Galamala ndi Kapangidwe ka Zinenero (Grammar and Language Structure)
Gawoli limayesa kumvetsa kapangidwe ka Chichewa: magulu a mayina ndi mgwirizano wake, kapangidwe ka verebu, nthawi, ndi mmene mawu amasinthidwa. Wophunzira ayenera kudziwa kuti liwu lililonse limakhala ndi gulu lake, ndipo mawu ozungulira liwuwo amatsatira gulu limenelo.
Magulu a mayina ndi mgwirizano
- Gulu 1 (m-/wa-): munthu/wanthu - 'munthu uyu wamkulu'.
- Gulu 3 (mu-/mi-): mutu/mitu - 'mutu uwu waukulu'.
- Gulu 5 (li-/ma-): dzanja/manja - 'dzanja ili lalikulu'.
- Gulu 7 (chi-/zi-): chinthu/zinthu - 'chinthu ichi chachikulu'.
- Gulu 9/10 (n-/n-): nyumba/nyumba - 'nyumba iyi yaikulu', 'nyumba izi zaikulu'.
- Gulu 12 (ka-): kamwana - 'kamwana kakang'ono'.
- Gulu 14 (u-): ubwino - 'ubwino uwu waukulu'.
- Gulu 15 (ku-): kuimba - 'kuimba uku kuli kokoma'.
Kapangidwe ka verebu
Verebu limapangidwa ndi chizindikiro cha munthu, chizindikiro cha nthawi, chizindikiro cha chinthu, muzu, ndi chokwaniritsa. Mwachitsanzo 'Anandipatsa': a- (iye, gulu 1) + -na- (nthawi yapita) + -ndi- (ine) + -pats- (muzu) + -a. Nthawi zofala ndi -ku- (pano), -na- (kupita), -ma- (nthawi zonse), -dzi- (m'tsogolo). Mu mawu okana, 'si-' imayamba ndipo mathedwe amasintha kukhala -e: 'sindinapite'.
Chitsanzo chothandiza
Funso: Lembani mawu oyenera: 'Nyumba ___ ndi yaikulu.' (iyi / izi) Yankho: 'Nyumba iyi ndi yaikulu.' Chifukwa: 'nyumba' ndi gulu 9, ndipo gulu 9 limagwiritsa ntchito 'iyi' ndi 'ya-'. 'Izi' ndi 'zi-' ndi za gulu 10, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zambiri.
Zolephera zofala
- Kugwiritsa mgwirizano wa gulu limodzi ndi liwu la gulu lina.
- Kusiyanisa 'ku-' wa mneni (kuimba) ndi 'ku-' wa malo (kumudzi).
- Kuiwala kusintha mathedwe mu mawu okana.