Esthetics and Skin Care: Assessment, Facial Services, and Contraindications
Skin anatomy and assessment
The epidermis is the outer barrier; the dermis contains collagen, elastin, nerves, and blood vessels; the subcutaneous layer stores fat. Fitzpatrick types I–VI estimate sun response and guide treatment intensity. During consultation, observe and ask questions, but do not diagnose disease. Refer suspicious lesions, persistent redness, or undiagnosed rashes to a dermatologist.
Facial protocol
A basic facial moves from cleansing and skin analysis to exfoliation, steam (avoid with rosacea or sensitivity), extractions, massage, mask, moisturizer, and sun protection. Use gentle pressure only on pustules that are ready; never squeeze inflamed cysts. Electrical devices such as galvanic and high-frequency units require manufacturer directions and contraindication checks, including pacemakers, pregnancy, epilepsy, and metal implants.
Waxing and tinting
Hair should be about ¼ inch for waxing. Test wax temperature on your inner wrist, and never double-dip applicators. Patch-test lash and brow tint 24–48 hours before service. Avoid waxing over retinoid-treated, recently peeled, or irritated skin; the skin can lift.
Worked example
A client using isotretinoin asks for an eyebrow wax. Reasoning: the drug thins and sensitizes skin for months, so waxing risks tearing. Refuse the wax, offer tweezing if the skin is intact, and document the refusal and referral.
Traps that cost marks
Over-exfoliating; extracting inflamed lesions; skipping patch tests; using hot wax on sensitive skin; ignoring medication and device contraindications; treating esthetics as diagnosis.