LPI BSD Specialist flashcards
LPI BSD Specialist · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- bsdinstall
- The FreeBSD text installer that partitions disks, installs the base system, and optionally installs ports or packages during initial setup.
- pkg bootstrap
- FreeBSD command that downloads and installs the pkg(8) package manager itself, needed when pkg is not yet present on the system.
- freebsd-update fetch
- Downloads binary patches for the FreeBSD base system without applying them; freebsd-update install then applies the downloaded updates.
- syspatch
- OpenBSD utility that downloads and applies binary security patches to the base system; a reboot may be required afterward.
- portsnap
- Historical FreeBSD command that fetched and extracted the ports tree into /usr/ports; modern systems often use git instead.
- pkgin
- NetBSD package manager front end to pkgsrc binary packages; pkgin update refreshes the index and pkgin install installs packages.
- pkg audit
- FreeBSD command that checks installed packages against a vulnerability database; pkg audit -F fetches the latest database first.
- gpart create
- FreeBSD command that writes a partitioning scheme to a disk, for example gpart create -s gpt ada0 creates a GPT scheme.
- zpool create
- FreeBSD ZFS command that creates a storage pool from vdevs, for example zpool create tank mirror ada0 ada1 creates a mirrored pool.
- raidz2
- A ZFS vdev type that tolerates two disk failures; it requires at least four disks and uses double parity.
- newfs
- FreeBSD command that creates a UFS2 filesystem on a device, for example newfs /dev/ada0p1 formats the first partition.
- zfs snapshot
- A read-only point-in-time copy of a ZFS dataset created with zfs snapshot pool/data@name and restorable with zfs rollback.
- softraid
- OpenBSD framework for software RAID; bioctl -c 1 -l /dev/sd0a,/dev/sd1a softraid0 creates a mirror.
- /etc/fstab
- File listing filesystems to mount at boot; fields are device, mountpoint, fstype, options, dump, and pass number.
- ada device name
- FreeBSD device node naming for SATA/AHCI disks; da names SCSI/USB disks and nvd or nda names NVMe disks.
- rc.conf
- FreeBSD configuration file that enables services and sets system variables, for example sshd_enable="YES" or defaultrouter.
- rcctl
- OpenBSD service management command; rcctl enable sshd enables a service and rcctl start sshd starts it.
- doas
- OpenBSD utility that runs commands as another user according to rules in /etc/doas.conf, similar to sudo.
- adduser
- Interactive command on FreeBSD and OpenBSD that creates a user account, home directory, and password in one guided session.
- newsyslog
- FreeBSD log rotation daemon driven by /etc/newsyslog.conf, which sets rotation size, time, and retention per log file.
- periodic
- FreeBSD mechanism that runs daily, weekly, and monthly maintenance scripts; output is typically mailed to root.
- jail
- FreeBSD isolation feature that runs processes in a restricted environment sharing the host kernel, defined in jail.conf.
- sysrc
- FreeBSD command that safely edits rc.conf, for example sysrc sshd_enable=YES sets the variable without manual editing.
- ifconfig_em0
- FreeBSD rc.conf variable that configures interface em0 at boot, for example ifconfig_em0="inet 192.0.2.10/24".
- /etc/hostname.if
- OpenBSD per-interface configuration file, such as /etc/hostname.em0, holding the interface address and options applied at boot.
- /etc/mygate
- OpenBSD file containing the default gateway address; the system reads it at boot to add the default route.
- pfctl
- Command controlling the pf packet filter; pfctl -f /etc/pf.conf loads rules, pfctl -sr lists them, pfctl -si shows statistics.
- netstat -rn
- Command that displays the kernel routing table in numeric form, showing destination, gateway, and interface for each route.
- sshd_config
- Configuration file for the SSH daemon; directives such as PermitRootLogin, PasswordAuthentication, and Port control access behavior.
- chmod 755
- Sets permissions to rwxr-xr-x: the owner may read, write, and execute; group and others may read and execute only.
- find -mtime
- find option matching files modified a given number of days ago; -mtime +7 matches files older than seven days.
- tar -czf
- Creates a gzip-compressed tar archive; the flags mean create, gzip, and filename, followed by the archive name and paths.