged hydrating serum. Use the negative electrode as the active electrode so like charges repel the product into the skin. Reasoning: iontophoresis depends on electrostatic repulsion; using the wrong polarity reduces delivery and may irritate.
Traps
- Turning up intensity does not improve results and increases risk.
- Microdermabrasion over active acne can spread inflammation.
- High-frequency or electrical devices may be unsafe with pacemakers.
- Skipping eyewear with LED or light devices risks eye injury.