Hazard perception and defensive driving
What this domain tests
This domain tests anticipation, not reaction speed. You must scan far ahead, use mirrors, and spot clues before a hazard becomes an emergency.
Seeing hazards early
Scan far ahead, use mirrors, and look for clues: brake lights, children near parked cars, cyclists wobbling, or a ball rolling into the road. Keep a space cushion and a two-second gap; more in rain, fog, or at night.
Defensive habits
- In tunnels, use low-beam headlights and keep a safe distance; do not stop unless necessary.
- In fog, use low beams; rear fog lights only when visibility is below 50 m.
- At night, dip headlights for oncoming traffic and when following.
- Look through the car in front, not just at it, to see traffic further ahead.
Worked example
A ball rolls between parked cars. Reasoning: a child may follow. Reduce speed immediately, cover the brake, and prepare to stop; do not swerve blindly into the opposite lane.
Traps
Using hazard lights as a right of way; leaving rear fog lights on after fog clears; tailgating to see better; only looking at the car in front rather than through it.