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North Macedonia Civil Service Exam study materials
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North Macedonia Civil Service Exam practice questions

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Question 1Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which body of the Republic of North Macedonia is vested with constituent power, meaning the authority to adopt and amend the Constitution?

  1. The Assembly (Sobranie) Correct answer.
  2. The Government
  3. The Constitutional Court
  4. The President of the Republic

Explanation

Under the Macedonian constitutional order the Assembly exercises constituent power: it adopts and amends the Constitution by the special majority prescribed in the Constitution itself. The other institutions apply or execute the Constitution but cannot change its text.

Question 2Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia was adopted in 1991 and has since been amended several times. Which description of the amending procedure is accurate?

  1. Amendments are adopted by referendum alone, without any Assembly vote.
  2. Amendments are adopted by the Government and confirmed by the President by decree.
  3. Amendments require a two-thirds majority of the total number of Assembly members, and certain matters require an even higher threshold. Correct answer.
  4. Amendments require a simple majority of members present and voting in the Assembly.

Explanation

The Constitution sets a demanding amending formula: a proposal must be supported by a two-thirds majority of the total membership of the Assembly, and the Constitution reserves an even stricter requirement for specified fundamental matters. Ordinary legislative majorities are therefore insufficient for constitutional change.

Question 3Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

In the constitutional system of North Macedonia, the President of the Republic is elected in which manner?

  1. By direct general election in a two-round majoritarian vote Correct answer.
  2. By the Constitutional Court from a list of candidates
  3. By the Assembly from among its own members
  4. By an electoral college composed of municipal mayors

Explanation

The President is chosen by the citizens in direct elections, using a majoritarian formula that requires an absolute majority of votes cast and, if that is not achieved, a second round between the two leading candidates. This gives the office an independent democratic mandate separate from the Assembly majority.

Question 4Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

A presidential term in North Macedonia ends early. According to the constitutional design of the office, what is the consequence for the President's mandate?

  1. The President's term is tied to the Assembly's term and ends whenever the Assembly is dissolved.
  2. The President is chosen for life and cannot be removed before the term ends.
  3. The President may be re-elected at most once, and the office is incompatible with other public functions. Correct answer.
  4. The President may serve an unlimited number of terms while holding another public office.

Explanation

The Constitution limits the President to a maximum of two terms and declares the office incompatible with the exercise of other public functions or membership in a political party while in office. These rules are meant to keep the head of state above partisan and administrative entanglements.

Question 5Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Government of North Macedonia is politically accountable to which institution, and by what mechanism?

  1. To the citizens, exclusively through local referendums in municipalities
  2. To the Constitutional Court, which can dissolve the Government for unconstitutional acts
  3. To the Assembly, which can pass a vote of no confidence and thereby terminate the Government's mandate Correct answer.
  4. To the President, who may dismiss ministers at will

Explanation

North Macedonia has a parliamentary form of government: the Prime Minister is elected by the Assembly and the Government depends on the Assembly's confidence. A vote of no confidence is the central instrument through which the Assembly withdraws that confidence.

Question 6Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which statement best describes the structure of the Assembly of North Macedonia?

  1. It is a bicameral legislature with a chamber of citizens and a chamber of municipalities.
  2. It is a unicameral legislature whose members are appointed by the municipalities.
  3. It is a bicameral legislature in which one chamber is composed of national minorities.
  4. It is a unicameral legislature whose members are elected for four-year terms. Correct answer.

Explanation

The Assembly is a single-chamber body elected directly by the citizens for a four-year mandate. North Macedonia does not have a second chamber representing municipalities or minorities; minority representation is pursued through the electoral system and specific constitutional guarantees instead.

Question 7Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitutional Court of North Macedonia is composed of judges selected in which way?

  1. Judges are elected by the Assembly for a nine-year term without the possibility of re-election. Correct answer.
  2. Judges are appointed for life by the President alone.
  3. Judges are elected by the citizens in general elections.
  4. Judges are delegated by the Supreme Court from among its own members.

Explanation

The Constitution provides that the Assembly elects the Constitutional Court judges for a nine-year term, and re-election is excluded. This design aims to insulate constitutional review from short-term political pressure while keeping the selection democratic.

Question 8Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

A law adopted by the Assembly is alleged to violate a constitutional guarantee of freedom of expression. Which institution is competent to decide that claim?

  1. The Public Prosecutor's Office
  2. The Constitutional Court of North Macedonia Correct answer.
  3. The Supreme Court of North Macedonia
  4. The Ombudsman

Explanation

Constitutional review of the conformity of statutes with the Constitution belongs to the Constitutional Court. Ordinary courts apply statutes and cannot annul them for unconstitutionality, while the Ombudsman may recommend but not adjudicate.

Question 9Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which of the following is a feature of the constitutional status of the Ombudsman in North Macedonia?

  1. The Ombudsman exercises binding judicial authority over administrative disputes.
  2. The Ombudsman is appointed by the Government and reports exclusively to the Prime Minister.
  3. The Ombudsman is elected by the Assembly and protects the rights of citizens against acts of state administration. Correct answer.
  4. The Ombudsman is a judge of the Constitutional Court ex officio.

Explanation

The Ombudsman is a constitutional institution elected by the Assembly to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens against unlawful or improper acts of state administration and other bodies. Its role is supervisory and recommendatory, not judicial.

Question 10Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia guarantees the right to local self-government. Which statement reflects that guarantee?

  1. Municipalities are merely administrative branches of the central Government without independent budgets.
  2. Municipalities may secede from the Republic following a local referendum.
  3. Municipalities may adopt their own constitutions and conduct foreign policy independently.
  4. Municipalities have the right to regulate and manage certain matters of local importance through their own bodies and resources. Correct answer.

Explanation

Local self-government in North Macedonia is constitutionally guaranteed: citizens exercise it through municipalities, which decide on matters of local importance through locally elected bodies and their own financial resources. Central authorities may only supervise legality, not substitute their own choices.

Question 11Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which of the following is among the core constitutional principles of the Republic of North Macedonia?

  1. Concentration of all state authority in the President
  2. Separation of powers into legislative, executive and judicial branches Correct answer.
  3. Subordination of the judiciary to the Government
  4. Fusion of legislative and judicial functions in the Assembly

Explanation

The constitutional order rests on the separation of state power into legislative, executive and judicial branches. This principle is reinforced by guarantees of judicial independence and by the mutual checks among the Assembly, the Government and the courts.

Question 12Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Citizens of North Macedonia possess a right that allows them to propose changes to the Constitution or to require the Assembly to reconsider a law. What is this instrument called?

  1. Motion of censure
  2. Citizen initiative (legislative initiative) Correct answer.
  3. Constitutional complaint
  4. Administrative appeal

Explanation

The Constitution grants citizens a form of direct participation through the citizen initiative, which allows a defined number of voters to propose legislative or constitutional changes. The other instruments serve different purposes: individual legal protection, constitutional review, or parliamentary control of the Government.

Question 13Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia declares the state to be secular and guarantees freedom of religion. Which statement follows from this constitutional design?

  1. Religious communities are separated from the state and are equal before the law, while religious education in public schools is not permitted. Correct answer.
  2. Religious symbols are mandatory in public institutions.
  3. Only religious communities registered before 1991 enjoy constitutional protection.
  4. The Macedonian Orthodox Church has the status of an established state church with public funding.

Explanation

The constitutional model treats religious communities as separate from the state and equal before the law, and it excludes religious instruction from public primary and secondary schools. This reflects the secular character of the state and the equal freedom of all faiths.

Question 14Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which of the following is a constitutional guarantee concerning the use of languages in North Macedonia?

  1. All languages spoken by any resident are official across the entire territory without any conditions.
  2. The Macedonian language and its Cyrillic alphabet are official throughout the Republic, and languages of communities are used in accordance with the Constitution and law. Correct answer.
  3. Only the Macedonian language may be used in any official communication, including in municipalities with a substantial minority population.
  4. Official language use is determined by the Government rather than by the Constitution.

Explanation

The Constitution establishes Macedonian, written in the Cyrillic alphabet, as the official language throughout the Republic, while guaranteeing the use of languages of other communities under conditions set by the Constitution and law. This balances a state-wide official language with minority language protection.

Question 15Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia guarantees the right to appeal in judicial and administrative proceedings. Which statement best captures that guarantee?

  1. The right to appeal applies only to criminal convictions, not to administrative decisions.
  2. The right to appeal may be removed by ordinary statute whenever the Government considers it necessary.
  3. The right to appeal is available only to citizens, not to legal persons.
  4. A person has the right to appeal a decision in proceedings before a court or another body performing a public function. Correct answer.

Explanation

The constitutional guarantee of the right to appeal covers decisions in proceedings before courts and before other bodies exercising public authority. It is a general procedural safeguard, not a privilege limited to criminal cases or to natural persons.

Question 16Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia provides a special procedure for the protection of the rights of communities. Which institution is central to that mechanism?

  1. The National Bank
  2. The Committee for Inter-Community Relations of the Assembly Correct answer.
  3. The Public Revenue Office
  4. The State Election Commission

Explanation

The Constitution establishes the Committee for Inter-Community Relations within the Assembly to consider issues concerning the rights of communities and to give opinions on them. It is a distinctive consociational device intended to protect inter-ethnic relations.

Question 17Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which statement describes the constitutional position of the judiciary in North Macedonia?

  1. Judges may be removed by the President without any prescribed procedure.
  2. Courts may be dissolved by the Government when their workload is low.
  3. Judges are independent and subject only to the Constitution and the laws, and courts are autonomous. Correct answer.
  4. Judges are civil servants subordinate to the Ministry of Justice in the exercise of their functions.

Explanation

The Constitution guarantees the autonomy of the courts and the independence of judges, who are bound only by the Constitution and the law. Removal and disciplinary measures are subject to prescribed procedures and bodies, not to executive discretion.

Question 18Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia prohibits the dissolution of the Assembly during certain periods. Which situation is one of them?

  1. During municipal election campaigns
  2. During a state of emergency or a state of war Correct answer.
  3. During the annual budget debate
  4. During the first session of a newly elected Assembly

Explanation

The Constitution restricts dissolution during exceptional situations such as a state of emergency or war, when continuity of the legislature is essential. This prevents the executive from using dissolution to bypass parliamentary oversight in a crisis.

Question 19Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

A draft constitutional amendment is supported by 70 of the 123 members of the Assembly. Based on the general amending formula, what is the outcome?

  1. The amendment is adopted, because the President may confirm it despite insufficient votes.
  2. The amendment fails, because the required two-thirds majority of the total membership has not been reached. Correct answer.
  3. The amendment is adopted automatically if the Government supports it.
  4. The amendment is adopted, because a simple majority of those present suffices.

Explanation

The amending formula requires a two-thirds majority of the total number of Assembly members, which is more than 70 votes in a 123-seat chamber. Since the proposal falls short of that threshold, it cannot be adopted regardless of executive support.

Question 20Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which body decides on the conformity of a ratified international treaty with the Constitution before it enters into force in North Macedonia?

  1. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  2. The Supreme Court in plenary session
  3. The Constitutional Court Correct answer.
  4. The Assembly's Committee for Inter-Community Relations

Explanation

The Constitutional Court is competent to review the constitutionality of international treaties before they are ratified or enter into force. Treaties that conflict with the Constitution cannot be ratified without prior constitutional adjustment.

Question 21Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia provides that ratified international agreements form part of the internal legal order. What follows from this rule?

  1. Ratified treaties must be re-enacted by the Assembly as statutes before they have any effect.
  2. Ratified treaties apply only to the Government and not to private parties.
  3. Ratified international agreements cannot be changed by domestic law and take precedence over statutes in case of conflict. Correct answer.
  4. Ratified treaties have only persuasive value before domestic courts.

Explanation

Under the Constitution, ratified international agreements that are in accordance with it become part of the domestic legal order and cannot be altered by domestic legislation. Where a conflict arises with a statute, the treaty prevails, which gives it a supra-statutory rank.

Question 22Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which statement about the mandate of Assembly members in North Macedonia is correct?

  1. Members are bound by imperative mandates from the municipalities that elected them.
  2. Members may be recalled at any time by a petition of their voters.
  3. Members must vote according to instructions issued by the Government.
  4. Members represent the citizens, and their mandate is free, so they are not bound by instructions from their parties or constituencies. Correct answer.

Explanation

The Constitution establishes a free mandate: Assembly members represent the citizens and decide according to their own conscience and judgment. Imperative mandates and recall by petition are incompatible with this design, which protects legislative independence.

Question 23Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which constitutional principle governs the relationship between the Constitution and ordinary legislation in North Macedonia?

  1. Statutes cannot be reviewed by any institution once they enter into force.
  2. Statutes prevail over the Constitution once adopted by the Assembly.
  3. Statutes must conform to the Constitution, and a statute that conflicts with it may be annulled by the Constitutional Court. Correct answer.
  4. Statutes and the Constitution have equal rank, and conflicts are resolved by the Supreme Court.

Explanation

The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and ordinary statutes must conform to it. The Constitutional Court is empowered to annul or repeal unconstitutional statutes, which is the practical expression of constitutional supremacy.

Question 24Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Constitution of North Macedonia guarantees the right to a fair and public trial. Which element is part of that guarantee?

  1. The right to be tried by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law Correct answer.
  2. The right to have a trial conducted without any public record
  3. The right to waive the assistance of counsel in all criminal cases
  4. The right to choose the judge who will decide the case

Explanation

A fair trial requires adjudication by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law, together with other guarantees such as publicity and the right to defence. These elements ensure that the process is not controlled by the parties or the executive.

Question 25Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which statement about the constitutional regulation of political parties in North Macedonia is accurate?

  1. Only one political party may legally operate at the national level.
  2. Political parties must be licensed by the Government before they can nominate candidates.
  3. Political parties are constitutional organs of the state with public-law status.
  4. Political parties may be freely established and operate, but parties whose programmes call for the violent destruction of the constitutional order are prohibited. Correct answer.

Explanation

The Constitution guarantees freedom of association and political pluralism, allowing parties to be formed and to operate freely. At the same time, it permits restriction of parties that aim at the violent overthrow of the constitutional order or incite national or religious hatred.

Question 26Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Under the Constitution of North Macedonia, who elects the President of the Republic?

  1. The Constitutional Court, from among its judges
  2. The citizens, in direct general elections Correct answer.
  3. The Government, by secret ballot of its ministers
  4. The Assembly, by a two-thirds majority of all members

Explanation

The President of North Macedonia is elected directly by the citizens in general and direct elections held by secret ballot. The Constitution sets a two-round model in which a candidate must obtain a majority of the total number of registered voters in the second round to be elected. This direct popular mandate distinguishes the President from officials chosen by the Assembly.

Question 27Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

A dispute arises over whether a member of the Assembly may simultaneously hold a ministerial post in the Government. Which statement reflects the constitutional rule on incompatibility?

  1. Assembly members may freely serve as ministers because the Constitution treats the two mandates as cumulative
  2. A member of the Assembly who is elected or appointed to a Government office must choose between the two functions, since holding both is incompatible Correct answer.
  3. Only the President may decide whether an Assembly member can also be a minister
  4. Holding a ministerial post automatically terminates the Assembly mandate without any possibility of return

Explanation

The Constitution treats the function of an Assembly member as incompatible with a Government office, so a person who accepts a ministerial appointment must give up one of the two positions. The rule protects the separation between legislative and executive roles and prevents double office-holding. It does not create an automatic permanent loss of the seat.

Question 28Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

Which body has the constitutional power to decide on the immunity (lifting of immunity) of a member of the Assembly of North Macedonia?

  1. The Supreme Court
  2. The Constitutional Court
  3. The Public Prosecutor's Office
  4. The Assembly itself Correct answer.

Explanation

Under the Constitution, a member of the Assembly enjoys immunity, and it is the Assembly as a body that decides whether to approve the lifting of that immunity when a criminal prosecution is requested. The chamber's own decision reflects the principle that the legislature controls its members' privileges. Courts and prosecutors may seek the lifting of immunity but cannot grant it themselves.

Question 29Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

A group of citizens wishes to challenge the constitutionality of a municipal decision that allegedly restricts a guaranteed right. Which statement best describes the constitutional framework for local self-government and its supervision?

  1. Municipalities are entirely autonomous, so their acts cannot be reviewed by any state body
  2. Only the President may annul a municipal decision that conflicts with a constitutional right
  3. Municipalities exercise self-government within the Constitution and law, and their acts may be reviewed for legality and constitutionality through the established legal remedies Correct answer.
  4. Municipalities are direct field offices of the central Government and their decisions are purely administrative instructions

Explanation

The Constitution guarantees local self-government, but municipalities act within the constitutional and statutory framework, and their acts are subject to review through legality and constitutionality procedures. This preserves local autonomy while ensuring that central guarantees, including fundamental rights, prevail. Supervision therefore operates through legal remedies rather than through unlimited autonomy or direct executive fiat.

Question 30Constitutional Law and the Political System of North Macedonia

The Assembly of North Macedonia is considering a constitutional amendment. Which combination of requirements reflects the amending procedure for a change to the constitutional order?

  1. A proposal adopted by a two-thirds majority of the total number of Assembly members, followed by a final decision requiring a two-thirds majority of the total number of members Correct answer.
  2. A decision by the Government, ratified by the President alone
  3. A unanimous vote of all members, confirmed by a referendum in every case
  4. A simple majority of members present in a single session, with no further step

Explanation

Constitutional amendments in North Macedonia follow a demanding procedure: a proposal to amend the Constitution requires a two-thirds majority of the total number of Assembly members, and the final adoption of the amendment likewise requires a qualified two-thirds majority of all members. This double qualified-majority structure ensures broad cross-party support for changes to the constitutional order. Ordinary majorities and unilateral executive action cannot alter the Constitution.

Question 31Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Според Законот за општата управна постапка, во кој рок органот е должен да одлучи по барање на странка кога постапката е итна?

  1. Во рок од 8 дена од денот на поднесувањето на барањето Correct answer.
  2. Во рок од 15 дена од денот на поднесувањето на барањето
  3. Во рок од 60 дена од денот на поднесувањето на барањето
  4. Во рок од 30 дена од денот на поднесувањето на барањето

Explanation

Законскиот рок за одлучување по барање во итна постапка е пократок од општиот рок и изнесува осум дена од поднесувањето. Општиот рок од 30 дена важи за редовните постапки, а продолжените рокови се предвидени само во исклучителни случаи. Краткиот рок ја штити странката кога предметот бара брза реакција на органот.

Question 32Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кое начело во управната постапка го обврзува органот да ги утврди сите факти што се важни за правилно решавање на предметот?

  1. Начело на формалност
  2. Начело на диспозиција на странката
  3. Начело на материјална вистина Correct answer.
  4. Начело на економичност

Explanation

Начелото на материјална вистина го задолжува органот службено да ги утврди вистинските факти и околности од кои зависи одлуката. Органот не е врзан само со она што го тврди странката, туку мора да ја утврди целосната фактичка состојба. Ова начело е основна гаранција за законитост на решението.

Question 33Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Странка во управната постапка е физичко или правно лице кое бара од органот да постапи по негово барање. Како се нарекува лицето што учествува во постапката за да го заштити својот правен интерес, а не е носител на барањето?

  1. Овластено лице
  2. Страничен учесник Correct answer.
  3. Законски застапник
  4. Полномошник

Explanation

Страничниот учесник е лице што има правен интерес од исходот на постапката и се вклучува за да го заштити, иако не е подносител на барањето. Тој има права да учествува во докажувањето и да изјави правен лек кога неговиот интерес е повреден. Застапникот и полномошникот дејствуваат во име на странка, што е различен правен статус.

Question 34Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Решението донесено во управна постапка мора да содржи изрека, образложение и поука за правен лек. Кој е основен елемент на решението со кој органoт ја определува правната состојба на странката?

  1. Воведот
  2. Поуката за правен лек
  3. Изреката Correct answer.
  4. Образложението

Explanation

Изреката е составен дел на решението во кој органoт ја определува одлуката за правото или обврската на странката. Образложението ги содржи причините, а поуката го информира за рокот и начинот на изјавување правен лек. Само изреката го создава правното дејство на одлуката.

Question 35Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кога органот ќе утврди дека барањето е нецелосно, тој со заклучок го повикува подносителот да го дополни. Што се случува ако странката не го дополни барањето во определениот рок?

  1. Барањето се отфрла како нецелосно Correct answer.
  2. Барањето се одбива како неосновано
  3. Органот сам ги дополнува податоците
  4. Постапката се прогласува за ништовна

Explanation

Ако странката не го дополни нецелосното барање во рокот определен со заклучок, органот го отфрла барањето поради формални пречки. Отфрлањето е процесна одлука и не навлегува во основаноста на барањето. Одбивање по суштина следи само кога барањето е целосно и се оценува како неосновано.

Question 36Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кое начело во управната постапка ја штити странката со тоа што ѝ дава право да се изјасни пред органот да донесе одлука што може да влијае на нејзините права?

  1. Начело на слушање на странката Correct answer.
  2. Начело на јавност
  3. Начело на самостојност
  4. Начело на хиерархија

Explanation

Начелото на слушање на странката ѝ обезбедува можност да се изјасни за фактите и околностите што се важни за одлуката. Ова е израз на правото на одбрана во управната постапка и претставува услов за законитост на решението. Без таква можност странката не може ефикасно да ги заштити своите права.

Question 37Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кога е дозволено органот да ја измени или да ја укине својата веќе донесена одлука по службена должност?

  1. Секогаш кога смета дека одлуката е неправедна
  2. Само во случаите определени со закон, на пример при отстранување на повреда на закон Correct answer.
  3. Само кога странката ќе се согласи
  4. Никогаш, бидејќи решението е конечно

Explanation

Органот може да ја измени или укине одлуката по службена должност само во законски определени случаи, како при отстранување на повреда на закон или при исполнување на нови услови. Начелото на правна сигурност бара конечноста на решението да не се нарушува произволно. Затоа не е доволно органот да смета дека одлуката е неправедна.

Question 38Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кој орган е надлежен да одлучува по жалба против првостепено решение донесено од општинската управа во Република Северна Македонија?

  1. Народниот правобранител
  2. Основен суд
  3. Уставниот суд
  4. Второстепена комисија на Владата на Република Северна Македонија Correct answer.

Explanation

По жалба против првостепено решение на општинската управа одлучува второстепена комисија на Владата на Република Северна Македонија. Жалбата е редовен правен лек во управната постапка и се решава пред второстепен орган, а не пред суд. Судската заштита доаѓа подоцна преку управен спор.

Question 39Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Странката дознала за решението на 1 март. Кој е рокот за изјавување жалба против управното решение кога со закон не е определен друг рок?

  1. 30 дена од денот на дознавањето
  2. 60 дена од денот на дознавањето
  3. 15 дена од денот на дознавањето Correct answer.
  4. 8 дена од денот на дознавањето

Explanation

Општиот рок за изјавување жалба против управно решение изнесува 15 дена од денот на доставувањето или дознавањето, освен ако посебен закон не определи друг рок. Рокот е преклузивен и со неговото истекување решението станува конечно. Затоа странката мора да ја поднесе жалбата во тој законски рок.

Question 40Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кога жалбата е недозволена или е поднесена по истекот на рокот, како постапува второстепениот орган?

  1. Ја враќа жалбата на дополнување
  2. Ја одбива жалбата како неоснована
  3. Ја прогласува жалбата за ништовна
  4. Ја отфрла жалбата со решение Correct answer.

Explanation

Недозволената или невремена жалба се отфрла со решение, бидејќи не се исполнети процесните услови за мериторно одлучување. Отфрлањето е различно од одбивање, кое следи кога жалбата е дозволена и времена, но неоснована. Со отфрлање второстепениот орган не навлегува во основаноста на првостепеното решение.

Question 41Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Што претставува молчењето на администрацијата во управната постапка?

  1. Ситуација кога органот не одлучил во законскиот рок, што му овозможува на странката да изјави правен лек Correct answer.
  2. Ситуација кога органот ја прогласува постапката за ништовна
  3. Ситуација кога странката не го доставила барањето
  4. Ситуација кога органот ја прогласува постапката за тајна

Explanation

Молчење на администрацијата настанува кога органот не донесе решение во законскиот рок, иако се исполнети условите за одлучување. Во тој случај странката може да изјави жалба или друг правен лек за заштита на своите права. Ова е гаранција дека неефикасноста на органот не останува без правна последица.

Question 42Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Странката поднела барање за издавање дозвола, но органот не одговорил во законскиот рок од 30 дена. Кое право ѝ припаѓа на странката?

  1. Да го повтори барањето со нов рок од 60 дена
  2. Да побара од Народниот правобранител да го издаде решението
  3. Да поднесе тужба за ништовност пред Уставниот суд
  4. Да изјави жалба поради молчење на администрацијата Correct answer.

Explanation

Кога органот не одлучи во законскиот рок, странката има право да изјави жалба поради молчење на администрацијата. Со тоа се активира второстепената контрола и се штити правото на одлука во разумен рок. Тужбата пред Уставниот суд не е правен лек против недоставено управно решение.

Question 43Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кога управното решение станува извршно?

  1. Со доставувањето до органот што го донел
  2. Кога ќе стане конечно и кога истекол рокот за доброволно исполнување Correct answer.
  3. Само по изречна наредба на судот
  4. Веднаш по донесувањето, без оглед на правните лекови

Explanation

Решението станува извршно кога е конечно и кога истекол рокот определен за доброволно исполнување на обврската. Конечноста настанува кога не е изјавен правен лек или кога тој е исцрпен. Извршноста е услов за присилно извршување на обврската.

Question 44Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кое начело бара органот да ја спроведе постапката без одлагање и со што помалку трошоци за странката?

  1. Начело на економичност Correct answer.
  2. Начело на диспозиција
  3. Начело на законитост
  4. Начело на материјална вистина

Explanation

Начелото на економичност го обврзува органот да ја води постапката брзо и со што е можно помали трошоци, без да ја загрози законитоста. Тоа е тесно поврзано со правото на странката на одлука во разумен рок. Законитоста и материјалната вистина се однесуваат на правилноста на одлуката, а не на нејзината ефикасност.

Question 45Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Странката не е задоволна од второстепеното решение по жалба. Кое е следното правно средство за судска заштита?

  1. Жалба до Владата
  2. Предлог за помилување
  3. Тужба за управен спор пред надлежниот суд Correct answer.
  4. Барање за вонредно преиспитување до првостепениот орган

Explanation

Против конечното второстепено решение странката може да поднесе тужба и да поведе управен спор пред надлежниот суд. Управниот спор е судска контрола на законитоста на управниот акт. Владата не е третостепен орган во управната постапка.

Question 46Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Управниот спор во Република Северна Македонија се води пред кој суд?

  1. Пред Апелациониот суд во седиштето на органот
  2. Пред Управниот суд како првостепен Correct answer.
  3. Пред Основен суд во седиштето на органот
  4. Пред Врховниот суд како првостепен

Explanation

Управниот спор се води пред Управниот суд на Република Северна Македонија како првостепен суд. Тој ја оценува законитоста на конечните управни акти. Врховниот суд одлучува по вонредни правни лекови, а не како првостепен управен суд.

Question 47Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Кога странката може да поведе управен спор поради молчење на администрацијата?

  1. По истекот на законскиот рок во кој органот бил должен да одлучи Correct answer.
  2. Само по претходна согласност на органот
  3. Само по претходна одлука на Народниот правобранител
  4. Веднаш по поднесувањето на барањето до органот

Explanation

Управен спор поради молчење на администрацијата може да се поведе откако ќе истече законскиот рок во кој органот бил должен да одлучи. Со тоа се штити странката од неоправдано одолговлекување. Пред истекот на рокот нема молчење во правна смисла.

Question 48Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Во управна постапка странката може да биде застапувана од полномошник. Кое е основното барање за полномошното во управната постапка?

  1. Да биде заверено од нотар во секој случај
  2. Да биде одобрено од органот што води постапката
  3. Да биде дадено во писмена форма или усно на записник Correct answer.
  4. Да биде потпишано од двајца сведоци

Explanation

Полномошното во управната постапка може да биде дадено во писмена форма или усно на записник пред органот што ја води постапката. Со тоа се обезбедува доказ за овластувањето без непотребни формалности. Нотарска заверка не е општ услов, туку може да се бара во посебни случаи.

Question 49Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Органот донел решение со кое странката се задолжува да плати сума, но во образложението не се наведени причините за одлуката. Кој е правниот статус на таквото решение?

  1. Решението е полноважно бидејќи изреката е јасна
  2. Решението е само неправилно и се коригира со допис
  3. Решението е ништовно поради тешка повреда на формата Correct answer.
  4. Решението е извршно веднаш и не може да се побива

Explanation

Отсуството на образложение со причини претставува тешка повреда на формата на решението, што може да доведе до ништовност. Образложението е суштински елемент што му овозможува на странката да го разбере и да го побие решението. Изреката сама по себе не ја отстранува оваа повреда.

Question 50Administrative Law and Administrative Procedure

Странката пропуштила рок за жалба поради виша сила, а рокот истекол пред да може да поднесе жалба. Кое правно средство ѝ стоји на располагање?

  1. Барање за помилување
  2. Предлог за измена на решението по службена должност
  3. Барање за враќање во претходна состојба Correct answer.
  4. Тужба за ништовност на решението

Explanation

Кога странката го пропуштила рокот од оправдани причини, како виша сила, може да бара враќање во претходна состојба за да го оствари пропуштеното процесно дејство. Ова е вонредно правно средство што ја штити од последиците на објективна пречка. Тужбата за ништовност не е наменета за пропуштен рок.