Engineer Railway Vehicles flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

EN 14363

European standard for running-dynamic type approval of railway vehicles; it defines the test procedures and the limit values for running safety, track loading, and ride comfort on a representative route.

Derailment coefficient Y/Q

Ratio of the lateral wheel force to the vertical wheel force; EN 14363 limits the running average to 0,8 and the single peak to 1,2 to demonstrate running safety.

EN 12663

Standard defining the strength requirements for railway vehicle bodies; it specifies the static and fatigue load cases and the categories F-I, F-II, P-I, and P-II.

One-Stop Shop

The European Union Agency for Railways' digital platform for vehicle authorisation applications; it issues the single EU vehicle authorisation under the 4th Railway Package.

ALARP principle

As Low As Reasonably Practicable; a risk acceptance principle used in railway safety to reduce risks until further reduction is grossly disproportionate to the benefit.

Tolerable hazard rate

The maximum acceptable frequency of a hazardous event; it is apportioned to subsystems and verified against the calculated failure rates in the safety case.

EN 50128

European standard for software for railway control and protection systems; it assigns software SIL 0–4 and specifies the techniques, independence, and verification requirements.

EN 50129

European standard for safety-related electronic systems in railway applications; it defines the safety case structure, the SIL 1–4, and the evidence required for acceptance.

Beta factor

The fraction of failures of a redundant system that are common-cause failures; used in common-cause failure analysis and typically 1–10% for diverse systems.

EN 50159

European standard for safety-related communication in transmission systems; it defines the requirements for open and closed networks, including cryptographic protection for open networks.

CSM-RA

Common Safety Method for Risk Assessment (EU Regulation 402/2013); it defines the risk management process for significant changes to the railway system.

Safety management system

The documented system of an railway operator or infrastructure manager for managing safety; it is defined in EU Regulation 2018/762 and covers risk assessment, monitoring, and change management.

Common Safety Indicators

The set of indicators defined in EU Regulation 2018/761 for reporting railway safety performance, including accidents, fatalities, serious injuries, and precursors.

EN 50701

European standard defining cybersecurity requirements for railway applications; it covers the security assurance level and the security requirements for the system.

NIS2 Directive

EU Directive 2022/2555 on cybersecurity; it classifies the rail sector as an essential entity and requires a security management system, incident handling, and supply chain security.

ISO/TS 22163

The IRIS rail-sector quality management standard, based on ISO 9001 with additional rail-specific requirements; certification is issued by accredited certification bodies under the IRIS scheme.

IRIS maturity model

A five-level model used in IRIS audits: level 1 ad hoc, level 2 managed, level 3 defined, level 4 quantitatively managed, and level 5 optimizing.

First article inspection

A mandatory IRIS process verifying that the first production unit conforms to the design; the result is documented in the FAI report and approved before serial production.

IRIS audit cycle

The three-year certification cycle with annual surveillance audits and a recertification audit in the third year; the certificate lists the scope and the maturity level.

IRIS silver and gold

Recognition levels awarded in the IRIS scheme based on the maturity level achieved; silver requires a minimum maturity level of 3 and gold requires 4.

Inspection and test plan

A document defining the inspection activities, the acceptance criteria, and the hold points; it is agreed with the customer and the supervising engineer before production.

Hold point

A point in the inspection and test plan where work cannot proceed until the supervising engineer has witnessed and signed off the activity.

Non-conformance report

A record of a deviation from the specification; it documents the root cause, the disposition (rework, repair, use-as-is, or scrap), and the verification of the corrective action.

Factory acceptance test

A test conducted at the manufacturer's site to verify that the vehicle or system conforms to the specification before delivery to the operator.

Entity in charge of maintenance

The organisation certified under EU Regulation 2019/779 responsible for the maintenance management system and the maintenance history of a vehicle.

Depreciated replacement cost

An asset valuation method for rolling stock based on the replacement cost minus depreciation; the valuation must state the remaining useful life and the condition grade.

EN 61373

European standard defining shock and vibration testing for railway equipment; the test severity depends on the mounting location (body, bogie, or axle).

EN 45545-2

European standard defining fire safety requirements for materials used in railway vehicles; the hazard level (HL1–HL3) depends on the vehicle category and the operation.

GAMAB criterion

Globalement Au Moins Aussi Bon; a risk acceptance principle requiring that a new system be at least as safe as the existing system it replaces.

Independent safety assessment

An assessment of the safety case by an assessor independent of the design and the project team; it is required for SIL 3/4 systems under EN 50129.

National investigation body

An independent body established under EU Directive 2004/49/EC to investigate serious railway accidents; it is independent of the safety authority and the operator.

Obsolescence management

An IRIS requirement to identify and manage the risk of components becoming unavailable; it covers the lifecycle monitoring and the mitigation plan for critical parts.