Minnesota DMV Permit Test cheat sheet

Eight-sided red sign = STOP; inverted triangle = YIELD; both require a full stop or give-way based on traffic.

Sign colors: yellow warns of conditions ahead, orange marks work zones, white is regulatory, fluorescent yellow-green marks school/pedestrian zones.

Solid yellow center line: passing allowed only if broken yellow is on your side; double solid yellow means no passing either direction.

Broken white lines separate lanes moving the same direction; solid white marks the right edge or a no-cross shoulder boundary.

A steady red arrow means stop and remain stopped for that movement; a flashing red arrow is treated as a stop sign for that lane.

Flashing yellow signal = proceed with caution; flashing red = stop, then proceed when clear. A dark signal is treated as a stop sign.

Railroad crossbuck (X-shaped) signs mark a passive crossing; a white crossbuck means yield to trains, and a yellow circular advance sign warns ahead.

A red X over a lane means that lane is closed; a green arrow over a lane means the lane is open in that direction.

At an uncontrolled intersection, the first vehicle to arrive proceeds first; if two arrive together, the vehicle on the right has the right-of-way.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right.

At a four-way stop, vehicles proceed in arrival order; simultaneous arrivals yield to the vehicle on the right.

When entering a roadway from a driveway, alley, or parking lot, you must yield to all traffic already on the road.

Pedestrians in a marked or unmarked crosswalk have the right-of-way; drivers must stop and remain stopped until they clear the lane.

Yield to emergency vehicles using lights and sirens by pulling to the right and stopping until they pass.

A roundabout requires yielding to traffic already circulating inside the circle before entering.

A left turn on red is permitted only from a one-way street onto another one-way street, after a full stop, unless a sign prohibits it.

Minnesota default limits: 30 mph in urban districts, 55 mph on other roads unless posted otherwise, 10 mph in alleys.

Minnesota daytime speed limit on unposted rural interstate highways is 65 mph; posted limits override defaults.

School zone speed limit when children are present is 20 mph unless otherwise posted.

The three-second rule: pick a fixed object, count seconds until you reach it - less than three seconds means following too closely.

Add one second of following distance for each adverse condition (rain, ice, darkness, heavy load) beyond the base three seconds.

Stopping distance = perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance; total distance grows with the square of speed.

Never drive at a speed that is faster than is reasonable for existing conditions, even if below the posted limit.

Minnesota law requires drivers to give bicyclists at least 3 feet of clearance when passing.

Motorcycles are entitled to a full lane; do not share the lane or pass within the same lane.

When passing a school bus with red lights flashing and stop arm extended, stop at least 20 feet away in both directions unless separated by a median.

Large trucks have wide blind spots (No-Zones) on both sides, behind, and in front; if you cannot see the driver's mirror, they cannot see you.

Pedestrians using a white cane or guide dog always have the right-of-way; drivers must stop and yield.

When a pedestrian is in a crosswalk, drivers must stop and remain stopped until the pedestrian has cleared the lane.

Slow-moving vehicles display an orange triangle; reduce speed and pass only when safe.

Move over a lane, or slow down if a lane change is unsafe, for stopped emergency, tow, or maintenance vehicles with lights flashing.

Minnesota's per se DWI limit is 0.08% BAC for drivers 21 and older; 0.04% for commercial vehicle drivers.

Minnesota has a zero-tolerance law: any measurable alcohol (0.00%+) for drivers under 21 is a DWI.

A DWI conviction carries license revocation of at least 90 days for a first offense; test refusal results in longer revocation.

Implied consent law: by driving in Minnesota, you consent to a chemical test if lawfully arrested for DWI.

Hands-free law: it is illegal to hold a phone while driving except for one-touch or voice-activated use; texting while driving is prohibited.

Open bottle law: it is illegal to have an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle.

Impairment begins below 0.08% BAC - judgment, reaction time, and coordination are affected before legal limits are reached.

Distracted driving includes eating, grooming, and interacting with devices; any activity that takes eyes, hands, or mind off driving increases crash risk.

Parking is prohibited within 10 feet of a fire hydrant, 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection, and 30 feet of a stop sign or traffic signal.

Parking is prohibited within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing.

Park at least 20 feet from a fire station driveway on the same side and 75 feet on the opposite side.

When parallel parking on a two-way street, the right wheels must be within 12 inches of the curb.

When parking uphill with a curb, turn the front wheels away from the curb; downhill with a curb, turn wheels toward the curb.

When parking uphill or downhill without a curb, turn the front wheels toward the edge of the road.

Before backing, check behind the vehicle and use mirrors; backing is permitted only when it can be done safely.

Do not park in a space designated for persons with disabilities without a valid permit; fines and towing may apply.

Approach a railroad crossing prepared to stop; stop no closer than 15 feet and no farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail when a train is approaching.

Never stop on railroad tracks; wait until there is room to fully clear the tracks on the far side.

A train moving at 55 mph can take a mile or more to stop; never attempt to beat a train.

If your vehicle stalls on the tracks, get everyone out and move away from the tracks, then call for help.

When driving in fog, use low-beam headlights; high beams reflect off the fog and reduce visibility.

On ice or snow, brake gently and steer smoothly; increase following distance and avoid sudden maneuvers.

If you begin to skid, ease off the accelerator and steer in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

In a work zone, slow to the posted limit, increase following distance, and obey flaggers; fines are increased in work zones.

Seat belts are required for the driver and all passengers; children under 8 and under 57 inches tall must use an approved child restraint.

Children under 13 should ride in the back seat; a rear-facing car seat is required for children under 2 unless they exceed the seat's height/weight limit.

Headlights must be on from sunset to sunrise and whenever visibility is reduced; low beams are required in fog or when meeting oncoming traffic.

Turn signals must be given at least 100 feet before a turn in urban areas and 200 feet on highways.

Brakes, lights, horn, mirrors, and tires must be in working order; defective equipment can result in a citation.

A motorcyclist and passenger must wear a DOT-approved helmet while riding in Minnesota.

Tire tread depth must meet the minimum to maintain traction; worn tires increase stopping distance and hydroplaning risk.

Use hazard lights only to warn others of a problem or when your vehicle is a hazard, not while driving normally.

Minnesota issues a learner's permit at age 15 after passing a knowledge test; a provisional license is available at 16 after meeting requirements.

Provisional license holders under 18 may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. except for work, school, or emergencies.

Provisional license holders under 18 may carry only one passenger under 20 who is not a family member during the first six months.

A driver's license must be carried when driving and presented to a peace officer on request.

A license is revoked or suspended for DWI, accumulating too many points, or failing to appear in court.

Minnesota uses a point system: certain moving violations add points, and reaching a threshold results in suspension.

You must notify the DVS of a change of address within 30 days of moving.

A driver must report a crash to police if it results in injury, death, or property damage above the statutory threshold.

Red octagon = STOP; red inverted triangle = YIELD; both require a full stop or yield based on cross traffic.

Yellow signs warn of conditions ahead; orange marks work zones; white signs are regulatory; fluorescent yellow-green marks school and pedestrian zones.

Solid yellow center lines mean no passing; broken yellow on your side permits passing when safe.

Broken white lines separate same-direction lanes; solid white lines mark the right edge or no-cross boundaries.

Steady red arrow means stop for that movement; flashing red arrow is treated as a stop sign for that lane.

Flashing yellow signal = proceed with caution; flashing red = stop, then proceed when clear; a dark signal is treated as a stop sign.

A railroad crossbuck marks a passive crossing; a yellow circular advance sign warns of a crossing ahead.

A red X over a lane means the lane is closed; a green arrow over a lane means it is open in that direction.

At an uncontrolled intersection, the first vehicle to arrive proceeds first; if two arrive together, the vehicle on the right has the right-of-way.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right.

At a four-way stop, vehicles proceed in arrival order; simultaneous arrivals yield to the vehicle on the right.

Entering a roadway from a driveway, alley, or parking lot requires yielding to all traffic already on the road.

Pedestrians in a marked or unmarked crosswalk have the right-of-way; drivers must stop until they clear the lane.

Yield to emergency vehicles using lights and sirens by pulling to the right and stopping until they pass.

A roundabout requires yielding to traffic already circulating inside the circle before entering.

A left turn on red is permitted only from a one-way street onto another one-way street, after a full stop, unless a sign prohibits it.

Minnesota default limits: 30 mph in urban districts, 55 mph on other roads unless posted otherwise, 10 mph in alleys.

Minnesota daytime speed limit on unposted rural interstate highways is 65 mph; posted limits override defaults.

School zone speed limit when children are present is 20 mph unless otherwise posted.

Three-second rule: pick a fixed object, count seconds until you reach it; less than three seconds means following too closely.

Add one second of following distance for each adverse condition (rain, ice, darkness, heavy load) beyond the base three seconds.

Stopping distance = perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance; total distance grows with the square of speed.

Never drive faster than is reasonable for existing conditions, even if below the posted limit.

Minnesota law requires drivers to give bicyclists at least 3 feet of clearance when passing.

Motorcycles are entitled to a full lane; do not share the lane or pass within the same lane.

When passing a school bus with red lights flashing and stop arm extended, stop at least 20 feet away in both directions unless separated by a median.

Large trucks have wide blind spots on both sides, behind, and in front; if you cannot see the driver's mirror, they cannot see you.

Pedestrians using a white cane or guide dog always have the right-of-way; drivers must stop and yield.

When a pedestrian is in a crosswalk, drivers must stop and remain stopped until the pedestrian has cleared the lane.

Slow-moving vehicles display an orange triangle; reduce speed and pass only when safe.

Move over a lane, or slow down if a lane change is unsafe, for stopped emergency, tow, or maintenance vehicles with lights flashing.

Minnesota's per se DWI limit is 0.08% BAC for drivers 21 and older; 0.04% for commercial vehicle drivers.

Minnesota has a zero-tolerance law: any measurable alcohol (0.00%+) for drivers under 21 is a DWI.

A DWI conviction carries license revocation of at least 90 days for a first offense; test refusal results in longer revocation.

Implied consent law: by driving in Minnesota, you consent to a chemical test if lawfully arrested for DWI.

Hands-free law: it is illegal to hold a phone while driving except for one-touch or voice-activated use; texting while driving is prohibited.

Open bottle law: it is illegal to have an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle.

Impairment begins below 0.08% BAC; judgment, reaction time, and coordination are affected before legal limits are reached.

Distracted driving includes eating, grooming, and interacting with devices; any activity that takes eyes, hands, or mind off driving increases crash risk.

Parking is prohibited within 10 feet of a fire hydrant, 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection, and 30 feet of a stop sign or traffic signal.

Parking is prohibited within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing.

Park at least 20 feet from a fire station driveway on the same side and 75 feet on the opposite side.

When parallel parking on a two-way street, the right wheels must be within 12 inches of the curb.

When parking uphill with a curb, turn the front wheels away from the curb; downhill with a curb, turn wheels toward the curb.

When parking uphill or downhill without a curb, turn the front wheels toward the edge of the road.

Before backing, check behind the vehicle and use mirrors; backing is permitted only when it can be done safely.

Do not park in a space designated for persons with disabilities without a valid permit; fines and towing may apply.

Approach a railroad crossing prepared to stop; stop no closer than 15 feet and no farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail when a train is approaching.

Never stop on railroad tracks; wait until there is room to fully clear the tracks on the far side.

A train moving at 55 mph can take a mile or more to stop; never attempt to beat a train.

If your vehicle stalls on the tracks, get everyone out and move away from the tracks, then call for help.

When driving in fog, use low-beam headlights; high beams reflect off the fog and reduce visibility.

On ice or snow, brake gently and steer smoothly; increase following distance and avoid sudden maneuvers.

If you begin to skid, ease off the accelerator and steer in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

In a work zone, slow to the posted limit, increase following distance, and obey flaggers; fines are increased in work zones.

Seat belts are required for the driver and all passengers; children under 8 and under 57 inches tall must use an approved child restraint.

Children under 13 should ride in the back seat; a rear-facing car seat is required for children under 2 unless they exceed the seat's height/weight limit.

Headlights must be on from sunset to sunrise and whenever visibility is reduced; low beams are required in fog or when meeting oncoming traffic.

Turn signals must be given at least 100 feet before a turn in urban areas and 200 feet on highways.

Brakes, lights, horn, mirrors, and tires must be in working order; defective equipment can result in a citation.

A motorcyclist and passenger must wear a DOT-approved helmet while riding in Minnesota.

Tire tread depth must meet the minimum to maintain traction; worn tires increase stopping distance and hydroplaning risk.

Use hazard lights only to warn others of a problem or when your vehicle is a hazard, not while driving normally.

Minnesota issues a learner's permit at age 15 after passing a knowledge test; a provisional license is available at 16 after meeting requirements.

Provisional license holders under 18 may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. except for work, school, or emergencies.

Provisional license holders under 18 may carry only one passenger under 20 who is not a family member during the first six months.

A driver's license must be carried when driving and presented to a peace officer on request.

A license is revoked or suspended for DWI, accumulating too many points, or failing to appear in court.

Minnesota uses a point system: certain moving violations add points, and reaching a threshold results in suspension.

You must notify the DVS of a change of address within 30 days of moving.

A driver must report a crash to police if it results in injury, death, or property damage above the statutory threshold.

Red octagon = STOP; red inverted triangle = YIELD; both require a full stop or yield based on cross traffic.

Yellow signs warn of conditions ahead; orange marks work zones; white signs are regulatory; fluorescent yellow-green marks school and pedestrian zones.

Solid yellow center lines mean no passing; broken yellow on your side permits passing when safe.

Broken white lines separate same-direction lanes; solid white lines mark the right edge or no-cross boundaries.

Steady red arrow means stop for that movement; flashing red arrow is treated as a stop sign for that lane.

Flashing yellow signal = proceed with caution; flashing red = stop, then proceed when clear; a dark signal is treated as a stop sign.

A railroad crossbuck marks a passive crossing; a yellow circular advance sign warns of a crossing ahead.

A red X over a lane means the lane is closed; a green arrow over a lane means it is open in that direction.

At an uncontrolled intersection, the first vehicle to arrive proceeds first; if two arrive together, the vehicle on the right has the right-of-way.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right.

At a four-way stop, vehicles proceed in arrival order; simultaneous arrivals yield to the vehicle on the right.

Entering a roadway from a driveway, alley, or parking lot requires yielding to all traffic already on the road.

Pedestrians in a marked or unmarked crosswalk have the right-of-way; drivers must stop until they clear the lane.

Yield to emergency vehicles using lights and sirens by pulling to the right and stopping until they pass.

A roundabout requires yielding to traffic already circulating inside the circle before entering.

A left turn on red is permitted only from a one-way street onto another one-way street, after a full stop, unless a sign prohibits it.

Minnesota default limits: 30 mph in urban districts, 55 mph on other roads unless posted otherwise, 10 mph in alleys.

Minnesota daytime speed limit on unposted rural interstate highways is 65 mph; posted limits override defaults.

School zone speed limit when children are present is 20 mph unless otherwise posted.

Three-second rule: pick a fixed object, count seconds until you reach it; less than three seconds means following too closely.

Add one second of following distance for each adverse condition (rain, ice, darkness, heavy load) beyond the base three seconds.

Stopping distance = perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance; total distance grows with the square of speed.

Never drive faster than is reasonable for existing conditions, even if below the posted limit.

Minnesota law requires drivers to give bicyclists at least 3 feet of clearance when passing.

Motorcycles are entitled to a full lane; do not share the lane or pass within the same lane.

When passing a school bus with red lights flashing and stop arm extended, stop at least 20 feet away in both directions unless separated by a median.

Large trucks have wide blind spots on both sides, behind, and in front; if you cannot see the driver's mirror, they cannot see you.

Pedestrians using a white cane or guide dog always have the right-of-way; drivers must stop and yield.

When a pedestrian is in a crosswalk, drivers must stop and remain stopped until the pedestrian has cleared the lane.

Slow-moving vehicles display an orange triangle; reduce speed and pass only when safe.

Move over a lane, or slow down if a lane change is unsafe, for stopped emergency, tow, or maintenance vehicles with lights flashing.

Minnesota's per se DWI limit is 0.08% BAC for drivers 21 and older; 0.04% for commercial vehicle drivers.

Minnesota has a zero-tolerance law: any measurable alcohol (0.00%+) for drivers under 21 is a DWI.

A DWI conviction carries license revocation of at least 90 days for a first offense; test refusal results in longer revocation.

Implied consent law: by driving in Minnesota, you consent to a chemical test if lawfully arrested for DWI.

Hands-free law: it is illegal to hold a phone while driving except for one-touch or voice-activated use; texting while driving is prohibited.

Open bottle law: it is illegal to have an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle.

Impairment begins below 0.08% BAC; judgment, reaction time, and coordination are affected before legal limits are reached.

Distracted driving includes eating, grooming, and interacting with devices; any activity that takes eyes, hands, or mind off driving increases crash risk.

Parking is prohibited within 10 feet of a fire hydrant, 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection, and 30 feet of a stop sign or traffic signal.

Parking is prohibited within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing.

Park at least 20 feet from a fire station driveway on the same side and 75 feet on the opposite side.

When parallel parking on a two-way street, the right wheels must be within 12 inches of the curb.

When parking uphill with a curb, turn the front wheels away from the curb; downhill with a curb, turn wheels toward the curb.

When parking uphill or downhill without a curb, turn the front wheels toward the edge of the road.

Before backing, check behind the vehicle and use mirrors; backing is permitted only when it can be done safely.

Do not park in a space designated for persons with disabilities without a valid permit; fines and towing may apply.

Approach a railroad crossing prepared to stop; stop no closer than 15 feet and no farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail when a train is approaching.

Never stop on railroad tracks; wait until there is room to fully clear the tracks on the far side.

A train moving at 55 mph can take a mile or more to stop; never attempt to beat a train.

If your vehicle stalls on the tracks, get everyone out and move away from the tracks, then call for help.

When driving in fog, use low-beam headlights; high beams reflect off the fog and reduce visibility.

On ice or snow, brake gently and steer smoothly; increase following distance and avoid sudden maneuvers.

If you begin to skid, ease off the accelerator and steer in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

In a work zone, slow to the posted limit, increase following distance, and obey flaggers; fines are increased in work zones.

Seat belts are required for the driver and all passengers; children under 8 and under 57 inches tall must use an approved child restraint.

Children under 13 should ride in the back seat; a rear-facing car seat is required for children under 2 unless they exceed the seat's height/weight limit.

Headlights must be on from sunset to sunrise and whenever visibility is reduced; low beams are required in fog or when meeting oncoming traffic.

Turn signals must be given at least 100 feet before a turn in urban areas and 200 feet on highways.

Brakes, lights, horn, mirrors, and tires must be in working order; defective equipment can result in a citation.

A motorcyclist and passenger must wear a DOT-approved helmet while riding in Minnesota.

Tire tread depth must meet the minimum to maintain traction; worn tires increase stopping distance and hydroplaning risk.

Use hazard lights only to warn others of a problem or when your vehicle is a hazard, not while driving normally.

Minnesota issues a learner's permit at age 15 after passing a knowledge test; a provisional license is available at 16 after meeting requirements.

Provisional license holders under 18 may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. except for work, school, or emergencies.

Provisional license holders under 18 may carry only one passenger under 20 who is not a family member during the first six months.

A driver's license must be carried when driving and presented to a peace officer on request.

A license is revoked or suspended for DWI, accumulating too many points, or failing to appear in court.

Minnesota uses a point system: certain moving violations add points, and reaching a threshold results in suspension.

You must notify the DVS of a change of address within 30 days of moving.

A driver must report a crash to police if it results in injury, death, or property damage above the statutory threshold.

Red octagon = STOP; red inverted triangle = YIELD; both require a full stop or yield based on cross traffic.

Yellow signs warn of conditions ahead; orange marks work zones; white signs are regulatory; fluorescent yellow-green marks school and pedestrian zones.

Solid yellow center lines mean no passing; broken yellow on your side permits passing when safe.

Broken white lines separate same-direction lanes; solid white lines mark the right edge or no-cross boundaries.

Steady red arrow means stop for that movement; flashing red arrow is treated as a stop sign for that lane.

Flashing yellow signal = proceed with caution; flashing red = stop, then proceed when clear; a dark signal is treated as a stop sign.

A railroad crossbuck marks a passive crossing; a yellow circular advance sign warns of a crossing ahead.

A red X over a lane means the lane is closed; a green arrow over a lane means it is open in that direction.

At an uncontrolled intersection, the first vehicle to arrive proceeds first; if two arrive together, the vehicle on the right has the right-of-way.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right.

At a four-way stop, vehicles proceed in arrival order; simultaneous arrivals yield to the vehicle on the right.

Entering a roadway from a driveway, alley, or parking lot requires yielding to all traffic already on the road.

Pedestrians in a marked or unmarked crosswalk have the right-of-way; drivers must stop until they clear the lane.

Yield to emergency vehicles using lights and sirens by pulling to the right and stopping until they pass.

A roundabout requires yielding to traffic already circulating inside the circle before entering.

A left turn on red is permitted only from a one-way street onto another one-way street, after a full stop, unless a sign prohibits it.

Minnesota default limits: 30 mph in urban districts, 55 mph on other roads unless posted otherwise, 10 mph in alleys.

Minnesota daytime speed limit on unposted rural interstate highways is 65 mph; posted limits override defaults.

School zone speed limit when children are present is 20 mph unless otherwise posted.

Three-second rule: pick a fixed object, count seconds until you reach it; less than three seconds means following too closely.

Add one second of following distance for each adverse condition (rain, ice, darkness, heavy load) beyond the base three seconds.

Stopping distance = perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance; total distance grows with the square of speed.

Never drive faster than is reasonable for existing conditions, even if below the posted limit.

Minnesota law requires drivers to give bicyclists at least 3 feet of clearance when passing.

Motorcycles are entitled to a full lane; do not share the lane or pass within the same lane.

When passing a school bus with red lights flashing and stop arm extended, stop at least 20 feet away in both directions unless separated by a median.

Large trucks have wide blind spots on both sides, behind, and in front; if you cannot see the driver's mirror, they cannot see you.

Pedestrians using a white cane or guide dog always have the right-of-way; drivers must stop and yield.

When a pedestrian is in a crosswalk, drivers must stop and remain stopped until the pedestrian has cleared the lane.

Slow-moving vehicles display an orange triangle; reduce speed and pass only when safe.

Move over a lane, or slow down if a lane change is unsafe, for stopped emergency, tow, or maintenance vehicles with lights flashing.

Minnesota's per se DWI limit is 0.08% BAC for drivers 21 and older; 0.04% for commercial vehicle drivers.

Minnesota has a zero-tolerance law: any measurable alcohol (0.00%+) for drivers under 21 is a DWI.

A DWI conviction carries license revocation of at least 90 days for a first offense; test refusal results in longer revocation.

Implied consent law: by driving in Minnesota, you consent to a chemical test if lawfully arrested for DWI.

Hands-free law: it is illegal to hold a phone while driving except for one-touch or voice-activated use; texting while driving is prohibited.

Open bottle law: it is illegal to have an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle.

Impairment begins below 0.08% BAC; judgment, reaction time, and coordination are affected before legal limits are reached.

Distracted driving includes eating, grooming, and interacting with devices; any activity that takes eyes, hands, or mind off driving increases crash risk.

Parking is prohibited within 10 feet of a fire hydrant, 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection, and 30 feet of a stop sign or traffic signal.

Parking is prohibited within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing.

Park at least 20 feet from a fire station driveway on the same side and 75 feet on the opposite side.

When parallel parking on a two-way street, the right wheels must be within 12 inches of the curb.

When parking uphill with a curb, turn the front wheels away from the curb; downhill with a curb, turn wheels toward the curb.

When parking uphill or downhill without a curb, turn the front wheels toward the edge of the road.

Before backing, check behind the vehicle and use mirrors; backing is permitted only when it can be done safely.

Do not park in a space designated for persons with disabilities without a valid permit; fines and towing may apply.

Approach a railroad crossing prepared to stop; stop no closer than 15 feet and no farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail when a train is approaching.

Never stop on railroad tracks; wait until there is room to fully clear the tracks on the far side.

A train moving at 55 mph can take a mile or more to stop; never attempt to beat a train.

If your vehicle stalls on the tracks, get everyone out and move away from the tracks, then call for help.

When driving in fog, use low-beam headlights; high beams reflect off the fog and reduce visibility.

On ice or snow, brake gently and steer smoothly; increase following distance and avoid sudden maneuvers.

If you begin to skid, ease off the accelerator and steer in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

In a work zone, slow to the posted limit, increase following distance, and obey flaggers; fines are increased in work zones.

Seat belts are required for the driver and all passengers; children under 8 and under 57 inches tall must use an approved child restraint.

Children under 13 should ride in the back seat; a rear-facing car seat is required for children under 2 unless they exceed the seat's height/weight limit.

Headlights must be on from sunset to sunrise and whenever visibility is reduced; low beams are required in fog or when meeting oncoming traffic.

Turn signals must be given at least 100 feet before a turn in urban areas and 200 feet on highways.

Brakes, lights, horn, mirrors, and tires must be in working order; defective equipment can result in a citation.

A motorcyclist and passenger must wear a DOT-approved helmet while riding in Minnesota.

Tire tread depth must meet the minimum to maintain traction; worn tires increase stopping distance and hydroplaning risk.

Use hazard lights only to warn others of a problem or when your vehicle is a hazard, not while driving normally.

Minnesota issues a learner's permit at age 15 after passing a knowledge test; a provisional license is available at 16 after meeting requirements.

Provisional license holders under 18 may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. except for work, school, or emergencies.

Provisional license holders under 18 may carry only one passenger under 20 who is not a family member during the first six months.

A driver's license must be carried when driving and presented to a peace officer on request.

A license is revoked or suspended for DWI, accumulating too many points, or failing to appear in court.

Minnesota uses a point system: certain moving violations add points, and reaching a threshold results in suspension.

You must notify the DVS of a change of address within 30 days of moving.

A driver must report a crash to police if it results in injury, death, or property damage above the statutory threshold.

Red octagon = STOP; red inverted triangle = YIELD; both require a full stop or yield based on cross traffic.

Yellow signs warn of conditions ahead; orange marks work zones; white signs are regulatory; fluorescent yellow-green marks school and pedestrian zones.

Solid yellow center lines mean no passing; broken yellow on your side permits passing when safe.

Broken white lines separate same-direction lanes; solid white lines mark the right edge or no-cross boundaries.

Steady red arrow means stop for that movement; flashing red arrow is treated as a stop sign for that lane.

Flashing yellow signal = proceed with caution; flashing red = stop, then proceed when clear; a dark signal is treated as a stop sign.

A railroad crossbuck marks a passive crossing; a yellow circular advance sign warns of a crossing ahead.

A red X over a lane means the lane is closed; a green arrow over a lane means it is open in that direction.

At an uncontrolled intersection, the first vehicle to arrive proceeds first; if two arrive together, the vehicle on the right has the right-of-way.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right.

At a four-way stop, vehicles proceed in arrival order; simultaneous arrivals yield to the vehicle on the right.

Entering a roadway from a driveway, alley, or parking lot requires yielding to all traffic already on the road.

Pedestrians in a marked or unmarked crosswalk have the right-of-way; drivers must stop until they clear the lane.

Yield to emergency vehicles using lights and sirens by pulling to the right and stopping until they pass.

A roundabout requires yielding to traffic already circulating inside the circle before entering.

A left turn on red is permitted only from a one-way street onto another one-way street, after a full stop, unless a sign prohibits it.

Minnesota default limits: 30 mph in urban districts, 55 mph on other roads unless posted otherwise, 10 mph in alleys.

Minnesota daytime speed limit on unposted rural interstate highways is 65 mph; posted limits override defaults.

School zone speed limit when children are present is 20 mph unless otherwise posted.

Three-second rule: pick a fixed object, count seconds until you reach it; less than three seconds means following too closely.

Add one second of following distance for each adverse condition (rain, ice, darkness, heavy load) beyond the base three seconds.

Stopping distance = perception distance + reaction distance + braking distance; total distance grows with the square of speed.

Never drive faster than is reasonable for existing conditions, even if below the posted limit.

Minnesota law requires drivers to give bicyclists at least 3 feet of clearance when passing.

Motorcycles are entitled to a full lane; do not share the lane or pass within the same lane.

When passing a school bus with red lights flashing and stop arm extended, stop at least 20 feet away in both directions unless separated by a median.

Large trucks have wide blind spots on both sides, behind, and in front; if you cannot see the driver's mirror, they cannot see you.

Pedestrians using a white cane or guide dog always have the right-of-way; drivers must stop and yield.

When a pedestrian is in a crosswalk, drivers must stop and remain stopped until the pedestrian has cleared the lane.

Slow-moving vehicles display an orange triangle; reduce speed and pass only when safe.

Move over a lane, or slow down if a lane change is unsafe, for stopped emergency, tow, or maintenance vehicles with lights flashing.

Minnesota's per se DWI limit is 0.08% BAC for drivers 21 and older; 0.04% for commercial vehicle drivers.

Minnesota has a zero-tolerance law: any measurable alcohol (0.00%+) for drivers under 21 is a DWI.

A DWI conviction carries license revocation of at least 90 days for a first offense; test refusal results in longer revocation.

Implied consent law: by driving in Minnesota, you consent to a chemical test if lawfully arrested for DWI.

Hands-free law: it is illegal to hold a phone while driving except for one-touch or voice-activated use; texting while driving is prohibited.

Open bottle law: it is illegal to have an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle.

Impairment begins below 0.08% BAC; judgment, reaction time, and coordination are affected before legal limits are reached.

Distracted driving includes eating, grooming, and interacting with devices; any activity that takes eyes, hands, or mind off driving increases crash risk.

Parking is prohibited within 10 feet of a fire hydrant, 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection, and 30 feet of a stop sign or traffic signal.

Parking is prohibited within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing.

Park at least 20 feet from a fire station driveway on the same side and 75 feet on the opposite side.

When parallel parking on a two-way street, the right wheels must be within 12 inches of the curb.

When parking uphill with a curb, turn the front wheels away from the curb; downhill with a curb, turn wheels toward the curb.

When parking uphill or downhill without a curb, turn the front wheels toward the edge of the road.

Before backing, check behind the vehicle and use mirrors; backing is permitted only when it can be done safely.

Do not park in a space designated for persons with disabilities without a valid permit; fines and towing may apply.

Approach a railroad crossing prepared to stop; stop no closer than 15 feet and no farther than 50 feet from the nearest rail when a train is approaching.

Never stop on railroad tracks; wait until there is room to fully clear the tracks on the far side.

A train moving at 55 mph can take a mile or more to stop; never attempt to beat a train.

If your vehicle stalls on the tracks, get everyone out and move away from the tracks, then call for help.

When driving in fog, use low-beam headlights; high beams reflect off the fog and reduce visibility.

On ice or snow, brake gently and steer smoothly; increase following distance and avoid sudden maneuvers.

If you begin to skid, ease off the accelerator and steer in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

In a work zone, slow to the posted limit, increase following distance, and obey flaggers; fines are increased in work zones.

Seat belts are required for the driver and all passengers; children under 8 and under 57 inches tall must use an approved child restraint.

Children under 13 should ride in the back seat; a rear-facing car seat is required for children under 2 unless they exceed the seat's height/weight limit.

Headlights must be on from sunset to sunrise and whenever visibility is reduced; low beams are required in fog or when meeting oncoming traffic.

Turn signals must be given at least 100 feet before a turn in urban areas and 200 feet on highways.

Brakes, lights, horn, mirrors, and tires must be in working order; defective equipment can result in a citation.

A motorcyclist and passenger must wear a DOT-approved helmet while riding in Minnesota.

Tire tread depth must meet the minimum to maintain traction; worn tires increase stopping distance and hydroplaning risk.

Use hazard lights only to warn others of a problem or when your vehicle is a hazard, not while driving normally.

Minnesota issues a learner's permit at age 15 after passing a knowledge test; a provisional license is available at 16 after meeting requirements.

Provisional license holders under 18 may not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. except for work, school, or emergencies.

Provisional license holders under 18 may carry only one passenger under 20 who is not a family member during the first six months.

A driver's license must be carried when driving and presented to a peace officer on request.

A license is revoked or suspended for DWI, accumulating too many points, or failing to appear in court.

Minnesota uses a point system: certain moving violations add points, and reaching a threshold results in suspension.

You must notify the DVS of a change of address within 30 days of moving.

A driver must report a crash to police if it results in injury, death, or property damage above the statutory threshold.