Occupational safety, health, and fire safety on site
Occupational safety, health, and fire safety on site
This domain tests site risk control: falls, scaffolding, excavations, lifting, electrical work, hazardous substances, fire prevention and emergency response. Mongolian occupational safety law requires a safe system of work, training, PPE and incident reporting; the exam favours engineered controls over slogans.
Core rules
- Follow the hierarchy of control: eliminate, substitute, engineer, administrate, then PPE. PPE is the last line, not the only line.
- Excavations need support or safe battering, edge protection, access and inspection; never enter an unsupported deep trench.
- Scaffolds need design, competent erection, ties, guardrails, toe boards and inspection tags.
- Hot work needs a permit, fire watch, clear combustibles and suitable extinguishers.
- Keep escape routes and fire access clear; store flammable liquids separately.
Worked example A 2.5 m deep trench in loose sand is proposed next to a site wall, with groundwater seeping in. Reasoning: this is a confined-space and collapse hazard. The safe sequence is to classify the soil, divert or dewater groundwater, install a designed shoring or trench box, provide ladders, edge protection and barrier fencing, and test for oxygen or hazardous gas before entry. A worker must not enter just because the trench “looks stable” after overnight rain; the supervisor needs a daily inspection and a permit system.
Traps that cost marks
- Treating PPE as sufficient protection against trench collapse.
- Allowing hot work without a permit or fire watch.
- Using a scaffold without ties or inspection.
- Leaving excavation edges unguarded and access by ladder missing.