KY Driving Instructor flashcards
KY Driving Instructor · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- KRS Chapter 189
- Kentucky statutes governing traffic regulations, vehicle equipment, and rules of the road, including speed limits, DUI, and collision reporting requirements.
- DUI per se BAC
- 0.08 for drivers 21+, 0.02 for drivers under 21, and 0.04 for commercial vehicle operators under KRS 189A.010.
- Kentucky point system
- Moving convictions add points to a driving record; 12 or more points within two years triggers license suspension under KRS 186.570.
- Minimum liability insurance
- Kentucky requires 25/50/10,000 coverage for bodily injury per person, per crash, and property damage; proof must be carried in the vehicle.
- Three-second rule
- Maintain at least a three-second gap behind the vehicle ahead in ideal conditions; add a second or more for rain, darkness, or heavy traffic.
- Total stopping distance
- The sum of perception distance, reaction distance, and braking distance; braking distance increases with the square of speed.
- Space cushion
- A safety margin of at least two seconds on each side and avoidance of other drivers' blind spots to allow escape routes.
- Hydroplaning threshold
- Occurs when speed exceeds roughly 35 mph on wet pavement with standing water; ease off the accelerator and avoid hard braking.
- SEE defensive driving
- Search, Evaluate, Execute: scan 12-15 seconds ahead in the city and 20-30 seconds on the highway, then act.
- Octagon sign
- A red octagon always means STOP; come to a complete stop behind the limit line or crosswalk before proceeding.
- Diamond sign
- A yellow diamond indicates a warning such as curves, intersections, or pedestrian crossings ahead; slow down and scan.
- Flashing red signal
- Treat like a stop sign: stop completely, yield to cross traffic, and proceed only when the way is clear.
- Double solid yellow line
- Marks a no-passing zone in both directions; crossing is permitted only to turn into or out of a driveway or side road.
- Orange work zone signs
- Orange signs and markings indicate construction or maintenance zones; fines are doubled when workers are present.
- Railroad crossbuck
- An X-shaped white sign marking a railroad crossing; yield to trains, and never stop on the tracks.
- Gagné nine events
- An instructional sequence: gain attention, state objectives, recall prior knowledge, present content, guide learning, elicit performance, give feedback, assess, enhance retention.
- Guided practice ratio
- Novices need supervised repetition across varied conditions - day, night, rain, highway - before solo driving, logged to meet GDL hours.
- Commentary driving
- The learner narrates hazards and decisions aloud so the instructor can observe scanning and judgment in real time.
- Task analysis
- Breaking a maneuver such as parallel parking into observable steps so performance can be scored objectively against a checklist.
- SMART objective
- A lesson objective that is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound, stated as an observable driving behavior.
- Lesson plan components
- Objective, materials, prior knowledge check, instruction, guided practice, independent practice, assessment, and closure for each lesson.
- Kentucky course hours
- State-approved driver education requires at least 30 classroom hours plus 6 hours behind the wheel and 6 hours of observation.
- Formative vs summative
- Formative assessment occurs during lessons via checklists and observation; summative assessment occurs at the end via a skills or road test.
- Pre-trip inspection
- Check tires, lights, brakes, fluids, mirrors, seat belts, and dashboard warning lights before every instructional drive.
- Brake failure response
- Pump the pedal, downshift, apply the parking brake gradually, and steer to a safe runoff area while warning others.
- Skid recovery
- Look and steer where you want to go, ease off the accelerator, and for rear-wheel skids steer into the skid; avoid hard braking.
- Tire blowout response
- Grip the wheel firmly, ease off the accelerator, avoid hard braking, and steer straight until speed drops before pulling over.
- Child restraint rule
- Kentucky requires approved child restraints for children under 8 and under 57 inches tall; all occupants must be belted.
- Permit stage age
- A learner must be at least 16, pass written and vision tests, and hold the permit at least 180 days before the road skills test.
- Supervised driving hours
- GDL requires 60 hours of supervised practice including 10 hours at night, certified by a parent or guardian.
- Intermediate passenger limit
- Intermediate license holders may carry no more than one unrelated passenger under 21 unless a licensed adult 21+ is present.
- Instructor confidentiality
- Student records, driving records, and test scores are released only with written consent or as required by law.