MO Pesticide Applicator flashcards
MO Pesticide Applicator · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Signal word
- A word on the front panel of a pesticide label that ranks acute toxicity: DANGER-POISON, DANGER, WARNING, or CAUTION. It tells the applicator how toxic the product is and what precautions are needed.
- Restricted-entry interval
- The minimum time after a pesticide application before workers may enter the treated area without label-required PPE. Early entry requires the label's early-entry PPE and, for many labels, additional training.
- Economic threshold
- The pest density at which the cost of control equals the value of crop loss prevented. Treating at threshold rather than at first sighting avoids unnecessary applications and delays resistance.
- Pre-harvest interval
- The minimum number of days between the last pesticide application and harvest of the crop. It is product- and crop-specific, appears on the label, and must never be shortened.
- Withdrawal time
- The minimum interval between the last pesticide application to a food animal and slaughter or sale of milk or eggs. It prevents illegal residues and is specific to product and species.
- Horn fly threshold
- Roughly 200 horn flies per animal side is the economic threshold for treatment. Stable fly and face fly thresholds differ, so identify the species before choosing a product.
- Oak wilt control
- Oak wilt spreads by root grafts and sap-feeding beetles. Control includes severing root grafts, avoiding spring pruning, and promptly removing infected trees to reduce beetle attraction.
- Verbenone
- An anti-aggregation pheromone used in bark beetle management. It signals that a tree is already occupied, discouraging new beetle attacks and reducing the need for broad-spectrum sprays.
- Preemergence herbicide
- A herbicide applied before weed seeds germinate, forming a soil barrier that kills seedlings as they emerge. Timing is critical; application after germination gives little control.
- FRAC group rotation
- Rotating fungicides by their FRAC mode-of-action group prevents or delays resistance. Repeated use of a single group selects resistant pathogen strains, so programs alternate effective groups.
- Treated seed
- Seed coated with pesticide and colored with dye to signal it is treated. It must be labeled and must never be used for food, feed, or oil, and leftover seed requires proper disposal.
- Seed treatment rate
- The labeled amount of product per 100 pounds of seed or per acre at a given seeding rate. Calibrate the treater to deliver it uniformly across the seed lot.
- Dissolved oxygen depletion
- A fish-kill risk when large areas of aquatic vegetation are treated at once. Decaying plants consume oxygen, so treat in sections and monitor oxygen levels.
- Aquatic permit
- Missouri requires a Department of Natural Resources permit before applying pesticides to waters of the state. Apply only after the permit is issued and follow its conditions.
- Sewer root foam
- A herbicide foam applied into sewer lines to contact roots along the pipe wall. It limits the volume of product entering the collection system and downstream treatment plant.
- Confined-space entry
- Sewer work requires confined-space procedures because of sewer gas and chemical vapors. Workers use ventilation, monitoring, and respiratory protection when specified.
- Cut-stump treatment
- A right-of-way method that applies herbicide to freshly cut cambium or the lower stem of woody plants. The product translocates into roots to prevent resprouting.
- Bare-ground herbicide
- A soil-residual herbicide used on rights-of-way to keep vegetation from establishing. It is applied to the ground surface and persists to prevent weed emergence.
- Tamper-resistant bait station
- A secured enclosure that holds rodenticide and prevents access by children, pets, and nontarget wildlife. Placement must follow the label and be secured in the treated area.
- Crack-and-crevice application
- A targeted indoor treatment that places pesticide into cracks, voids, and crevices where pests harbor. It reduces exposure risk compared with broadcast sprays.
- Termite soil barrier
- A continuous application of liquid termiticide around and under a structure. Labeled concentration and rate per linear foot and per square foot must be followed exactly.
- Termite bait station
- A monitoring station containing slow-acting toxicant that termites carry back to the colony. Efficacy depends on proper placement and regular inspection and maintenance.
- Fumigation management plan
- A written plan required by many fumigant labels that describes the site, sealing, application rate, monitoring, and safety procedures. It guides the certified fumigator and crew.
- Aeration and clearance
- After fumigation, the space is ventilated and monitored until gas levels meet label clearance requirements. Re-entry is allowed only after clearance is confirmed.
- Worker Protection Standard
- Federal rule protecting agricultural workers and handlers. It requires safety training every 12 months, decontamination supplies, notification of applications, and REI compliance.
- Sprayer calibration 1/128 acre
- A method that measures nozzle output over a known area. Gallons per acre equals ounces collected times 128 divided by nozzle spacing in inches for a 1/128-acre calibration.
- Off-label use
- Using a pesticide on a species, site, or rate not listed on the label. It is illegal under FIFRA and can cause illegal residues, injury, and enforcement penalties.
- Aerial drift buffer
- A setback distance near water and sensitive areas required for aerial forest applications. It reduces off-target movement, along with wind limits and droplet size control.
- Phytotoxicity
- Plant injury caused by a pesticide, worsened by high temperature, drought stress, and tank mixes. Test on a small area and follow label restrictions on sensitive plants.
- Contact vs systemic aquatic herbicide
- Contact herbicides kill only treated tissue, while systemic products move into roots for longer control. Matching the type to the target plant improves long-term results.
- Integrated vegetation management
- A right-of-way approach that favors low-growing compatible plants over bare ground where feasible. It combines mowing, herbicides, and planting to reduce maintenance and protect habitat.
- Subterranean vs drywood termite
- Subterranean termites live in soil and need moisture, requiring soil barriers or baits. Drywood termites live in wood and need different, often localized, treatment methods.