Accident procedures, first aid and emergency response
What this domain tests
Accident procedures test the first minutes after a crash: protecting the scene, calling for help, assessing casualties and giving basic first aid without making injuries worse. The exam expects a calm sequence, not heroics.
Core rules
- Stop, switch off engines, switch on hazard lights and place a warning triangle if it is safe. Move casualties only if there is immediate danger such as fire.
- Call emergency services. In Myanmar, key numbers include 199 for police, 191 for fire and 192 for ambulance.
- Use DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Check for response and breathing; if absent and you are trained, start CPR.
- Control bleeding with firm direct pressure and a clean dressing. Do not remove a helmet from a motorcyclist unless the airway is at risk and you are trained.
- Keep casualties warm, still and reassured. Do not give food or drink.
- Exchange details and report the collision to police.
Worked example
A motorcyclist is unconscious after a collision but is breathing. You should not pull off the helmet, sit the rider up or give water. Protect the scene, call 192 and 199, check the airway and breathing, control any bleeding, and keep the rider still until help arrives. Removing the helmet can worsen a neck injury.
Traps
- Moving an injured person to make them comfortable.
- Removing a helmet as a first step.
- Giving water to a shocked casualty.
- Crowding the casualty and blocking rescuers.
- Leaving the scene before details are exchanged.