Kazakhstan State Auditor Certification flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Supreme Audit Institution of Kazakhstan

The Accounts Committee for Control over Execution of the Republican Budget, accountable to the President and reporting to Parliament, which conducts external state audit of the republican budget.

External state audit

Audit performed by the Accounts Committee and regional audit commissions, independent of the audited executive bodies, covering legality, efficiency, and use of budget funds and state assets.

Internal state audit

Control activity carried out by the authorized body for internal state audit and its territorial units, evaluating internal control and risk management within state bodies.

Binding instruction (predpisanie)

A mandatory order issued by a state audit body to the audited entity requiring elimination of violations and implementation of measures within a stated deadline.

Budget cycle stages

The statutory sequence of drafting, reviewing and approving, executing, accounting and reporting, external auditing, and evaluating results of the budget.

Budget program performance indicators

Direct results, final results, and quality indicators attached to each budget program, used to judge whether spending produced the intended outcome.

Treasury single account

A consolidated account through which budget revenues and expenditures flow, enabling cash planning and giving auditors a complete transaction trail.

Intergovernmental transfers

Transfers, subventions, and budget loans that move funds between budget levels to balance revenue capacity and finance delegated expenditure.

Compliance audit

State audit assessing whether the audited entity followed laws, budget legislation, and contract terms, producing findings on illegality or misuse of funds.

Efficiency audit

State audit assessing economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of budget spending against criteria derived from law, plans, and best practice.

Four-element finding

A finding stated as condition (what is), criteria (what should be), cause (why it happened), and effect (the consequence in tenge or public interest).

Audit program

A planning document listing audit objectives, questions, procedures, sampling approach, responsible persons, and timeline for the engagement.

Audit risk model

Audit risk equals inherent risk times control risk times detection risk; the auditor lowers detection risk by expanding substantive testing.

Materiality in state audit

A threshold combining quantitative amount and qualitative public-interest factors, above which a misstatement or violation affects the audit conclusion.

Inherent risk drivers

Factors such as program complexity, fund volume, violation history, legal changes, and procurement intensity that raise the likelihood of error or violation.

Audit strategy

The planning document setting the object, objectives, scope, resources, timeline, and overall approach before detailed audit procedures are designed.

Sufficient appropriate evidence

Evidence that is enough in quantity (sufficient) and relevant and reliable in quality (appropriate) to support the audit conclusion.

Statistical sampling

Selection of sampling units by probability methods, such as random or systematic with a random start, allowing projection of results to the population.

Analytical procedures

Techniques comparing financial data with prior periods, budgets, ratios, or comparable entities to identify significant unexplained fluctuations requiring investigation.

Sampling risk

The risk that a conclusion based on a sample differs from the conclusion that would be reached by testing the entire population.

Audit report structure

A document containing summary, scope and objectives, criteria, findings, conclusions, and recommendations with responsible persons and deadlines.

Recommendation follow-up

Verification, after the deadline, that the audited entity implemented recommendations, confirmed by documentary evidence rather than by the entity's statement.

Quantified effect of violation

The monetary amount of unjustified spending, lost revenue, or inefficient use, stated in tenge with the calculation method disclosed in the report.

Public procurement methods

Open tender, auction, request for quotations, electronic shop, and single-source procurement, chosen according to subject and statutory thresholds.

State asset register

The record of state-owned property and rights, used by auditors to test completeness and legality of disposal, transfer, and privatization.

Affiliation in procurement

A relationship between a procurement commission member and a bidder that creates a conflict of interest and is a frequent corruption-related audit finding.

Internal control components

Control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring, forming the framework auditors use to assess controls.

Segregation of duties

A control activity separating authorization, custody, recording, and reconciliation so that no single person can both commit and conceal an error or fraud.

Internal audit service

A unit within a state body that independently evaluates internal control, risk management, and governance and reports to the head of the body.

Auditor independence

Freedom from organizational and personal influence, including no financial interest and no close relative in the audited entity's management.

Conflict of interest declaration

A required disclosure of personal, family, or financial ties to the audited entity, leading to recusal of the auditor from the engagement.

CAAT in state audit

Computer-assisted audit techniques such as data extraction, matching, duplicate detection, and trend testing applied to treasury and procurement datasets.