MT Pesticide Applicator flashcards
MT Pesticide Applicator · Build recall with a focused review session.
31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Economic threshold
- The pest density at which control should be applied to prevent the population from reaching the economic injury level; it is set at or below the EIL.
- PHI versus REI
- PHI is the preharvest interval between the last application and harvest; REI is the restricted-entry interval before workers may reenter. Both are independent label requirements.
- MOA rotation
- Alternating pesticide mode-of-action groups within a season and across years to prevent selection of resistant pest biotypes from repeated exposure to one site of action.
- GPA calibration formula
- Gallons per acre = (gallons per minute × 5940) divided by (miles per hour × swath width in inches). Recalibrate after changing nozzles, pressure, or speed.
- Horn fly economic threshold
- Horn fly control is commonly triggered near 200 flies per animal. Face flies have a much lower threshold because they transmit pinkeye and cause eye irritation.
- Insecticide ear tag resistance
- Continuous exposure from ear tags selects pyrethroid-resistant horn flies. Rotate insecticide classes and remove tags at the end of the labeled control period.
- Milk withdrawal period
- The label-specified time after treatment before milk from treated animals may be sold. It often differs from the meat withdrawal period for the same product.
- Feed-through larvicide
- An insecticide or insect growth regulator fed to livestock that passes into manure and prevents fly larvae from developing; it does not kill adult flies.
- Verbenone anti-aggregation pheromone
- A pheromone that signals bark beetles that a tree is already occupied, discouraging mass attack. It is used with sanitation and thinning to protect residual trees.
- Btk for caterpillars
- Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki is a stomach poison for early-instar caterpillars; it must be ingested on treated foliage and has no contact activity.
- Trunk injection
- Placing systemic insecticide directly into the tree vascular system for sap-feeding pests, such as imidacloprid against hemlock woolly adelgid or emamectin benzoate against emerald ash borer.
- Silvicultural thinning
- Removing competing trees to increase water and light available to residual trees, raising vigor and reducing susceptibility to bark beetles and other stressors.
- Turf preemergence herbicide
- A herbicide applied before weed seeds germinate, forming a soil barrier that kills emerging seedlings. It must be applied early and watered in, and it does not control emerged weeds.
- White grub threshold
- About eight to ten grubs per square foot in irrigated turf warrants treatment. Sample by cutting and lifting a one-square-foot plug of turf and soil.
- Oil and sulfur interval
- Oil and sulfur sprays on sensitive ornamentals must be separated by at least 30 days; combining or closely spacing them can cause severe foliar injury.
- Bee-protective application timing
- Spray blooming plants in the evening or early morning when pollinators are not foraging, and avoid bee-toxic products on open blossoms.
- Treated seed colorant
- A bright dye added to treated seed to signal it is not food or feed. Treated seed must never enter food, feed, or oil channels.
- Metalaxyl and mefenoxam
- Fungicides in FRAC group 4 that specifically control oomycete pathogens such as Pythium and Phytophthora causing seed rots and damping-off.
- Neonicotinoid seed treatment
- Systemic seed-applied insecticides such as imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam that control wireworm and seedcorn maggot but carry pollinator and dust-drift concerns.
- NPDES aquatic permit
- A Clean Water Act permit required for pesticide applications to waters of the United States, in addition to any state permit such as Montana's 310 permit.
- Dissolved oxygen depletion
- Decay of large masses of killed aquatic vegetation consumes oxygen and can kill fish; treat a portion of the water body at a time to avoid it.
- Rotenone
- A restricted fish toxicant derived from plant roots that blocks cellular respiration in fish; treated waters must be posted and applications made by permitted applicators.
- Bare-ground residual herbicide
- A long-persisting soil herbicide such as imazapyr, diuron, bromacil, or tebuthiuron used on rights-of-way; it can move with runoff and injure roots of nearby trees.
- Cut stump treatment
- Applying herbicide to the freshly cut cambium ring of a stump to prevent resprouting; it places product precisely and minimizes off-target drift.
- Triclopyr selectivity
- Triclopyr controls broadleaf plants and woody species while leaving most grasses unharmed, making it useful for brush control along rights-of-way.
- Anticoagulant rodenticide
- A rodent bait such as bromadiolone or diphacinone that prevents blood clotting and causes internal bleeding; tamper-resistant stations limit access and secondary poisoning.
- Cockroach gel bait
- A palatable insecticide formulation placed in cracks and crevices that cockroaches consume and share; sanitation and rotation are needed to counter bait aversion and resistance.
- Termite soil barrier
- A continuous application of termiticide to the soil around and under a foundation that prevents subterranean termites from reaching the structure; it must not be disturbed.
- Quarantine
- A legal restriction on movement of regulated pests, host plants, soil, and equipment from an infested area, enforced through inspection, certification, and compliance agreements.
- Experimental use permit
- An EPA or state authorization for limited field testing of an unregistered pesticide for research; it does not allow commercial sale or unrestricted use of treated crop.
- Untreated check plot
- A replicated plot that receives no pesticide treatment, providing the baseline for calculating percent control and detecting phytotoxicity in a research trial.