MTTC Earth/Space Science (020) study plan

Distinguish independent, dependent, and controlled variables in six short experimental scenarios and label each correctly.

Convert raw measurements into SI units and apply significant-figure rules to computed results.

Identify the components of a controlled experiment and explain why a control group is needed, using a written example.

Calculate mean, median, range, and percent error for a small data set by hand.

Compare observation, inference, hypothesis, theory, and law, and classify ten given statements accordingly.

Interpret a line graph, bar graph, and data table to state a supported conclusion in one sentence each.

Describe how peer review and replication function in validating scientific claims.

Evaluate a media science report for missing sample size, correlation-versus-causation errors, and unsupported conclusions.

Label the layers of Earth's interior by composition and by physical properties, and state the evidence used to infer each boundary.

Explain plate boundary types and predict the landforms and seismic patterns associated with each.

Trace the rock cycle and classify ten rock samples or descriptions as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic.

Apply the principle of superposition and cross-cutting relationships to order events in a simple relative-age problem.

Describe the water cycle reservoirs and fluxes and identify the dominant processes moving water between them.

Explain the carbon and nitrogen cycles, naming at least two human influences on each.

Relate weather patterns to air masses, fronts, and pressure systems, and interpret a simplified surface weather map.

Distinguish climate from weather and identify the main factors controlling regional climate.

Explain Earth's rotation, revolution, tilt, and precession and their effects on day length, seasons, and the analemma.

Describe lunar phases, eclipses, and tides, and predict phase names from a given orbital position.

Compare the terrestrial and Jovian planets by composition, size, and orbital characteristics.

Summarize current models of solar system formation and cite evidence supporting them.

Describe the Sun's structure and energy production and explain how that energy reaches Earth.

Classify stars by spectral type and luminosity class and place them correctly on an H-R diagram.

Explain stellar evolution paths for low-mass and high-mass stars and identify end states.

Distinguish evidence for the Big Bang, including redshift, cosmic microwave background, and light-element abundances.

Compare refracting, reflecting, and radio telescopes and explain why space-based observatories are used.

Write three measurable learning objectives aligned to a specific Earth or space science standard.

Design a hands-on investigation with clear safety considerations and differentiation for two learner profiles.

Construct a five-item formative assessment with a scoring rubric that distinguishes misconceptions from errors.

Analyze a sample student response and plan a targeted instructional next step.

Complete a timed full-length practice test under exam conditions and record domain-level scores.

Review every missed item and write a corrected explanation for each.

Re-drill the two weakest domains using targeted flashcards and re-test those areas.

Assemble a one-page summary sheet of formulas, key terms, and frequently confused concepts.