EUC-ODON flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Periodontal staging

Staging classifies periodontitis severity and complexity using clinical attachment loss, radiographic bone loss, probing depth, tooth loss, and need for complex rehabilitation.

Periodontal grading

Grading estimates progression risk using bone loss/age ratio, smoking status, and HbA1c; grade A is slow, B moderate, C rapid progression.

Peri-implant mucositis

Reversible inflammation of peri-implant soft tissue with bleeding on probing but no progressive bone loss beyond initial crestal remodeling.

Peri-implantitis

Inflammatory condition around implants characterized by bleeding on probing, increasing probing depth, and progressive radiographic bone loss.

Working length determination

Working length is typically 0.5–1.0 mm short of the radiographic apex, confirmed with an electronic apex locator and periapical radiograph.

Sodium hypochlorite irrigation

NaOCl at 0.5–5.25% dissolves necrotic tissue and kills microorganisms; careful delivery prevents extrusion and tissue injury.

MB2 canal

Second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary molars; found in the majority of cases and must be actively located under the dentinal shelf.

Irreversible pulpitis

Inflamed pulp that cannot heal; characterized by spontaneous or lingering pain, often requiring root canal treatment or extraction.

Centric relation

Maxillomandibular relationship with condyles in anterior-superior position against articular eminence, independent of tooth contact.

Balanced occlusion

Occlusal scheme for complete dentures where contacts occur bilaterally in centric and eccentric movements to stabilize the prosthesis.

Finish line

Prepared margin of a tooth restoration; chamfer for metal, shoulder for ceramic, chosen to support material and preserve tooth structure.

Crown-root ratio

Ratio of clinical crown height to root length; ideally at least 1:1 for abutment selection in fixed prosthodontics.

Inferior alveolar nerve risk

Risk of nerve injury increases with deep impaction and proximity to the mandibular canal; cone-beam CT guides surgical planning.

Lidocaine maximum dose

Lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 is limited to about 7 mg/kg, roughly 500 mg for a 70 kg adult.

Infective endocarditis prophylaxis

Antibiotic prophylaxis before invasive dental procedures for high-risk cardiac conditions such as prosthetic valves or prior endocarditis.

Le Fort I osteotomy

Surgical procedure to reposition the maxilla; used in orthognathic surgery for skeletal Class II or III correction.

Angle Class II

Mandibular first molar is distal to the maxillary first molar; often associated with retrognathic mandible or protrusive maxilla.

ANB angle

Cephalometric angle between SNA and SNB; values >4° suggest skeletal Class II, <0° suggest skeletal Class III.

Rapid maxillary expansion

Orthopedic expansion separating the midpalatal suture in growing patients; used for transverse maxillary deficiency.

Temporary anchorage device

Miniscrew or miniplate providing absolute anchorage for orthodontic tooth movement, reducing unwanted reciprocal movement.

Early childhood caries

Caries affecting primary teeth, often maxillary incisors first; associated with frequent sugar exposure and inadequate oral hygiene.

Fluoride varnish

Professionally applied topical fluoride for caries prevention; recommended every 3–6 months for high-risk children.

Pulpotomy

Removal of coronal pulp in primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis; formocresol or ferric sulfate preserves radicular pulp.

Space maintainer

Appliance maintaining arch space after premature loss of primary teeth; band-and-loop or crown-and-loop for primary molars.

Leukoplakia

White patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease; biopsy to exclude dysplasia.

Oral lichen planus

Chronic inflammatory condition with Wickham striae; erosive forms require biopsy and topical corticosteroids.

Sjögren syndrome

Autoimmune condition causing dry mouth and eyes; associated with anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies and lymphoma risk.

Bisphosphonate osteonecrosis

Exposed jaw bone persisting more than 8 weeks in patients on antiresorptive therapy; prevention includes dental screening.

DMFT index

Count of decayed, missing, and filled teeth; used to measure caries experience in populations and individuals.

Water fluoridation

Community-level fluoride adjustment to about 0.7–1.0 ppm; reduces caries prevalence and is a public health measure.

Informed consent

Patient agreement after receiving information about risks, benefits, and alternatives; must be voluntary and documented.

Confidentiality

Duty to protect patient information; disclosure requires consent or legal obligation, in line with data protection rules.