First aid, emergencies, and accident behavior
What this domain tests
This domain tests the protect-alert-rescue sequence, basic first aid, and how to behave at an accident without making injuries worse.
Protect, alert, rescue
At an accident, secure the scene first: hazard lights, reflective vest, warning triangle at a safe distance, and get people away from traffic. Call 112, give the location, number of casualties, and hazards. Do not move an injured person unless there is immediate danger.
First aid basics
- Check response and breathing; if not breathing normally, start CPR (30 compressions to 2 breaths) and use an AED if available.
- If breathing but unconscious, use the recovery position, unless spinal injury is suspected.
- Do not remove a motorcyclist's helmet unless necessary to maintain the airway.
- Do not give food or drink.
Worked example
A motorcyclist is unconscious but breathing. Reasoning: protect the scene, call 112, and place them in the recovery position if safe; do not remove the helmet unless the airway is blocked. Monitor breathing until help arrives.
Traps
Moving casualties unnecessarily; removing a helmet routinely; forgetting the warning triangle; failing to give the emergency operator a precise location.