KS Cosmetology flashcards
KS Cosmetology · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Disinfection
- A process that destroys most pathogenic organisms on hard, nonporous implements using an EPA-registered product at the label's specified concentration and contact time.
- Sterilization
- The complete destruction of all microbial life, including bacterial spores, required for implements that penetrate or cut the skin.
- Single-use implement
- A porous or disposable item such as a nail file, orangewood stick, or razor blade that must be discarded after one client and never disinfected for reuse.
- Blood spill protocol
- Gloves on, absorb spill with a disposable towel, clean with soap and water, then disinfect with an EPA-registered tuberculocidal product labeled for bloodborne pathogens.
- Hair porosity
- The ability of the hair to absorb and retain moisture; low porosity resists moisture and high porosity absorbs quickly but loses it and damages easily.
- Elasticity test
- A wet strand is stretched; healthy hair extends about 50 percent and returns, while hair that snaps has poor elasticity and should not be chemically relaxed.
- Tinea capitis
- A contagious fungal infection of the scalp that causes scaling and hair loss; it is a contraindication to service and requires medical referral.
- Seborrheic dermatitis
- An inflammatory scalp condition with oily yellowish scales and redness; treated with medicated shampoos containing zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole, or salicylic acid.
- Guideline
- The first strand cut in a section that sets the length and elevation for all remaining strands in that section.
- Elevation angle
- The angle at which hair is held from the head; 0 degrees gives one length, 45 gives graduation, 90 gives uniform layers, and 180 gives long layers.
- Slide cutting
- A texturizing technique in which shears slide down the hair shaft to soften weight and blend ends without changing the overall length.
- Razor cutting
- Cutting with a razor to create soft, tapered ends; it works best on medium to coarse textured hair and is avoided on fine or highly porous hair.
- Law of color
- Primary colors are red, yellow, and blue; mixing two primaries makes a secondary; complementary colors sit opposite and neutralize each other.
- Level system
- A scale from 1 (black) to 10 (lightest blonde) that describes the lightness or darkness of a hair color independent of its tone.
- Developer volume
- Hydrogen peroxide strength: 10 volume deposits only, 20 volume lifts one to two levels, 30 volume lifts two to three, and 40 volume lifts three to four.
- Demi-permanent color
- A deposit-only color mixed with a low-volume developer and no ammonia; it fades over four to six weeks and cannot lighten natural pigment.
- Stages of lightening
- The sequence of pigment removal during bleaching: red, red-orange, orange, yellow-orange, yellow, pale yellow, and pale yellow-white.
- Patch test
- A small application of oxidative color product on the skin 24 to 48 hours before service to detect an allergic reaction.
- Neutralizer
- A product such as hydrogen peroxide or sodium bromate that rebuilds the disulfide bonds after a permanent wave and stops the reducing action.
- Alkaline wave
- A permanent wave using ammonium thioglycolate at pH 9.0 to 9.6 that processes without added heat and is suited to resistant hair.
- Relaxer retouch
- Application of relaxer only to new growth, avoiding overlap onto previously relaxed hair to prevent breakage and scalp burns.
- No-lye relaxer
- A guanidine hydroxide relaxer at pH 12 to 13 that is gentler on the scalp but more drying to the hair than sodium hydroxide.
- Thermal protection
- Products applied before heat styling that form a film, slow heat transfer, and reduce moisture loss from the hair shaft.
- Ridge curl
- A flat pin curl with a closed center used at the hairline; the stem direction determines the direction of the resulting wave.
- Finger wave
- A style built with alternating ridges and hollows of uniform depth; the stem controls wave direction and the ridge is the high point.
- Nail matrix
- The area at the base of the nail that produces new nail cells; damage to the matrix permanently affects the shape of the nail plate.
- Eponychium
- The living skin at the base of the nail plate that seals the nail unit; it is often mistakenly called the cuticle and should not be cut.
- Onychomycosis
- A fungal infection of the nail that causes thickening and discoloration; it is a contraindication to service and requires medical referral.
- Fitzpatrick scale
- A six-type classification of skin based on sun sensitivity; type I burns easily and type VI rarely burns, guiding treatment intensity.
- Anagen phase
- The active growth phase of the hair cycle lasting two to six years, during which the follicle produces new hair.
- Eumelanin
- The brown-black pigment produced by melanocytes that, along with red-yellow pheomelanin, determines natural hair color.
- Disulfide bond
- The strongest chemical bond in hair, joining sulfur atoms in the cortex; it is broken by perms and relaxers and rebuilt by the neutralizer.