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NSSCO Khoekhoegowab First Language 6098 study materials
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NSSCO Khoekhoegowab First Language 6098 practice questions

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Question 1Listening and speaking (oral communication)

In Khoekhoegowab listening, which click is made with the tongue tip behind the upper front teeth and released sharply downward?

  1. the lateral click ǁ
  2. the palatal click ǂ
  3. the alveolar click ǃ
  4. the dental click ǀ Correct answer.

Explanation

The dental click ǀ is articulated at the upper front teeth; ǁ is lateral, ǃ is alveolar, and ǂ is palatal. Recognising the place of articulation helps listeners distinguish words that differ only by click type.

Question 2Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A young speaker greets an elder in a formal Khoekhoegowab community meeting. Which behaviour best follows expected oral etiquette?

  1. Use a respectful form and wait for the elder's reply. Correct answer.
  2. Use the elder's first name at once and continue talking.
  3. Turn away while greeting to avoid direct eye contact.
  4. Speak louder than the elder to show confidence.

Explanation

Formal Khoekhoegowab greeting norms usually require respectful address and recognition of seniority; the younger speaker should not dominate the exchange. Waiting for the elder's reply shows deference and keeps the greeting orderly.

Question 3Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A listener hears two Khoekhoegowab words that differ only in tone, one high and one low. What does this contrast most directly signal in the language?

  1. a difference in meaning Correct answer.
  2. the number of people addressed
  3. the speaker's social rank
  4. a shift in grammatical tense

Explanation

Khoekhoegowab uses tone lexically, so a high versus low pitch pattern can distinguish otherwise identical words. Listeners must track pitch because tone is not merely emotional colouring; it carries meaning.

Question 4Listening and speaking (oral communication)

In a Khoekhoegowab conversation, a speaker finishes a clause with falling intonation and a brief pause. What does this most likely signal about turn-taking?

  1. The speaker expects an immediate interruption.
  2. The turn is complete; a response is invited. Correct answer.
  3. The speaker is about to begin a long narrative.
  4. The listener should remain completely silent for several minutes.

Explanation

Falling intonation plus a pause commonly marks the end of a turn in conversation, inviting the listener to respond. A listener who ignores this cue may overlap speech or miss the transition.

Question 5Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A performer recites lines that name a person's ancestors, praise their courage, and use parallel phrases with strong evaluative vocabulary. Which Khoekhoegowab oral genre is this?

  1. a formal greeting
  2. a proverb performance
  3. a praise poem Correct answer.
  4. a riddling contest

Explanation

Praise poetry names and exalts a person or lineage through parallel structures and evaluative language. Riddles pose problems, proverbs state general wisdom, and greetings open interaction, so none matches the described performance.

Question 6Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker switches to a special respectful vocabulary when addressing a parent-in-law. What is the main communicative purpose of this register shift?

  1. to mark avoidance and respect Correct answer.
  2. to express indirect anger
  3. to shorten the conversation
  4. to test the listener's hearing

Explanation

Respect registers in Khoekhoegowab are tied to kinship avoidance norms, especially with in-laws. The shift signals social distance and deference rather than emotion or efficiency.

Question 7Listening and speaking (oral communication)

During a Khoekhoegowab radio interview, a listener hears an unfamiliar word but does not want to interrupt. Which strategy best supports continued comprehension?

  1. Stop listening until the word is repeated.
  2. Ask the speaker to spell the word aloud.
  3. Ignore the rest of the interview.
  4. Infer meaning from context and keep listening. Correct answer.

Explanation

Effective listening uses context clues to guess unfamiliar vocabulary while maintaining attention to the ongoing message. Interrupting or tuning out sacrifices information that later utterances may clarify.

Question 8Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker recounts a conflict with a loud voice, raised pitch, and rapid delivery. What is the main communicative effect of this prosody?

  1. It heightens dramatic involvement. Correct answer.
  2. It marks a formal greeting sequence.
  3. It signals boredom with the topic.
  4. It indicates a whispered secret.

Explanation

Loudness, high pitch, and speed are prosodic resources for expressing intensity and drawing listeners into a narrative. They do not by themselves mark greetings, secrecy, or boredom.

Question 9Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A speaker uses a familiar Khoekhoegowab proverb during a disagreement instead of stating criticism directly. A listener who interprets the proverb only literally is most likely to...

  1. understand the speaker's exact words better
  2. respond with a formal greeting
  3. miss the speaker's indirect criticism Correct answer.
  4. ask for a translation of the proverb

Explanation

Proverbs carry conventional figurative meanings, so literal interpretation can hide the speaker's indirect point. In disagreement, the proverb often performs criticism politely rather than describing a concrete event.

Question 10Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab oral announcement gives a date, a venue, and a contact person. Which listening approach is most effective for recording these details accurately?

  1. Focus only on the speaker's tone of voice.
  2. Wait until the end and write only a general summary.
  3. Note key nouns and numbers as they are spoken. Correct answer.
  4. Memorise all details without writing anything.

Explanation

Specific details such as dates, places, and names are best captured through selective note-taking while listening. Relying on memory or a late summary increases the risk of omitting or distorting key information.

Question 11Listening and speaking (oral communication)

While an elder delivers a long account in Khoekhoegowab, a younger listener says short items such as 'mm' and 'ee' at intervals without taking over the speaking turn. What is this listener behaviour called in oral communication analysis?

  1. Code-switching
  2. Turn allocation
  3. Reported speech
  4. Back-channelling Correct answer.

Explanation

Back-channelling is the set of brief listener signals - murmured agreement, short interjections, nods - that show attention and comprehension while another speaker holds the floor. It does not claim a turn, which is why it must be distinguished from the procedures that decide who speaks next.

Question 12Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker must address a large outdoor gathering that includes elders seated at the back. Which delivery choice best serves that audience?

  1. Drop the final syllables of words so that the speech sounds less formal and more friendly.
  2. Speak as quickly as possible so that the whole message is finished before the afternoon wind rises.
  3. Raise the volume, slow the pace and articulate word endings clearly. Correct answer.
  4. Turn to face the organisers seated behind the speaker and address remarks towards them.

Explanation

Outdoor distance works against audibility, so a speaker compensates by projecting, reducing speed and articulating word endings instead of swallowing them. Turning away from the audience or rushing the delivery works directly against being heard and understood.

Question 13Listening and speaking (oral communication)

During a spoken Khoekhoegowab report, a candidate must record dates, names and figures for later use. Which note-taking approach is most effective for this listening task?

  1. Use short keywords, abbreviations and the speaker's own figures in a structured layout. Correct answer.
  2. Wait until the speaker has finished and rely on memory alone.
  3. Write out every word of the report in full sentences as it is spoken.
  4. Record only the points that seem unusual or surprising at the time.

Explanation

Notes taken during speech must be fast enough to keep pace with the speaker and clear enough to be read later, so keywords, abbreviations and a deliberate layout are appropriate. Verbatim writing is slower than speech, and unaided memory is unreliable for exact figures and names.

Question 14Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab storyteller describes a fall with a vivid sound-symbolic word and repeats it twice in quick succession. What is the main effect of this choice in oral narration?

  1. It indicates that the narrator is not certain the details are correct.
  2. It intensifies the action and helps listeners picture the scene. Correct answer.
  3. It shows the audience that a different character has begun speaking.
  4. It signals to the audience that the narrator is about to ask a question.

Explanation

Sound-symbolic and ideophonic words are a recognised resource of Khoekhoegowab oral narrative: they dramatise an action rather than merely report it, and repetition heightens the effect on listeners. The device works on intensity and imagery, not on marking speakers, questions or doubt.

Question 15Listening and speaking (oral communication)

After a proposal is put to a Khoekhoegowab family meeting, an elder says nothing for several seconds and looks at the ground. How should the other participants read this pause?

  1. As a refusal of the proposal that should be treated as the final word on the matter.
  2. As time for reflection that invites a considered reply rather than an immediate refusal. Correct answer.
  3. As a sign that the elder did not hear what was said and needs it repeated.
  4. As an invitation for the younger speakers to leave the meeting place.

Explanation

In many Khoekhoegowab speech settings a pause after a proposal is a recognised space for deliberation, and the other participants wait for a considered response instead of filling the silence. Reading the pause as rejection or as a hearing problem misinterprets the turn-taking norms of the meeting.

Question 16Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker giving oral testimony says: 'He arrived after dark, and I believe he was afraid.' Which feature of the utterance marks the second part as the speaker's opinion rather than a recalled fact?

  1. The fact that the sentence contains two clauses.
  2. The belief verb with the emotion word 'afraid'. Correct answer.
  3. The time expression 'after dark'.
  4. The past tense used throughout the sentence.

Explanation

Testimony mixes observation with evaluation, and a listener must separate the two. Explicit belief verbs together with evaluative words such as 'afraid' mark the speaker's own judgement, whereas time expressions and tense only locate the event in place and time.

Question 17Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker discussing a mobile phone repeatedly uses a loanword from Afrikaans for 'battery'. What does this most likely show about the speaker's oral usage?

  1. The speaker is filling a lexical gap for a recently introduced object. Correct answer.
  2. The speaker is quoting someone else's words exactly.
  3. The speaker has forgotten how to speak Khoekhoegowab.
  4. The speaker is deliberately insulting the listeners.

Explanation

Speakers routinely borrow or code-switch to name introduced objects and technology, and this is a normal feature of a living spoken language rather than evidence of loss or disrespect. The choice is about finding a referent, not about reporting another person's speech.

Question 18Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab caller gives a route to a village using landmarks. Which listening response best checks that the message was understood correctly?

  1. Repeat the route back in order and ask the caller to confirm. Correct answer.
  2. Say nothing and hope the route becomes clear on the way.
  3. Ask only for the name of the village and ignore all the landmarks that were given.
  4. Write down the first landmark and stop listening to the rest.

Explanation

Repeating the message back in sequence is a comprehension check: it lets the speaker confirm or repair details before the listener acts on them. Partial listening or silent guessing leaves the route unverified and errors uncorrected.

Question 19Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A radio listener accustomed to one regional variety of Khoekhoegowab hears a speaker from another region whose vowels and clicks differ slightly. Which listening approach is most appropriate?

  1. Assume that the speaker has learned Khoekhoegowab badly and stop following the broadcast.
  2. Conclude that the broadcast must be in a different language altogether.
  3. Correct each difference aloud before the speaker continues.
  4. Adjust to the regular differences and follow the meaning, not the form. Correct answer.

Explanation

Regional variation in vowel quality and click articulation is systematic rather than random error, so a competent listener accommodates to the pattern and attends to meaning. Judging another variety as deficient reflects an attitude about speakers, not evidence about the language.

Question 20Listening and speaking (oral communication)

In a Khoekhoegowab oral account, a witness says: 'I was not there; my uncle told me what happened.' How should a careful listener weigh this evidence?

  1. As second-hand testimony whose accuracy depends on the uncle's own source. Correct answer.
  2. As proof that the event never took place.
  3. As a direct eyewitness account of the event.
  4. As an account that is more reliable than a first-hand report.

Explanation

Oral evidence should be weighed by its source. Reported speech from an absent third party is second-hand and depends on that person's own opportunity to observe, so it can be neither treated as eyewitness proof nor dismissed as false.

Question 21Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker wants one key instruction to stand out in a short oral announcement. Which delivery choice best uses oral resources to mark that instruction?

  1. Raise the volume steadily across the whole announcement
  2. Repeat the instruction once and pause before it Correct answer.
  3. Drop to a whisper for the final words of the announcement
  4. Increase speed whenever the instruction is reached

Explanation

In oral announcements, a deliberate pause and controlled repetition set off important information and help listeners remember it. Keeping the same loudness, speeding up, or whispering reduces the contrast that marks the key instruction.

Question 22Listening and speaking (oral communication)

In a Khoekhoegowab family discussion, a young adult wants to reply to an elder's point. Which action best follows expected turn-taking?

  1. Turn away and address a different listener instead
  2. Speak at the same time so the reply is not lost
  3. Wait for the elder to finish, acknowledge, then reply Correct answer.
  4. Interrupt with a louder voice to show confidence

Explanation

Expected turn-taking in Khoekhoegowab family talk gives elders the floor; a younger speaker waits, acknowledges the point, and then responds. Overlapping speech or a louder interruption is heard as disrespectful and disrupts the discussion.

Question 23Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A listener hears a Khoekhoegowab oral message with several details but only needs the main request. Which listening approach is best?

  1. Focus on how each word is pronounced
  2. Identify the speaker's purpose and the action requested Correct answer.
  3. Memorise every number and name in the order given
  4. Note every adjective used to describe people

Explanation

Listening for gist means identifying the speaker's purpose and the main action, while details can be ignored unless they are needed. Memorising all details or concentrating on pronunciation distracts from the request itself.

Question 24Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker must apologise formally to an elder after a public disagreement. Which sequence best fits expected oral practice?

  1. Offer a proverb only, without referring to what happened
  2. Deny bad intent, blame the elder, then leave the meeting
  3. Make a joke, change the subject, and avoid naming the harm
  4. Name the harm, express regret, and state the repair Correct answer.

Explanation

A formal apology is expected to name the harm, show regret, and indicate how the relationship will be repaired, which restores good relations publicly. Joking, blaming, or refusing to name the harm leaves the offence unresolved.

Question 25Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab learner is about to address a respected elder at a public event. Which adjustment best shows appropriate oral respect?

  1. Speak quickly and add jokes about the elder
  2. Use polite forms and wait for an invitation Correct answer.
  3. Turn away while speaking to show humility
  4. Use first names and slang to seem friendly

Explanation

Respectful address in Khoekhoegowab public settings uses polite forms and observes the elder's right to the floor. Familiar slang, jokes at the elder's expense, or turning away would be read as disrespect.

Question 26Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab caller gives a meeting time over a noisy phone line. Which response best confirms the message accurately?

  1. Repeat the time back in a full sentence for confirmation Correct answer.
  2. Say 'ee' once and end the call quickly
  3. Assume the time is the usual one and write nothing
  4. Ask an unrelated question about the venue instead

Explanation

Repeating the critical detail back in a complete sentence lets the caller correct any mishearing before the call ends. A minimal backchannel or an assumption does not confirm the actual time.

Question 27Listening and speaking (oral communication)

In a Khoekhoegowab oral debate, a speaker repeats an opponent's words before answering. What is the main rhetorical function of this move?

  1. To change the topic without addressing the argument
  2. To fill time because the speaker has no answer ready
  3. To frame the point before rebutting it Correct answer.
  4. To mock the opponent's pronunciation before rejecting the point

Explanation

Repeating the opponent's words marks the exact point being answered and shows that it has been heard, after which the speaker can rebut it. It is a framing device, not mockery or a change of subject.

Question 28Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab storyteller shifts voice and posture when a character speaks, then returns to the narrator's voice. What does this shift most help listeners do?

  1. Ignore the words spoken by the character
  2. Track who is speaking within the narrative Correct answer.
  3. Identify the storyteller's own opinion of the character
  4. Decide that the story has ended and leave

Explanation

Voice and posture shifts mark direct speech and character boundaries in oral narrative, so listeners can follow who is speaking. They do not by themselves reveal the narrator's judgement or signal the end of the story.

Question 29Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker disagrees with an elder during a community meeting but wants to preserve harmony. Which strategy best reflects expected oral norms?

  1. Acknowledge it, then raise the disagreement as a question Correct answer.
  2. Leave the meeting without giving any explanation
  3. Remain completely silent and let others infer the disagreement
  4. Contradict the elder immediately in a raised voice

Explanation

In Khoekhoegowab meeting talk, disagreement with an elder is usually framed indirectly, often by acknowledging the point and raising a question. Direct contradiction or silent withdrawal can be read as disrespect or refusal to participate.

Question 30Listening and speaking (oral communication)

A Khoekhoegowab speaker must give an oral summary of a long community discussion. Which approach best preserves accuracy and fairness?

  1. Quote every word spoken, including repetitions
  2. Report only the speaker's own view and omit other positions
  3. State the main points and note where speakers disagreed Correct answer.
  4. Add new arguments that were not raised in the discussion

Explanation

A fair oral summary selects the main points and records points of disagreement without adding new material. Quoting everything loses the main thread, while omitting other views or adding arguments misrepresents the discussion.

Question 31Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab letter begins with the line 'ǃGâi tsēs.' In the context of a formal letter, what is the main function of this line?

  1. to greet the reader Correct answer.
  2. to introduce the writer's name
  3. to ask a question
  4. to state the date

Explanation

In Khoekhoegowab, 'ǃGâi tsēs' is a greeting equivalent to 'good day'. At the start of a letter it functions as a salutation, opening the communication before any date, name, or question appears. The formal context confirms that it addresses the reader politely.

Question 32Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

In a Khoekhoegowab narrative, the word 'tsî' appears between two events. What relationship does it most commonly signal?

  1. contrast
  2. condition
  3. addition or sequence Correct answer.
  4. cause

Explanation

The Khoekhoegowab conjunction 'tsî' means 'and' and commonly links words, phrases, or clauses that are added to one another. In a narrative it usually signals addition or sequence rather than contrast, cause, or condition. Readers should expect the second element to continue the first.

Question 33Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

In a Khoekhoegowab reading passage, the word 'ǂkhanis' refers to a physical object that a learner opens and reads. Which English word best matches it in this context?

  1. window
  2. book Correct answer.
  3. river
  4. chair

Explanation

'ǂkhanis' denotes a book, paper, or written document in Khoekhoegowab. The clue that a learner opens and reads the object rules out a chair, a river, and a window. In this context the best English match is 'book'.

Question 34Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab paragraph introduces 'ǀgôab' (child) in the first sentence and later uses 'ǁnā' before repeating information about the same child. What is the function of 'ǁnā' in this paragraph?

  1. It introduces a new character.
  2. It points back to the child already mentioned. Correct answer.
  3. It marks a change of scene.
  4. It shows direct speech.

Explanation

'ǁnā' is a demonstrative meaning 'that'. When it appears after a noun has already been introduced, it refers back to that same entity and helps the reader track the child across sentences. It does not introduce a new character, mark a scene change, or signal direct speech.

Question 35Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab paragraph describes how a community repairs a broken water pump together, shares the work, and finishes before sunset. Which statement best expresses the main idea?

  1. Only one person repairs the pump.
  2. The community cooperates to solve a practical problem. Correct answer.
  3. Water pumps are expensive to buy.
  4. Sunset is the most important part of the day.

Explanation

The paragraph's details-shared work, repairing the pump, and finishing together-all support the central idea that the community cooperates to solve a practical problem. The other options focus on minor details or contradict the passage.

Question 36Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab narrative contains the sentence 'After the rain stopped, the children left the house and walked to the river.' Which question is answered directly by this sentence?

  1. How deep the river is
  2. What the children did after the rain stopped Correct answer.
  3. Who built the house
  4. Why the rain stopped

Explanation

The sentence gives a clear sequence: the rain stopped, and then the children left the house and walked to the river. It does not explain why the rain stopped, how deep the river is, or who built the house. Only the question about the children's action is answered directly.

Question 37Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab story says a girl looks at the dark clouds, takes her umbrella, and leaves early. No sentence states that it will rain. What can the reader most reasonably infer?

  1. She is going to sell the umbrella.
  2. She has forgotten her bag.
  3. She expects rain. Correct answer.
  4. She dislikes the sun.

Explanation

The dark clouds and the umbrella are two clues that the girl expects rain. A reasonable inference combines these details even though no sentence states the weather directly. The other options have no support in the described actions.

Question 38Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab text lists dates, times, and contact details for a community meeting and ends with an invitation to attend. What is the author's main purpose?

  1. to entertain with a story
  2. to describe a personal memory
  3. to persuade readers to buy a product
  4. to inform readers about an event and invite them Correct answer.

Explanation

The text's practical details-dates, times, contact information-and its closing invitation show that the author wants to inform readers about a community meeting and encourage attendance. It is not a story, a product advertisement, or a personal memory.

Question 39Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

In a Khoekhoegowab opinion text, the writer says the old bridge is dangerous but adds that the community has repeatedly asked for repairs without success. Which tone best describes the writer's attitude toward the authorities?

  1. amused and playful
  2. warmly grateful
  3. completely indifferent
  4. critical and frustrated Correct answer.

Explanation

The writer calls the bridge dangerous and notes that the community's repeated requests have failed. This combination conveys criticism and frustration toward the authorities. Amusement, indifference, and gratitude do not fit the negative evidence.

Question 40Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab text uses shortened forms and direct commands such as 'Come!' and 'Look!' while addressing a friend. Which register does this most likely represent?

  1. legal notice
  2. academic report
  3. formal official letter
  4. informal conversational narrative Correct answer.

Explanation

Direct commands, shortened forms, and address to a friend are markers of informal conversational language. Formal letters, academic reports, and legal notices use more elaborate, impersonal phrasing. The passage therefore represents an informal register.

Question 41Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab passage reports that a village meeting began with residents naming three concerns: scarce water, poor grazing, and transport to the clinic. After discussion, the residents agreed that water repairs must come first. Which sentence best states the main idea of the passage?

  1. The meeting dealt only with building a new clinic.
  2. The meeting was cancelled because the village had no water.
  3. The meeting identified several community concerns and chose a priority. Correct answer.
  4. The meeting was held mainly to celebrate a public holiday.

Explanation

The main idea must cover both the list of concerns and the decision about what to address first. The passage is not about cancellation, a single clinic project, or a celebration. The first option captures the meeting's overall outcome.

Question 42Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A learner reading a Khoekhoegowab passage meets an unfamiliar word that appears three times near descriptions of fire, a pot, and stirring. Which action best helps the learner work out the word's meaning from the passage?

  1. Decide the meaning from the word's first letter only.
  2. Replace the word with the first English word that rhymes.
  3. Ignore the word and continue without checking its meaning.
  4. Use the repeated surrounding details as context clues. Correct answer.

Explanation

Context clues are the details around a word that suggest its meaning. Fire, a pot, and stirring all point to cooking, so repeated nearby details are useful evidence. The other actions either ignore the passage or rely on unreliable guesses.

Question 43Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab passage relates that a family first loads a donkey cart, then travels to the market, then sells produce, and finally buys supplies before returning home. Which event happens immediately before the family buys supplies?

  1. The family then travels to the market.
  2. The family finally returns home.
  3. The family sells produce at the market. Correct answer.
  4. The family first loads the donkey cart.

Explanation

The passage gives a clear chain: load the cart, travel, sell produce, buy supplies, return home. 'Immediately before' means the step just prior, which is selling produce. Loading and travelling occur earlier, and returning occurs later.

Question 44Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

In a Khoekhoegowab passage, a boy looks at the sky, ties his goats close to the house, and carries the drying meat inside. The passage does not state why he does this. Which inference is best supported by his actions?

  1. He intends to sell all his goats at the market.
  2. He expects strong wind or rain to arrive soon. Correct answer.
  3. He has forgotten where he left the meat.
  4. He is preparing for a wedding ceremony.

Explanation

Tying animals near shelter and moving drying meat indoors are precautions against weather damage. The passage gives no sign of a wedding, a sale, or lost meat. The best inference therefore concerns an approaching storm or strong wind.

Question 45Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab text lists ingredients, gives ordered steps, and uses direct commands to explain how to prepare a traditional dish. What is the writer's main purpose?

  1. To compare two restaurants that serve the dish
  2. To instruct readers in preparing the dish Correct answer.
  3. To entertain readers with a story about a cook
  4. To persuade readers to buy the dish from a shop

Explanation

Ingredients, ordered steps, and commands are typical features of instructions. The text is organised to help a reader perform the task, not to sell a product, tell a story, or compare restaurants. The purpose is therefore instructional.

Question 46Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab opinion text states: 'The new road is the best thing for our town.' It also reports that the road opened in March, that traffic rose by 200 vehicles, and that the clinic journey now takes 20 minutes. Which statement is an opinion rather than a fact?

  1. The new road was officially opened in March this year.
  2. The new road is the best thing for our town. Correct answer.
  3. The clinic journey now takes only 20 minutes.
  4. Traffic on the road rose by 200 vehicles each day.

Explanation

A fact can be checked against evidence, such as a date, a traffic count, or a travel time. The claim that the road is 'the best thing' expresses a judgement of value. That evaluative wording makes it an opinion.

Question 47Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab paragraph introduces 'the old women' in its first sentence. A later sentence says, 'They taught the girls to soften the leather.' To whom does 'They' most clearly refer?

  1. The young girls
  2. The old women Correct answer.
  3. The village visitors
  4. The tanned leather

Explanation

Pronoun reference usually points to a recently introduced noun phrase that fits the action. The old women are the introduced group that can teach the girls, while the girls are the ones being taught. No visitors are mentioned.

Question 48Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab passage describes two ways of storing grain: sealed containers and traditional baskets. It gives the advantages and risks of each method. How is the passage mainly organised?

  1. As a chronological story about a harvest
  2. As a problem with a single proposed solution
  3. As a cause-and-effect chain about one method
  4. As a comparison of two storage methods Correct answer.

Explanation

The passage presents two methods side by side and weighs their advantages and risks. That side-by-side treatment is comparison, not a single cause-effect chain, a narrative, or one solution. The organisation is therefore comparative.

Question 49Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab writer discusses a new government policy. The writer notes some possible benefits but also says, 'Promises are easy' and 'We have heard this before.' Which description best fits the writer's tone?

  1. Neutral and purely factual
  2. Angry and personally abusive
  3. Enthusiastic and completely uncritical
  4. Skeptical but not dismissive Correct answer.

Explanation

The writer concedes possible benefits, so the tone is not completely dismissive. The comments about easy promises and past experience show doubt. That combination makes the tone skeptical rather than enthusiastic, abusive, or purely factual.

Question 50Reading comprehension of Khoekhoegowab texts

A Khoekhoegowab passage says a community reduced early-season burning of grassland. Later, after strong winds, a fire did not reach the homes, and new grass appeared sooner than before. Which conclusion is best supported by the passage?

  1. Burning grassland always destroys every home nearby.
  2. The community gave up keeping livestock after the fire.
  3. Less early burning reduced fire risk and aided grazing. Correct answer.
  4. Strong winds alone made the new grass appear.

Explanation

The passage links reduced early burning to two outcomes: homes were spared when fire came and new grass appeared sooner. A supported conclusion should connect both outcomes to the change in burning practice. The other options contradict the passage or add unsupported claims.