MATSEC SEC Health and Social Care flashcards
MATSEC SEC Health and Social Care · Build recall with a focused review session.
33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Care values
- Core principles guiding health and social care practice: empowerment, dignity, respect, independence, safety and privacy. They shape how workers treat service users and how services are planned and delivered.
- Person-centred care
- An approach where the individual's preferences, history, values and goals guide decisions about their care, rather than the needs of the organisation or staff convenience.
- Maslow's hierarchy
- A five-level model of human needs: physiological, safety, belonging, esteem and self-actualisation. Lower-level needs generally must be met before higher-level needs can be pursued.
- Erikson's stages
- Eight psychosocial stages across the lifespan, each with a crisis to resolve, such as trust versus mistrust in infancy and integrity versus despair in older age.
- Piaget's stages
- Four cognitive development stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. They describe how thinking changes from infancy to adolescence.
- Attachment theory
- Bowlby's theory that early bonds with caregivers shape later emotional and social development. Secure attachment supports resilience; disrupted attachment can affect relationships and wellbeing.
- Activities of daily living
- Basic self-care tasks such as washing, dressing, feeding, toileting, mobility and transferring. Assessment of ADLs identifies the support a person needs to live independently.
- Instrumental ADLs
- More complex tasks needed for independent living, including shopping, cooking, cleaning, managing money and using transport. Difficulties here often signal a need for social care support.
- Vital signs
- Measurable body functions used to assess health: temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation. Abnormal readings prompt further assessment and escalation.
- Infection chain
- A six-link model: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host. Breaking any link helps prevent infection spread.
- Hand hygiene moments
- WHO's five moments for hand hygiene: before patient contact, before aseptic tasks, after body fluid exposure, after patient contact and after touching surroundings.
- Pressure ulcer risk
- Assessed using tools such as Waterlow or Braden, which score mobility, skin condition, nutrition and other factors. Repositioning and skin care reduce the risk of tissue damage.
- MUST screening
- A malnutrition screening tool using body mass index, unintentional weight loss and acute disease effect. A score of two or more triggers a nutrition care plan.
- Medication rights
- Core checks before giving medicines: right person, drug, dose, route and time. Errors must be reported through the incident system and documented promptly.
- Mental Capacity Act
- Legislation setting out how decisions are made for people who lack capacity. It requires assuming capacity, supporting decisions and acting in the least restrictive way.
- DoLS
- Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards protect people who lack capacity and are under continuous supervision and control. Authorisation is required before restrictions are imposed.
- Safeguarding principles
- Six principles: empowerment, prevention, proportionality, protection, partnership and accountability. They guide responses to suspected abuse or neglect of adults at risk.
- Abuse categories
- Types of harm include physical, emotional, sexual, financial, neglect and discriminatory abuse. Recognising signs early enables referral to the safeguarding lead.
- Whistleblowing
- Reporting unsafe or unlawful practice in the workplace in the public interest. Good-faith disclosures are protected by law from retaliation or dismissal.
- Confidentiality limits
- Information is shared on a need-to-know basis. It may be disclosed without consent where there is a risk of serious harm or a legal duty to do so.
- Reflective practice
- A structured review of experience, often using Gibbs' cycle, linking feelings, analysis and conclusions to changes in future practice and improved care quality.
- Multidisciplinary team
- A group of professionals from different disciplines, such as doctors, nurses, social workers and therapists, who coordinate care and share records to meet complex needs.
- Risk enablement
- A balanced approach that weighs the likelihood and severity of harm against the benefits of an activity, supporting independence rather than avoiding all risk.
- Health promotion models
- The biomedical model targets prevention and treatment of disease; the social model addresses determinants such as housing, income, education and social support.
- Biopsychosocial model
- An approach considering biological, psychological and social factors together. It underpins holistic assessment and care planning in health and social care.
- Kübler-Ross stages
- Five stages of grief: denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Not everyone experiences all stages or in this order; the model describes common patterns.
- Communication skills
- Active listening, open questions, paraphrasing, reflecting feelings and summarising support understanding. Closed questions confirm facts, and interpreters help overcome language barriers.
- Equality and equity
- Equality means equal treatment and opportunity; equity means fair treatment adjusted to individual need. Diversity recognises difference, and inclusion ensures participation.
- Child protection signs
- Indicators of possible abuse include unexplained injuries, changes in behaviour, fear of a particular adult and poor hygiene. Concerns must follow local referral procedures.
- Falls prevention
- Measures such as strength and balance exercise, medication review, vision checks, home hazard assessment and suitable footwear reduce falls among older people.
- Dementia care
- Person-centred approaches, routine, validation and environmental modification reduce distress. Antipsychotic medication is used only when non-pharmacological approaches have failed.
- End-of-life care
- Care focused on dignity, pain and symptom control, advance care planning and family support. Palliative care aims to improve quality of life rather than cure disease.
- Record keeping
- Records must be accurate, legible, dated, signed and contemporaneous. They are legal documents and may be used in investigations, audits or court proceedings.