New Brunswick Learner Test cheat sheet

Right-hand traffic: drive on the right side of the roadway; on a two-lane road you may pass on the left only when it is safe and permitted.

Speed limits in New Brunswick unless posted otherwise: 50 km/h in cities, towns and villages; 80 km/h on highways outside built-up areas; 100 km/h on the Trans-Canada Highway and designated freeways. Always obey lower posted limits.

At a 4-way stop, the vehicle that stopped first proceeds first; if two vehicles stop at the same time, the vehicle on the right has the right of way.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right; a vehicle turning right on red must first stop, then yield to pedestrians and cross traffic.

Passing is prohibited on a solid yellow line on your side, on curves, hills and at intersections without a signal, and within marked no-passing zones.

When a school bus displays flashing red lights and its stop arm, traffic in both directions must stop until the lights stop flashing; on a divided highway only traffic approaching from behind the bus must stop.

Emergency vehicles with lights and siren have the right of way: pull to the right and stop, or clear the intersection if you are in it, until the vehicle has passed.

Pedestrians in a crosswalk have the right of way; a driver must not pass a vehicle stopped at a crosswalk, and must yield when a pedestrian is crossing or clearly about to cross.

Sign shape carries meaning: octagon = STOP, inverted triangle = YIELD, diamond = warning, rectangle = regulatory or information, pentagon = school zone or school crossing, circle = railway advance warning.

Sign colour carries meaning: red = stop or prohibition, yellow = warning, orange = construction or maintenance, green = direction and distance, blue = services, white with black = regulatory, brown = points of interest.

A flashing red light means the same as a stop sign: come to a full stop, yield, then proceed when safe. A flashing yellow light means slow down and proceed with caution.

A solid red light means stop and remain stopped; a green light means proceed if the intersection is clear; a green arrow gives a protected turn in the direction shown.

A yellow light means the signal is changing to red: stop if you can do so safely, otherwise clear the intersection; entering on red is a violation.

Railway crossings: a crossbuck (X-shaped sign) marks the crossing; flashing red lights and bells mean stop and do not proceed until the signals stop and the track is clear.

Pavement markings: solid yellow separates opposing traffic, broken yellow permits passing when safe, solid white marks the right edge or separates lanes moving the same way, and a shared centre left-turn lane is used only for turning left.

A stop line, crosswalk or the edge of the roadway marks where you must stop for a stop sign or red light; if there is no line, stop before the crosswalk or intersection.

Following distance rule: stay at least two seconds behind the vehicle ahead in good conditions; increase to three or more seconds at night, in rain, on gravel or when following a large vehicle.

Adverse weather: reduce speed, increase following distance, use headlights when visibility is reduced, and never use cruise control on wet, icy or snowy surfaces.

Zero tolerance for new drivers: a novice (Class 7) driver with any alcohol in the blood is subject to licence suspension; impairment by alcohol, cannabis or other drugs is illegal for all drivers.

Seat belts are mandatory for the driver and all passengers, and children must be secured in an appropriate child restraint; the driver is responsible for passengers under 16.

Hand-held device use while driving is prohibited; a device may only be used hands-free, and novice drivers may not use any electronic device while driving.

Fatigue: symptoms include yawning, drifting between lanes and heavy eyelids; the only effective remedy is to stop and rest, since fresh air and loud music do not restore alertness.

Sharing the road: give cyclists at least one metre of space when passing where practical, watch for motorcycles in blind spots, and yield to large trucks making wide right turns.

Collision and emergency procedure: stop, provide assistance, call emergency services, exchange required information, and report the collision to police as required by law.

New Brunswick uses a graduated licensing system: Class 7 Level 1 (learner), Class 7 Level 2 (novice), then Class 5 (full passenger vehicle) after meeting time and conduct requirements.

Level 1 requires a supervising driver who holds a valid Class 5 licence with at least three years of driving experience, seated in the front passenger seat.

Level 1 restrictions include zero blood alcohol, no driving between midnight and 5 a.m., and a limit of one passenger besides the supervisor; Level 2 removes the hour and passenger limits but keeps zero alcohol.

A knowledge test and vision test are required to obtain a learner licence; a road test is required to advance from Level 2 to a full Class 5 licence.

Vehicle registration and insurance: a vehicle must be registered and carry valid liability insurance to be driven on a public road; proof of insurance and registration must be produced on request.

Safety inspections: vehicles must pass a provincial safety inspection as scheduled, and the inspection sticker must be displayed on the vehicle.

Demerit points accumulate for convictions such as speeding and failing to stop; accumulating too many points leads to suspension, and novice drivers face suspension at a lower threshold.

Licence renewal and address changes: a driver must notify the licensing authority of a change of address and renew the licence before it expires to keep driving privileges valid.