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Instrument Rating IR(A) study materials
Instrument Rating IR(A) study resources

Instrument Rating IR(A) practice questions

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Question 1Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An applicant holds a PPL(A) and applies for a multi-engine instrument rating. Which medical certificate standard must be held?

  1. Class 2 with a hearing endorsement
  2. Class 1 medical certificate Correct answer.
  3. Class 2 medical certificate
  4. Any valid medical certificate issued by a non-EU state

Explanation

Holders of an instrument rating must hold at least a Class 1 medical certificate; the privileges of the IR are not exercisable on a Class 2 alone. This applies irrespective of whether the underlying licence is a PPL or a CPL.

Question 2Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which theoretical knowledge subjects are added when a holder of a valid ATPL(A) theoretical knowledge certificate applies for an IR?

  1. No further theoretical examination is required Correct answer.
  2. The full fourteen IR theoretical subjects
  3. Air law and human performance only
  4. Instrumentation and flight planning only

Explanation

An ATPL theoretical knowledge certificate already covers the IR syllabus, so no additional theoretical examination is required. Only the practical training and the IR skill test remain to be completed.

Question 3Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A pilot holds a single-engine piston IR on a PPL(A). What is the validity period of the rating before revalidation or renewal action is needed?

  1. 6 months
  2. 12 months Correct answer.
  3. 24 months
  4. 36 months

Explanation

Instrument ratings are valid for one year from the date of issue, revalidation or renewal. The pilot must complete the required recency and, where applicable, a proficiency check within that period.

Question 4Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

For revalidation of a single-pilot aeroplane IR in Sri Lanka, which option satisfies the requirement within the three months before expiry?

  1. A minimum of 10 hours of night flying
  2. A Class 2 medical renewal only
  3. Passing the prescribed IR proficiency check with an examiner Correct answer.
  4. A pass in the ATPL theoretical examination

Explanation

Under Sri Lankan IS 72, FCL.625 requires annual IR revalidation within the three months before expiry, and FCL.625.A prescribes the proficiency check. Recurrent training and instrument experience do not provide an alternative revalidation route for an ordinary aeroplane IR.

Question 5Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An IR has lapsed for eight months. Which statement describes the renewal requirements correctly?

  1. A full initial IR course at an ATO must always be repeated
  2. A proficiency check with an examiner is required, and refresher training may be required by the competent authority Correct answer.
  3. Only a new Class 1 medical is required
  4. The rating is automatically restored on payment of the fee

Explanation

Renewal after lapsed validity requires at least an IR proficiency check; the competent authority may also require refresher training at an ATO depending on how long the rating has lapsed. A full initial course is not automatically mandated.

Question 6Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

What is the purpose of the IR proficiency check conducted by an examiner?

  1. To test the pilot's knowledge of the aircraft type certificate
  2. To confirm the pilot's English language proficiency level
  3. To demonstrate that the pilot can operate under IFR to the required standard, including abnormal and emergency procedures Correct answer.
  4. To verify the pilot's logbook arithmetic

Explanation

The proficiency check samples the pilot's instrument flying, departure, arrival, approach and missed approach handling, plus abnormal and emergency situations. Logbook arithmetic, type certificate detail and language endorsement are handled by other processes.

Question 7Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which instrument approach must be demonstrated during an IR skill test in a multi-engine aeroplane to satisfy the Part-FCL requirement?

  1. Only a circling approach in VMC by day
  2. Only an ILS approach with the flight director off
  3. An approach to a decision height using precision guidance, and a non-precision approach Correct answer.
  4. Only a visual circuit

Explanation

The skill test requires at least one precision approach and one non-precision approach, flown to the applicable minima. The test also includes a missed approach and, for multi-engine aircraft, an asymmetric approach and go-around.

Question 8Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A pilot holds an IR on a single-pilot single-engine aeroplane and wishes to add a multi-engine aeroplane class rating to the IR. What is required?

  1. Only a difference training course signed by an instructor
  2. Nothing, because the IR is already held
  3. A written examination in aircraft performance
  4. A skill test in the multi-engine aeroplane covering the IR manoeuvres Correct answer.

Explanation

Extending the IR to a new class or type requires a skill test in that aircraft demonstrating the instrument manoeuvres, including asymmetric handling where applicable. Difference training alone is insufficient for a new class rating.

Question 9Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

For a multi-pilot aeroplane type rating combined with an IR, which element is normally performed in the operator's or training provider's full flight simulator?

  1. The issue of the cabin crew attestation
  2. The asymmetric and emergency phases of the type-specific IR training and check Correct answer.
  3. The English language assessment
  4. The initial medical examination

Explanation

Simulator sessions are used for asymmetric handling, system failures and emergency procedures that are unsafe or impractical to fly in the aircraft. Licensing medicals, language assessment and cabin crew matters are unrelated to the simulator phase.

Question 10Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which recent instrument experience is required to exercise the privileges of an IR on a single-pilot aeroplane?

  1. One instrument approach every 90 days only
  2. Ten hours of dual instruction every month
  3. At least three instrument approaches and the prescribed instrument flight time within the preceding period, together with a current proficiency check or recurrent training Correct answer.
  4. No recency requirement once the rating is issued

Explanation

Recency for single-pilot IR operations requires a minimum number of instrument approaches, normally three, plus the prescribed instrument flight time within the preceding period, and a valid revalidation route. Dual instruction monthly and a single approach every 90 days do not match the rule.

Question 11Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

What is the role of the examiner in the standardisation system for IR tests?

  1. To issue the pilot's medical certificate
  2. To design the national aviation regulations
  3. To apply the same licensing standards consistently, following examiner guidance and standardised assessment criteria Correct answer.
  4. To certify the aircraft's maintenance programme

Explanation

Examiners are standardised so that identical standards are applied to every candidate, using published examiner guidance and assessment criteria. Regulation drafting, medical certification and maintenance approval belong to other functions.

Question 12Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An examiner is conducting an IR skill test and the candidate fails to maintain altitude within the tolerances on two consecutive manoeuvres. What is the correct action?

  1. Ignore the deviation because the test is only a sample
  2. Pass the candidate if the weather was turbulent
  3. Terminate the flight immediately and confiscate the licence
  4. Record the deviation and, if the standard is not met overall, fail the test item and inform the candidate of the appeal and retest process Correct answer.

Explanation

The examiner records deviations against the published tolerances and determines whether the required standard has been met overall. The candidate must be debriefed and informed of the retest and appeal procedures; examiners cannot confiscate licences.

Question 13Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which English language proficiency level must be endorsed for a pilot to exercise IR privileges internationally?

  1. No language endorsement is needed
  2. At least Level 4 on the ICAO scale Correct answer.
  3. Level 6 is mandatory for every IR holder
  4. Level 2 on the ICAO scale

Explanation

ICAO requires at least Level 4 (operational) language proficiency for international operations, and the endorsement is recorded on the licence. Level 6 is the expert level and is not mandatory.

Question 14Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

How long is an IR proficiency check result valid for the purpose of revalidation?

  1. It is valid for 24 months
  2. It is used to revalidate the rating for a further 12 months from the date of the check Correct answer.
  3. It is valid indefinitely
  4. It is valid for 6 months

Explanation

A successful proficiency check revalidates the instrument rating for a further 12 months from the date of the check. The check must be completed within the validity period of the existing rating to count as revalidation.

Question 15Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A candidate for an IR holds a CPL(A) with a valid multi-engine piston class rating. Which additional requirement applies before the IR skill test?

  1. Completion of the approved IR training course at an ATO and a certificate of readiness Correct answer.
  2. An ATPL licence issue
  3. A type rating for every aircraft in the class
  4. A minimum of 1,500 hours total flight time

Explanation

The candidate must complete an approved IR training course and be recommended for the test by the training organisation. The 1,500-hour total is an ATPL issue requirement, and a class rating already covers the aircraft in question.

Question 16Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which statement about the privileges of an IR on a PPL(A) is correct?

  1. The pilot may exercise the privileges of a CPL
  2. The pilot may fly under IFR but may not receive remuneration for the flight Correct answer.
  3. The pilot may act as pilot-in-command of a commercial air transport flight
  4. The pilot may instruct instrument flying without an instructor rating

Explanation

Adding an IR to a PPL extends the privileges to IFR flight but does not confer commercial privileges or instructional authority. Commercial air transport and instruction require separate licences and ratings.

Question 17Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An examiner plans an IR skill test in a multi-engine aeroplane. Which asymmetric element must be included?

  1. A single-engine circuit in VMC only
  2. An approach and go-around with one engine simulated inoperative Correct answer.
  3. A rejected take-off above V1
  4. A full-stop landing with both engines at idle

Explanation

For multi-engine aeroplanes the IR skill test must include an asymmetric approach and go-around, normally in the simulator or with a simulated engine failure. A rejected take-off above V1 is not a normal test item and would be unsafe.

Question 18Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

What is the principal difference between a skill test and a proficiency check in the IR context?

  1. A skill test is taken for initial issue of the rating, while a proficiency check is taken for revalidation or renewal Correct answer.
  2. A proficiency check is conducted only by the competent authority
  3. A skill test is always flown in an aircraft and a proficiency check always in a simulator
  4. A skill test does not require an examiner

Explanation

The skill test is the initial qualification event for the issue of the rating, whereas the proficiency check is used to revalidate or renew an existing rating. Both are normally conducted by an examiner and may use an aircraft or an approved simulator.

Question 19Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which document must the examiner verify before starting an IR skill test?

  1. The candidate's school leaving certificate
  2. The candidate's licence, medical certificate, training records and identification Correct answer.
  3. The aircraft's maintenance invoices
  4. The examiner's own logbook only

Explanation

Before the test the examiner verifies that the candidate holds the required licence, medical certificate, completed training records and valid identification. Aircraft commercial documents and unrelated personal certificates are not part of this verification.

Question 20Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A pilot's IR is valid, but the last proficiency check was completed in a single-engine aeroplane while the pilot now flies a multi-engine aeroplane. What is the licensing position?

  1. The check automatically extends to all aeroplane classes
  2. The pilot may exercise the privileges provided a safety pilot is carried
  3. The pilot may exercise the privileges if the flight is conducted by day only
  4. The check covers only the aircraft for which it was conducted; the pilot cannot exercise multi-engine IR privileges until a check in that class is completed Correct answer.

Explanation

Proficiency checks are aircraft-specific and only validate the IR for the class or type in which the check was flown. A safety pilot or day-only limitation does not substitute for a check in the multi-engine class.

Question 21Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which requirement applies to a candidate who has failed an IR skill test and wishes to retake it?

  1. Additional training may be required by the competent authority, and the retest must be conducted in accordance with the applicable rules Correct answer.
  2. The candidate may retake the test immediately with no further training
  3. The candidate must obtain a new medical certificate before every retest
  4. The candidate must wait five years before a retest

Explanation

After a failed skill test the competent authority may require additional training before a retest, and the retest follows the published licensing rules. There is no five-year bar, and further training is typically a condition of retesting.

Question 22Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

What is the examiner's obligation regarding the recording of an IR skill test result?

  1. Complete the required test report and submit it to the competent authority within the prescribed period Correct answer.
  2. Report the result only verbally to the candidate
  3. Send the result directly to ICAO
  4. Retain the result indefinitely without notifying anyone

Explanation

The examiner must complete the prescribed test report and submit it to the competent authority within the required time so that the licence can be endorsed. Verbal notification or direct reporting to ICAO does not satisfy this obligation.

Question 23Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which statement about the use of an approved full flight simulator for an IR proficiency check is correct?

  1. The simulator must be qualified to the appropriate level and approved for the manoeuvres to be credited Correct answer.
  2. Any flight training device may be used without qualification
  3. Simulator time never counts towards IR revalidation
  4. Only the competent authority may use a simulator for checks

Explanation

Simulator credits depend on the device being qualified to the required level and approved for the specific manoeuvres, which are then defined in the applicable rules. Unqualified devices cannot be credited, and examiners routinely use approved simulators.

Question 24Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which of the following is a valid way to revalidate an IR on a single-pilot aeroplane in Sri Lanka without taking a proficiency check with an examiner?

  1. Holding a valid type rating for the aircraft
  2. No such alternative is provided; the prescribed IR proficiency check with an examiner is required Correct answer.
  3. Logging 100 hours of cross-country flying under VFR
  4. Completing a biennial flight review in VMC

Explanation

For an ordinary aeroplane IR, Sri Lankan IS 72 FCL.625 and FCL.625.A require the prescribed proficiency check for revalidation. Recurrent training with an instructor and instrument experience do not substitute for that check. Holding a type rating, accumulating VFR hours or completing a VMC review also does not satisfy this requirement.

Question 25Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

What does the examiner assess when a candidate deviates from the cleared approach procedure during the IR skill test?

  1. Whether the deviation reflects a failure to apply standard operating procedures and instrument cross-check to the required standard Correct answer.
  2. Whether the candidate has logged enough night hours
  3. Whether the candidate's licence fee has been paid
  4. Whether the aircraft is insured for the flight

Explanation

The examiner assesses the candidate's ability to apply SOPs, instrument cross-check and ATC clearance compliance, and records any deviation against the test standard. Administrative and insurance matters are not part of the assessment.

Question 26Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Under Part-FCL, what is the minimum age at which an applicant may first be issued an instrument rating for aeroplanes?

  1. 17 years Correct answer.
  2. 16 years
  3. 21 years
  4. 18 years

Explanation

FCL.610 permits an IR applicant to hold a PPL, for which FCL.200 sets a minimum issue age of 17. An applicant can therefore first receive an IR(A) at 17, provided the separate experience, training and testing requirements are fulfilled. A professional licence is not required.

Question 27Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which medical certificate standard must an IR holder meet to exercise the privileges of the rating on a single-pilot aeroplane?

  1. Class 1 medical certificate Correct answer.
  2. Class 2 medical certificate
  3. Class 3 medical certificate
  4. No medical certificate is required for instrument flight

Explanation

Exercising IR privileges requires at least a valid Class 1 medical certificate appropriate to the licence held, because instrument flight in IMC demands the higher fitness standard. A Class 2 certificate supports only private VFR-type privileges.

Question 28Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An applicant holds a PPL(A) with a night rating and applies for an IR. Which theoretical knowledge requirement applies to the IR issue?

  1. A written examination limited to meteorology only
  2. Only a short oral examination by the examiner during the skill test
  3. No theoretical knowledge examination is required because the PPL already includes one
  4. Successful completion of the IR theoretical knowledge examination in the relevant subjects Correct answer.

Explanation

Issue of an IR requires passing the IR theoretical knowledge examination covering the prescribed subjects, regardless of the prior PPL examination. The PPL examination does not cover the instrument subjects at the required depth.

Question 29Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

What is the validity period of an instrument rating for aeroplanes issued under Part-FCL?

  1. Three years
  2. Five years
  3. Six months
  4. One year Correct answer.

Explanation

An IR is issued with a validity of one year. It is maintained thereafter through revalidation within the prescribed period, normally by proficiency check or by the approved credit routes.

Question 30Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

For revalidation of an IR on a single-pilot aeroplane, within which period before the rating's expiry must the proficiency check normally be completed?

  1. The six months preceding expiry
  2. The thirty days preceding expiry
  3. The three months immediately preceding expiry Correct answer.
  4. The twelve months preceding expiry

Explanation

A proficiency check completed in the three months before expiry allows the rating to be revalidated from the original expiry date. Completing it earlier still counts but may shift the new validity period.

Question 31Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which component must a candidate complete in addition to the skill test before an IR can be issued?

  1. A simulator session with an air traffic controller
  2. A cross-country flight under VFR of at least 300 nautical miles
  3. A line check with a commercial operator
  4. An instrument flight instruction course at an approved training organisation Correct answer.

Explanation

IR issue requires completion of an approved instrument flight instruction course at a declared training organisation, followed by the skill test. The course ensures the candidate has received structured instruction before assessment.

Question 32Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A pilot holds an IR and adds a new single-pilot aeroplane type to the licence. What effect does the new type rating have on the IR?

  1. The IR is automatically downgraded to a PPL-only rating
  2. The IR is suspended until a new proficiency check is passed
  3. The IR remains valid and the new type is flown under the existing IR privileges Correct answer.
  4. The IR must be reissued with a new one-year validity period

Explanation

Adding a type or class rating does not invalidate the existing IR; the pilot may exercise IR privileges on the newly endorsed type provided the rating itself is valid. Separate proficiency check requirements apply only as specified for that type.

Question 33Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which of the following correctly describes the privileges of an IR held by a PPL(A) holder?

  1. Instrument flight limited to the pilot's home country
  2. Instrument flight in IMC and under IFR, subject to the licence and rating conditions Correct answer.
  3. Instrument flight only in airspace where IFR is mandatory
  4. Instrument flight only when a second pilot is on board

Explanation

An IR allows the holder to fly under IFR and in instrument meteorological conditions within the privileges of the underlying licence. The rating does not restrict the pilot to mandatory-IFR airspace or to national boundaries.

Question 34Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A candidate for an IR in a multi-engine aeroplane must demonstrate asymmetric flight. Which description best matches the required element?

  1. A symmetric precision approach flown to minima with both engines operating
  2. An asymmetric approach and go-around flown solely by reference to instruments, with the failed engine handled per procedure Correct answer.
  3. A visual circuit flown with one engine feathered
  4. An asymmetric climb performed under VFR only

Explanation

The multi-engine IR test requires an asymmetric instrument approach and go-around, demonstrating engine-failure management while maintaining instrument flight path control. The element is assessed by reference to instruments, not visually.

Question 35Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

During an IR skill test, the candidate's altitude deviation exceeds the permitted tolerance but the candidate recognises and corrects it promptly. How should the examiner treat this?

  1. Record a failure because any exceedance is disqualifying
  2. Disregard the deviation because it was corrected
  3. Assess the deviation against the published tolerance and note it, applying the standard criteria for the test outcome Correct answer.
  4. Terminate the test immediately and require a full retake

Explanation

Examiners apply the published tolerance criteria consistently, noting deviations and judging whether the overall standard is met. A single corrected excursion is evaluated against those criteria rather than treated as automatic failure or automatically ignored.

Question 36Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which recent instrument flight time requirement must be met to carry passengers under IFR at night in a single-pilot aeroplane?

  1. One instrument approach in the preceding 30 days
  2. Ten hours of instrument flight in the preceding 6 months
  3. Three instrument approaches and one hour of instrument flight in the preceding 90 days Correct answer.
  4. Five hours of instrument flight in the preceding 12 months

Explanation

Recent experience requirements for carrying passengers under IFR include a specified number of instrument approaches and instrument flight time within the preceding 90 days. The precise combination must be logged and current.

Question 37Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An IR holder's proficiency check was completed in a full flight simulator approved for the relevant tasks. What is the effect on the rating?

  1. The check is invalid because it was not conducted in the aeroplane
  2. The check counts only if a real aeroplane flight follows within 30 days
  3. The check counts only for renewing, not for revalidating, the IR
  4. The check counts fully if the simulator is approved for the required elements and the examiner is qualified Correct answer.

Explanation

Approved full flight simulators may be used for defined elements of IR proficiency checks, provided the device is qualified for those tasks and the examiner is authorised. Use of an approved device does not by itself invalidate the check.

Question 38Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A candidate fails the IR skill test. What is the standard consequence before a retake may be attempted?

  1. The candidate must complete additional training as determined by the training organisation before retaking Correct answer.
  2. The candidate must wait twelve months before any retake
  3. The candidate may retake the test the following day without further training
  4. The candidate must pass a new theoretical examination before retaking

Explanation

After a failed skill test, further training is normally required before a retake, determined by the approved training organisation. This ensures deficiencies are addressed rather than simply re-tested.

Question 39Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the IR and the class or type rating on which it is exercised?

  1. The IR replaces the need for a class rating on single-engine aeroplanes
  2. The IR automatically endorses all aeroplane types flown
  3. IR privileges can only be exercised on an aeroplane for which a valid class or type rating is held Correct answer.
  4. The IR is valid independently of any class or type rating

Explanation

IR privileges are exercised within the scope of the underlying licence and the class or type ratings held. Without a valid rating for the aeroplane, the IR cannot be used on that aircraft.

Question 40Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An examiner is standardised for IR testing. Which activity best reflects the purpose of examiner standardisation in this context?

  1. Allowing examiners to set their own tolerances for instrument flight
  2. Transferring licensing decisions from the competent authority to examiners
  3. Increasing the number of tests each examiner may conduct annually
  4. Ensuring consistent application of assessment criteria across examiners and candidates Correct answer.

Explanation

Standardisation ensures examiners apply the same criteria and tolerances consistently, preserving fairness and comparability of IR test outcomes. It does not grant examiners discretion to invent their own standards.

Question 41Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A pilot's IR lapses because no revalidation was completed in time. Which route is normally available to restore IR privileges?

  1. Automatic reinstatement after payment of a fee
  2. Reinstatement by logging ten hours of instrument flight
  3. Conversion to a PPL without further assessment
  4. Renewal, which may require additional training and a proficiency check Correct answer.

Explanation

A lapsed IR must be renewed, and renewal may require refresher training and a proficiency check depending on how long the rating has been expired. Automatic reinstatement is not available.

Question 42Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which element is typically included in an IR skill test to assess the candidate's ability to manage workload during a departure?

  1. A departure conducted by the examiner with the candidate observing
  2. A departure flown under IFR with an instrument departure procedure and a simulated failure Correct answer.
  3. A visual departure in VMC with no instrument procedure
  4. A departure flown only with reference to the horizon

Explanation

The skill test includes an instrument departure flown under IFR, often with a simulated abnormality, to assess workload management and procedural compliance. The candidate must be the pilot flying.

Question 43Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An IR holder moves to a new operator and must fly a multi-pilot aeroplane type. Which additional requirement applies to exercising IR privileges on that type?

  1. Only a new medical certificate
  2. No additional requirement because the IR is already held
  3. Completion of the operator's conversion course and the associated type rating requirements Correct answer.
  4. A new PPL theoretical examination

Explanation

Exercising IR privileges on a multi-pilot type requires the appropriate type rating and, in an operator context, completion of the operator's conversion course. The existing IR alone does not cover an unendorsed type.

Question 44Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which statement about the recording of IR skill test results by the examiner is correct?

  1. Results are recorded only when a retake is required
  2. Results are recorded only if the candidate passes
  3. The result is recorded in the candidate's logbook and on the prescribed form for the competent authority Correct answer.
  4. Results are kept confidential and not disclosed to the candidate

Explanation

The examiner records the outcome in the candidate's logbook and completes the prescribed documentation for the competent authority, whether the result is a pass or a fail. The candidate is informed of the outcome.

Question 45Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An examiner suspects that a candidate's logged instrument flight time was not actually flown. What is the appropriate examiner action?

  1. Ignore the discrepancy and proceed with the test
  2. Refuse to conduct the test and report the matter to the competent authority Correct answer.
  3. Proceed with the test but note the discrepancy for the competent authority
  4. Cancel the candidate's licence immediately

Explanation

The examiner has a duty to uphold the integrity of the licensing system and must not conduct a test based on suspected false records. The matter is reported to the competent authority, which decides on any action.

Question 46Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

A candidate for an IR holds an ATPL(A) theoretical knowledge credit but limited instrument flight experience. Which statement is correct?

  1. The candidate must still complete the required instrument flight instruction and the skill test Correct answer.
  2. ATPL theoretical credit satisfies all IR requirements without further flight training
  3. The candidate may exercise IR privileges immediately upon passing the ATPL examinations
  4. The candidate needs only a simulator session to obtain the IR

Explanation

Theoretical knowledge credit does not replace the practical instrument flight instruction and skill test required for IR issue. Both knowledge and flight components must be satisfied.

Question 47Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An IR holder has not flown instrument flight for several months but the rating remains within validity. Which consideration governs the carriage of passengers under IFR?

  1. A new skill test is required before any passenger flight
  2. The rating's validity alone is sufficient to carry passengers under IFR
  3. Recent instrument experience requirements must be met in addition to rating validity Correct answer.
  4. Passengers may be carried only in VMC

Explanation

Even with a valid IR, the pilot must satisfy recent instrument experience requirements before carrying passengers under IFR. Rating validity and recency are separate conditions.

Question 48Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

An examiner is asked to conduct an IR skill test on an aeroplane for which the candidate holds no valid class rating. What is the correct examiner response?

  1. Decline to conduct the test until the candidate holds the required class or type rating Correct answer.
  2. Conduct the test only in a simulator
  3. Conduct the test and endorse the class rating afterwards
  4. Conduct the test because the IR is the only rating being assessed

Explanation

The candidate must hold the appropriate class or type rating before the IR test can be conducted on that aeroplane, because IR privileges are exercised only in conjunction with that rating. The examiner should not test outside the candidate's valid ratings.

Question 49Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Which statement best explains why the IR skill test is conducted by an authorised examiner rather than by the training instructor who provided the instruction?

  1. The competent authority requires all tests to be conducted outside the training organisation
  2. Instructors are not permitted to fly instrument approaches
  3. Independent assessment by an authorised examiner provides objective confirmation of competence Correct answer.
  4. Examiners have more instrument flying experience than instructors by definition

Explanation

Independent assessment by an authorised examiner provides objective confirmation that the candidate meets the required standard. Separation of instruction and assessment protects the integrity of the licensing decision.

Question 50Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) - licensing, ratings and examiner standardisation

Under Part-FCL, what is the minimum age to be issued an instrument rating on an aeroplane?

  1. 17 years
  2. 18 years Correct answer.
  3. 21 years
  4. 16 years

Explanation

Part-FCL sets 18 years as the minimum age for issue of an instrument rating, matching the age normally required for the commercial pilot licence route through which most applicants qualify. The private pilot licence minimum of 17 years does not extend to the IR itself.