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NASM-WLS practice questions

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Question 1Weight Loss Specialization

In the NASM Weight Loss Specialization, which assessment is used specifically to estimate a client's daily caloric expenditure from activity, so programming can be matched to real energy needs?

  1. The overhead squat assessment
  2. The physical activity recall questionnaire Correct answer.
  3. The YMCA bench press test
  4. The 3-minute step test

Explanation

A physical activity recall captures the type, frequency, and duration of a client's weekly activity so the trainer can estimate total daily energy expenditure and set realistic caloric and exercise targets. The other listed tests measure movement quality or cardiorespiratory fitness rather than habitual activity volume.

Question 2Weight Loss Specialization

A client reports a BMI of 31. According to standard classification, how is this BMI categorized?

  1. Normal weight
  2. Obesity class I Correct answer.
  3. Obesity class II
  4. Overweight

Explanation

BMI values from 30.0 to 34.9 fall into obesity class I, while 25.0 to 29.9 is overweight and 35.0 to 39.9 is class II. A BMI of 31 therefore sits in class I.

Question 3Weight Loss Specialization

Which measurement best estimates visceral fat risk when a waist circumference is combined with height?

  1. Waist-to-height ratio Correct answer.
  2. Waist-to-hip ratio
  3. Body mass index
  4. Skinfold sum

Explanation

The waist-to-height ratio compares abdominal circumference to stature and flags central adiposity, which is closely linked to cardiometabolic risk. A ratio near or above 0.5 is commonly used as an action threshold.

Question 4Weight Loss Specialization

During the initial consultation, a client mentions taking a prescription weight-loss medication. What is the trainer's most appropriate action?

  1. Adjust the client's dosage schedule to match training days
  2. Discontinue all exercise until the medication is finished
  3. Refer the client to the prescribing provider and continue programming within scope Correct answer.
  4. Recommend an over-the-counter supplement to reduce side effects

Explanation

Trainers work within scope of practice, so medication management belongs to the prescribing clinician while the trainer coordinates safe exercise programming. Communication with the provider supports client safety without overstepping professional boundaries.

Question 5Weight Loss Specialization

Which client statement best reflects an intrinsic motivation for weight loss?

  1. My doctor told me I have to lose weight
  2. I want to keep up with my grandchildren without getting winded Correct answer.
  3. I want to look better for my reunion photos
  4. My spouse says I need to change my habits

Explanation

Intrinsic motivation comes from personally meaningful outcomes such as health, function, and enjoyment rather than external pressure or appearance-based approval. Wanting to keep pace with grandchildren reflects a valued, self-endorsed goal.

Question 6Weight Loss Specialization

Which training variable should be prioritized first when a deconditioned client with obesity begins a program?

  1. Weekly volume of high-intensity intervals
  2. Plyometric landing force
  3. Maximal strength loads near one-repetition maximum
  4. Movement quality and joint-friendly cardiorespiratory base Correct answer.

Explanation

Early programming for deconditioned clients emphasizes safe movement quality and a sustainable aerobic base before high-intensity or maximal loading. This builds tolerance and adherence while reducing orthopedic strain.

Question 7Weight Loss Specialization

A client's resting heart rate is 70 bpm. Using the heart rate reserve method with a 60% intensity target and an estimated maximum heart rate of 180 bpm, what is the target heart rate?

  1. 136 bpm Correct answer.
  2. 112 bpm
  3. 126 bpm
  4. 150 bpm

Explanation

Heart rate reserve equals maximum minus resting heart rate, or 180 minus 70, which is 110. The target is resting heart rate plus 60% of reserve, or 70 plus 66, giving 136 bpm.

Question 8Weight Loss Specialization

A client has lost 8% of body weight and reports feeling hungrier and more fatigued during sessions. Which adaptation should the trainer anticipate?

  1. A permanent rise in resting metabolic rate
  2. A compensatory reduction in energy expenditure and spontaneous movement Correct answer.
  3. An increase in non-exercise activity thermogenesis
  4. A decrease in appetite-regulating hormones

Explanation

Weight loss triggers metabolic and behavioral compensation, including reduced spontaneous movement and lower energy expenditure, which can slow further progress. Recognizing this helps the trainer adjust activity targets and expectations rather than blame the client.

Question 9Weight Loss Specialization

Which behavior-change technique asks a client to link a new walking habit to an existing daily routine, such as walking after morning coffee?

  1. Decisional balance
  2. Implementation intention Correct answer.
  3. Motivational interviewing
  4. Stimulus control

Explanation

An implementation intention specifies when, where, and how a behavior will occur, often by anchoring it to an existing cue. Pairing a walk with morning coffee is a classic if-then plan that improves follow-through.

Question 10Weight Loss Specialization

A client wants to lose fat while preserving lean mass. Which resistance training approach best supports this goal?

  1. Endless circuit training with no progression
  2. Very light loads with sets taken far from fatigue
  3. Only machine-based isolation work at high repetitions
  4. Moderate loads with progressive overload and adequate protein intake Correct answer.

Explanation

Progressive resistance training with moderate loads provides the mechanical stimulus to retain lean mass during an energy deficit, and adequate protein supplies the substrate for repair. Together they help direct weight loss toward fat.

Question 11Weight Loss Specialization

Which dietary pattern is most consistent with a sustainable fat-loss approach for a general client?

  1. Eliminating all carbohydrate sources indefinitely
  2. Skipping breakfast and lunch to save calories
  3. A modest energy deficit with adequate protein and mostly whole foods Correct answer.
  4. Relying on meal-replacement shakes for every meal

Explanation

A modest deficit combined with adequate protein and minimally processed foods supports fat loss while preserving satiety and lean mass. This pattern is easier to sustain than extreme restriction.

Question 12Weight Loss Specialization

A client with knee osteoarthritis wants to increase activity. Which modification is most appropriate?

  1. Low-impact cycling and water exercise with gradual progression Correct answer.
  2. Deep box jumps to strengthen the legs
  3. Heavy barbell squats to full depth immediately
  4. Daily running on hills to build tolerance

Explanation

Low-impact modes such as cycling and water exercise reduce joint loading while still building cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular endurance. Gradual progression respects irritated joint tissue.

Question 13Weight Loss Specialization

Which statement about spot reduction is accurate for a trainer to share with a client?

  1. Fat loss follows the order in which muscles are exercised
  2. High repetitions on the abdomen preferentially burn abdominal fat
  3. Fat is mobilized systemically rather than from the muscle being trained Correct answer.
  4. Training the arms reduces arm fat before other regions

Explanation

Lipolysis is governed by whole-body energy balance and hormonal signaling, so fat is released systemically rather than from the specific area being worked. Clients should expect overall fat loss, not targeted removal.

Question 14Weight Loss Specialization

A client has plateaued after losing 10 kg over six months. Which analysis is most useful before changing the program?

  1. Replace strength training with daily fasting
  2. Reassess current weight, activity, sleep, and intake to identify the new maintenance point Correct answer.
  3. Assume the client is cheating and add punishment sessions
  4. Immediately double all training volume

Explanation

A plateau often reflects a lower body mass and reduced energy expenditure, so the old deficit is now maintenance. Reassessing current data identifies where to adjust rather than guessing or blaming the client.

Question 15Weight Loss Specialization

Which statement correctly distinguishes physical activity from exercise?

  1. Physical activity is any bodily movement, while exercise is planned and structured Correct answer.
  2. Exercise excludes structured strength training
  3. The two terms are interchangeable in all contexts
  4. Exercise is any bodily movement, while physical activity is planned training

Explanation

Physical activity refers to any bodily movement that raises energy expenditure, while exercise is a planned, structured, and repetitive subset aimed at improving fitness. This distinction matters when estimating total daily expenditure.

Question 16Weight Loss Specialization

A trainer wants to reduce sedentary time for an office worker. Which strategy aligns best with the concept of reducing sitting bouts?

  1. Short standing or walking breaks every 45 to 60 minutes Correct answer.
  2. One 60-minute workout per week with no other movement
  3. Replacing all walking with seated stretching
  4. Waiting until the weekend to accumulate activity

Explanation

Frequent brief breaks interrupt prolonged sitting, which is associated with cardiometabolic risk independent of total exercise. Accumulating small bouts throughout the day targets the sedentary pattern itself.

Question 17Weight Loss Specialization

A client reports losing weight quickly on a very-low-calorie diet but feels weak and is losing strength. Which interpretation is most accurate?

  1. Strength loss should be ignored during weight loss
  2. The weight lost is entirely fat, so no adjustment is needed
  3. Weakness proves the diet is working optimally
  4. Rapid loss likely includes lean mass, so protein and resistance training should be increased Correct answer.

Explanation

Aggressive energy restriction without adequate protein and resistance training accelerates lean-mass loss, which shows up as strength decline. Increasing protein and resistance stimulus helps protect muscle while continuing fat loss.

Question 18Weight Loss Specialization

Why is self-monitoring of dietary intake considered a high-value behavior-change tool in weight management?

  1. It removes the need for any physical activity
  2. It increases awareness of eating patterns and supports timely adjustments Correct answer.
  3. It guarantees a specific rate of weight loss
  4. It replaces the need for goal setting

Explanation

Recording intake builds awareness of portion sizes, timing, and triggers, which enables the client and trainer to make targeted adjustments. Awareness itself frequently improves adherence and self-regulation.

Question 19Weight Loss Specialization

A client's waist circumference has decreased while body weight is unchanged after eight weeks of training. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. The client gained only fat during the program
  2. The measurements must be errors because weight did not change
  3. Fat mass decreased while lean mass increased, so composition changed Correct answer.
  4. Waist circumference is unrelated to body composition

Explanation

Resistance training plus a modest deficit can produce fat loss alongside lean-mass gain, leaving scale weight stable while girth shrinks. This is why composition measures supplement the scale.

Question 20Weight Loss Specialization

Which scenario best illustrates the transtheoretical model stage of preparation?

  1. A client has maintained a program for two years
  2. A client intends to start a walking program within the next 30 days and has bought shoes Correct answer.
  3. A client has no intention to change within six months
  4. A client has relapsed and stopped all activity

Explanation

Preparation is marked by intention to act in the near future plus small initial steps, such as purchasing equipment. This distinguishes it from contemplation, where intention exists without action steps.

Question 21Weight Loss Specialization

A client asks how many days per week of moderate aerobic activity generally support weight management. Which recommendation is most consistent with public health guidance?

  1. No aerobic activity if strength training is performed
  2. Only weekend sessions of any length
  3. Ten minutes once per week
  4. At least 150 minutes per week, with more for extended weight-loss goals Correct answer.

Explanation

Public health guidance recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity weekly for general health, and greater volumes are often needed for weight-loss and maintenance goals. This frames a realistic starting target.

Question 22Weight Loss Specialization

A trainer is setting a SMART goal with a client. Which goal best meets the criteria?

  1. Lose some weight soon
  2. Exercise more often when possible
  3. Walk 30 minutes on five days each week for the next eight weeks Correct answer.
  4. Try to be healthier this year

Explanation

A SMART goal is specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound, and the walking goal specifies frequency, duration, and a deadline. Vague aspirations lack measurable targets and timelines.

Question 23Weight Loss Specialization

Which outcome is the most appropriate early marker of program success for a client focused on fat loss?

  1. Immediate visible abdominal definition
  2. A drop in scale weight every single week
  3. Perfect dietary compliance every day
  4. Improved adherence, energy, and circumference measures Correct answer.

Explanation

Early success is better judged by behavioral adherence, energy, and circumference change than by linear scale weight, which fluctuates with water and glycogen. These markers reflect sustainable progress.

Question 24Weight Loss Specialization

Which statement about protein intake during an energy deficit is most accurate?

  1. Protein intake has no effect on satiety
  2. Protein needs decrease during a deficit
  3. Very low protein intake protects muscle during weight loss
  4. Adequate protein supports satiety and lean-mass retention Correct answer.

Explanation

In an energy deficit, adequate protein helps preserve lean mass when paired with resistance training and also supports satiety. This makes it a priority when calories are reduced.

Question 25Weight Loss Specialization

A client with hypertension wants to begin interval training. Which approach is most appropriate?

  1. Use breath-holding during effort
  2. Skip warm-up to keep heart rate low
  3. Begin with low-intensity intervals and monitor response closely Correct answer.
  4. Start at maximal intensity to save time

Explanation

Clients with hypertension should start with conservative intensities, adequate warm-up, and close monitoring of symptoms and blood pressure response. Progression follows tolerance rather than maximal effort.

Question 26Weight Loss Specialization

Which component of the OPT model is most appropriate to emphasize first for a beginner with obesity who has limited mobility?

  1. Stabilization endurance Correct answer.
  2. Maximal strength
  3. Hypertrophy
  4. Power

Explanation

The stabilization endurance phase focuses on improving movement quality, joint stability, and muscular endurance with low loads and controlled tempo, which suits deconditioned clients who need to build a base before higher-intensity work. Maximal strength, power, and hypertrophy phases require more load and intensity and are introduced later in the OPT progression.

Question 27Weight Loss Specialization

When calculating a target heart rate using the heart rate reserve (Karvonen) method, which resting value is subtracted from the estimated maximal heart rate?

  1. Age-predicted maximal heart rate
  2. Average heart rate during the last workout
  3. Resting heart rate Correct answer.
  4. Heart rate at ventilatory threshold

Explanation

The Karvonen formula is: Target HR = ((HRmax − HRrest) × intensity%) + HRrest. The resting heart rate is subtracted from maximal heart rate to obtain the heart rate reserve, which is then multiplied by the desired intensity percentage.

Question 28Weight Loss Specialization

Which behavior-change strategy involves pairing a new behavior with an existing habit to increase the likelihood of follow-through?

  1. Decisional balance
  2. Habit stacking Correct answer.
  3. Contingency management
  4. Stimulus control

Explanation

Habit stacking links a new behavior to an already established routine, using the existing habit as a cue. This reduces reliance on motivation and makes the new behavior more automatic.

Question 29Weight Loss Specialization

Which resistance training variable is most important to manipulate to help a client in an energy deficit retain lean body mass?

  1. Training volume and progressive overload Correct answer.
  2. Time under tension only
  3. Exercise order only
  4. Rest interval length only

Explanation

Adequate training volume combined with progressive overload provides the mechanical stimulus needed to preserve lean mass during a deficit. While rest intervals, exercise order, and tempo matter, volume and overload are the primary drivers of muscle retention.

Question 30Weight Loss Specialization

A client with obesity and no diagnosed eating disorder reports frequent overeating in the evening. Which trainer action is most appropriate within scope of practice?

  1. Refer the client to a qualified healthcare provider while continuing to support physical activity goals Correct answer.
  2. Advise the client to skip breakfast to compensate
  3. Recommend a very-low-calorie diet to reset eating patterns
  4. Diagnose binge eating disorder and prescribe a meal plan

Explanation

Persistent overeating may indicate an eating disorder or other condition that requires evaluation by a qualified professional. The trainer should refer out while continuing to support safe physical activity and general healthy behaviors within scope.

Question 31Weight Loss Specialization

Which statement best describes the relationship between physical activity and exercise in the context of weight management?

  1. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive Correct answer.
  2. Exercise and physical activity are identical terms with no distinction
  3. Physical activity is a subset of exercise that occurs only during leisure time
  4. Physical activity refers only to formal gym-based training

Explanation

Physical activity encompasses all bodily movement that increases energy expenditure, while exercise is a planned, structured, and repetitive subset aimed at improving fitness. This distinction helps trainers address both structured workouts and daily movement.

Question 32Weight Loss Specialization

A client who works at a desk for eight hours asks for a simple strategy to reduce sedentary time. Which approach aligns best with current recommendations?

  1. Replace all sitting with standing for the entire workday
  2. Stand or move for two to three minutes every 30 to 60 minutes Correct answer.
  3. Use a stability ball as a chair for the full day
  4. Perform one 60-minute workout per week and otherwise remain seated

Explanation

Brief, frequent breaks from sitting, such as standing or moving for a few minutes every 30 to 60 minutes, are recommended to break up sedentary time. Prolonged standing or sitting on a stability ball all day can cause discomfort and does not replace the benefit of frequent movement breaks.

Question 33Weight Loss Specialization

A client on a very-low-calorie diet reports rapid weight loss but also dizziness and loss of strength. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

  1. The client should increase training intensity to offset the symptoms
  2. The symptoms are normal and will resolve without changes
  3. The diet may be too aggressive and is likely causing lean mass loss and inadequate nutrient intake Correct answer.
  4. The client is losing fat rapidly and should continue the diet

Explanation

Very-low-calorie diets can lead to rapid weight loss that includes lean mass and may cause nutrient deficiencies, dizziness, and fatigue. The trainer should recognize these warning signs and encourage the client to consult a healthcare provider about a more moderate approach.

Question 34Weight Loss Specialization

Why is self-monitoring of food intake considered a valuable behavior-change tool in weight management?

  1. It eliminates the influence of environmental cues
  2. It increases awareness of eating patterns and creates accountability Correct answer.
  3. It guarantees a specific rate of weight loss
  4. It replaces the need for any physical activity

Explanation

Self-monitoring raises awareness of what, when, and why a client eats, which supports accountability and informed adjustments. It does not guarantee a particular rate of loss, replace activity, or remove environmental influences.

Question 35Weight Loss Specialization

After eight weeks of training, a client's waist circumference has decreased while body weight is unchanged. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. The client has lost fat and gained lean mass Correct answer.
  2. The client is not making progress and the program should change
  3. The scale is broken and should be ignored
  4. The client has gained fat and lost muscle

Explanation

A reduction in waist circumference with stable body weight often indicates fat loss accompanied by lean mass gain, a favorable body composition change. The scale alone does not capture this and the program should not be changed based on weight alone.

Question 36Weight Loss Specialization

A client says they are ready to start a walking program next week and has already bought shoes. Which stage of the transtheoretical model does this best illustrate?

  1. Precontemplation
  2. Action
  3. Contemplation
  4. Preparation Correct answer.

Explanation

Preparation is characterized by intending to take action in the near future and taking small steps, such as purchasing equipment. Contemplation involves considering change but not yet committing, and action involves having recently begun the behavior.

Question 37Weight Loss Specialization

A client wants to lose fat and asks how many days per week of moderate aerobic activity are generally recommended for weight management. Which recommendation is most consistent with public health guidelines?

  1. 60 minutes once per week
  2. No aerobic activity is needed if resistance training is performed
  3. At least 150 to 300 minutes per week Correct answer.
  4. 20 to 30 minutes per week

Explanation

Public health guidelines recommend at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for weight management and health benefits. Lower amounts provide some benefit but are below the general recommendation for weight management.

Question 38Weight Loss Specialization

A trainer is helping a client set a goal for the next month. Which goal best meets SMART criteria?

  1. Eat healthier
  2. Walk 30 minutes on five days each week for the next four weeks Correct answer.
  3. Exercise more often
  4. Lose weight

Explanation

A SMART goal is specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. Walking 30 minutes on five days per week for four weeks meets all these criteria, while the other options are vague and lack measurability and a time frame.

Question 39Weight Loss Specialization

For a client focused on fat loss, which early marker is most useful for the trainer to monitor to gauge program success?

  1. Daily fluctuations in body weight
  2. Number of exercises performed per session
  3. Changes in waist circumference and adherence to the program Correct answer.
  4. Amount of weight lifted in a single session

Explanation

Early success is better reflected by changes in waist circumference, adherence, and other behavioral markers than by daily weight fluctuations, which are influenced by many transient factors. Exercise count and single-session strength are not reliable indicators of fat-loss progress.

Question 40Weight Loss Specialization

Which statement about protein intake during an energy deficit is most accurate for a client trying to lose fat?

  1. Protein should only be consumed immediately after training
  2. Protein should be kept very low to maximize fat loss
  3. Protein intake has no effect on lean mass during a deficit
  4. Higher protein intake can help preserve lean mass and increase satiety Correct answer.

Explanation

During an energy deficit, higher protein intake helps preserve lean body mass and can improve satiety, supporting adherence. It is not necessary to keep protein very low or to consume it only post-workout.

Question 41Weight Loss Specialization

A client with knee osteoarthritis wants to increase physical activity. Which modification is most appropriate?

  1. Select low-impact activities such as cycling or water exercise Correct answer.
  2. Choose high-impact plyometric exercises to strengthen the knee
  3. Avoid all weight-bearing activity indefinitely
  4. Perform deep squats with heavy loads daily

Explanation

Low-impact activities reduce joint stress while allowing the client to be active and build strength. High-impact or heavy loaded exercises may exacerbate symptoms, and avoiding all weight-bearing activity is not necessary and can lead to further deconditioning.

Question 42Weight Loss Specialization

Which physiological adaptation helps explain why weight loss slows over time during a sustained energy deficit?

  1. Increased resting metabolic rate
  2. Improved exercise efficiency without any change in energy expenditure
  3. Decreased total daily energy expenditure due to lower body mass and adaptive thermogenesis Correct answer.
  4. Increased lean body mass

Explanation

As body mass decreases, total daily energy expenditure falls, and adaptive thermogenesis can further reduce energy expenditure beyond what is predicted by weight loss alone. This helps explain the slowing of weight loss over time.

Question 43Weight Loss Specialization

A client using a wearable tracker becomes discouraged by daily step counts that vary widely. What is the best trainer response?

  1. Tell the client to stop using the tracker entirely
  2. Focus on weekly averages and trends rather than daily fluctuations Correct answer.
  3. Compare the client's step counts to other clients
  4. Set a higher daily step goal to increase motivation

Explanation

Daily step counts naturally fluctuate due to many factors, so focusing on weekly averages and trends provides a more stable and meaningful picture of progress. Abandoning the tracker or comparing to others may reduce motivation.

Question 44Weight Loss Specialization

Which behavior-change construct from social cognitive theory refers to a client's belief in their ability to perform a specific behavior?

  1. Decisional balance
  2. Locus of control
  3. Stimulus control
  4. Self-efficacy Correct answer.

Explanation

Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capability to execute the actions required to achieve a goal. It is a central construct in social cognitive theory and strongly influences effort and persistence.

Question 45Weight Loss Specialization

A client wants to lose fat but has a history of yo-yo dieting and feels overwhelmed. Which coaching approach is most appropriate?

  1. Recommend a very-low-calorie diet for rapid results
  2. Start with small, sustainable changes and build self-efficacy gradually Correct answer.
  3. Focus only on the scale to track progress
  4. Prescribe a strict meal plan with no flexibility

Explanation

For a client with a history of yo-yo dieting, starting with small, sustainable changes helps build confidence and adherence. Strict plans, extreme diets, and scale-only focus can reinforce the cycle of restriction and rebound.

Question 46Weight Loss Specialization

Which statement best explains why sleep is relevant to weight management?

  1. Short sleep can disrupt appetite-regulating hormones and increase hunger Correct answer.
  2. Sleep only affects mood, not eating behavior
  3. Sleep has no effect on energy balance
  4. Longer sleep always leads to weight gain

Explanation

Insufficient sleep can alter levels of hormones such as ghrelin and leptin, increasing appetite and cravings, and may also reduce energy for activity. Sleep is therefore a relevant factor in weight management.

Question 47Weight Loss Specialization

Which body-composition assessment method estimates body fat by measuring the volume of water displaced when a client is fully submerged?

  1. Skinfold caliper testing
  2. Hydrostatic weighing Correct answer.
  3. Air displacement plethysmography
  4. Bioelectrical impedance analysis

Explanation

Hydrostatic weighing uses Archimedes' principle, comparing underwater weight with land weight to derive body density and then estimate body fat percentage. It is often treated as a laboratory criterion method, though it requires submersion and relies on assumptions about residual lung volume.

Question 48Weight Loss Specialization

For most clients, which body fat percentage range is generally considered acceptable for men?

  1. 2 to 5 percent
  2. 10 to 20 percent Correct answer.
  3. 35 to 45 percent
  4. 25 to 35 percent

Explanation

Health and fitness organizations commonly cite roughly 10 to 20 percent body fat as an acceptable range for adult men, with essential fat much lower. Values well above this range are associated with increased health risk, while extremely low values can impair hormonal and immune function.

Question 49Weight Loss Specialization

A client's body mass index is 31. Into which category does this value fall?

  1. Obesity class II
  2. Overweight
  3. Obesity class I Correct answer.
  4. Normal weight

Explanation

BMI categories place 30.0 to 34.9 in obesity class I, 25.0 to 29.9 in overweight, and 35.0 to 39.9 in obesity class II. A BMI of 31 therefore falls into obesity class I.

Question 50Weight Loss Specialization

Which energy expenditure component typically makes up the largest share of total daily energy expenditure in a sedentary adult?

  1. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis
  2. Resting metabolic rate Correct answer.
  3. Thermic effect of food
  4. Thermic effect of exercise

Explanation

Resting metabolic rate accounts for roughly 60 to 70 percent of total daily energy expenditure in most sedentary adults, making it the largest component. Exercise activity, food digestion, and spontaneous movement contribute smaller shares.