MSCE Social and Life Skills flashcards
MSCE Social and Life Skills · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Self-awareness
- The capacity to recognise one's own thoughts, emotions, strengths, weaknesses and values, and to understand how these influence behaviour and relationships with others.
- Self-esteem
- A person's overall evaluative judgement of their own worth; high self-esteem is linked to assertiveness and resilience, low self-esteem to self-doubt or people-pleasing.
- Personal identity
- An individual's stable sense of who they are across time and situations, shaped by culture, family, peers, experiences and personal choices.
- Johari Window
- A self-awareness model with four quadrants: open (known to self and others), blind (known to others only), hidden (known to self only) and unknown (neither).
- Self-efficacy
- Bandura's term for a person's belief in their capacity to execute the actions needed to reach a goal; built through mastery, modelling, persuasion and physiological states.
- Active listening
- A communication technique using full attention, paraphrasing, reflecting feelings, clarifying questions and summarising, while withholding judgement.
- Assertive message
- A three-part statement of behaviour, impact and need, such as 'When you arrive late, I feel disrespected; I need you to call ahead.'
- Conflict styles
- Thomas–Kilmann's five approaches to conflict: competing, collaborating, compromising, avoiding and accommodating; collaborating usually yields the best long-term relationship outcomes.
- Authoritative parenting
- A parenting style combining high warmth with high expectations and clear limits; associated with the best social and academic outcomes for children.
- Consent
- An informed, voluntary, specific and revocable agreement to participate in an activity; pressure, coercion or intoxication invalidates consent.
- HIV transmission routes
- Unprotected sexual intercourse, mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding, contaminated blood or needles, and occupational exposure.
- U=U
- Undetectable equals untransmittable: a person living with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy with a suppressed viral load cannot sexually transmit the virus.
- PEP
- Post-exposure prophylaxis: antiretroviral medication started within 72 hours of possible HIV exposure to reduce the risk of infection.
- PrEP
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis: antiretroviral medication taken by HIV-negative people before possible exposure to prevent infection.
- Emergency contraception
- Medication or a copper IUD used after unprotected sex to reduce pregnancy risk; levonorgestrel works best if taken within 72 hours.
- Balanced diet
- A diet supplying carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water in proportions that meet the body's needs without excess.
- Body mass index
- BMI = weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared; underweight below 18.5, normal 18.5–24.9, overweight 25–29.9, obese 30 and above.
- Substance dependence
- A pattern of substance use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, craving and loss of control, continuing despite harmful consequences.
- Harm reduction
- Policies and practices that reduce the negative consequences of substance use without requiring abstinence, such as needle exchange and supervised consumption.
- Ottawa Charter
- A 1986 health promotion framework with five action areas: healthy public policy, supportive environments, community action, personal skills and reoriented health services.
- Human rights
- Entitlements belonging to all people by virtue of being human; they are universal, inalienable, indivisible and interdependent.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- A 1948 United Nations declaration setting out civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights for all people.
- Rule of law
- The principle that everyone, including government, is subject to clear, public, equally applied laws interpreted by an independent judiciary.
- Separation of powers
- Division of state authority among legislature, executive and judiciary, with checks and balances to prevent abuse of power.
- Good governance
- Governance characterised by participation, rule of law, transparency, responsiveness, equity, effectiveness and accountability.
- Sustainable development
- Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, as defined by the Brundtland Commission in 1987.
- Renewable resources
- Natural resources that replenish naturally at a rate that can sustain use, such as solar energy, wind, biomass and, if managed, water and forests.
- Ecosystem services
- Benefits people obtain from ecosystems, including provisioning (food, water), regulating (climate, water purification), supporting (nutrient cycling) and cultural services.
- SMART goals
- A goal-setting criterion requiring goals to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound.
- SWOT analysis
- A planning tool that examines internal Strengths and Weaknesses alongside external Opportunities and Threats to inform decisions.
- Break-even point
- The sales volume at which total revenue equals total costs; calculated as fixed costs divided by unit price minus variable cost per unit.
- Intellectual property
- Legal protections for creations of the mind, including copyright for creative works, trademarks for brands, patents for inventions and trade secrets for confidential information.