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NENA ENP practice questions

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Question 1Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which best describes the function of a PSAP in an emergency number system?

  1. It maintains the public telephone network's physical cabling
  2. It manufactures the equipment used by call takers
  3. It receives emergency calls and dispatches the appropriate response Correct answer.
  4. It sets national telecommunications tariff policy

Explanation

A Public Safety Answering Point is the facility that answers 9-1-1 calls and coordinates dispatch of emergency responders. It is an operational answering and dispatch entity, not a regulatory or network-maintenance body.

Question 2Emergency Number Systems and Technology

In North America, what does the abbreviation ANI provide to a PSAP?

  1. The name of the carrier handling the call
  2. The GPS coordinates of the tower
  3. The telephone number of the calling party Correct answer.
  4. The street address of the caller

Explanation

Automatic Number Identification delivers the calling party's telephone number to the answering equipment. It does not itself supply location or carrier identity, which come from other data sources or signaling.

Question 3Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the primary purpose of Automatic Location Identification (ALI) in a wireline 9-1-1 system?

  1. To record the call for quality assurance
  2. To route the call to the nearest cell tower
  3. To bill the caller for the emergency call
  4. To provide the PSAP with the caller's registered address Correct answer.

Explanation

ALI matches the calling number to a database record containing the subscriber's registered street address and related information. That address is displayed to the call taker to help direct responders.

Question 4Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which term describes the basic 9-1-1 service that delivers only the callback number and no location data?

  1. Enhanced 9-1-1
  2. Next Generation 9-1-1
  3. Text-to-9-1-1
  4. Basic 9-1-1 Correct answer.

Explanation

Basic 9-1-1 provides call routing and ANI (the callback number) but does not automatically deliver location information. Enhanced 9-1-1 adds ALI so the call taker receives address data.

Question 5Emergency Number Systems and Technology

A PSAP's trunk group is configured so that an incoming 9-1-1 call is delivered to a specific answering position based on the calling number's exchange. Which function is being performed?

  1. Voice logging
  2. Automatic call distribution
  3. Selective routing Correct answer.
  4. Call recording

Explanation

Selective routing uses the calling number's exchange (NXX) to determine which PSAP or answering position should receive the call. It is a routing decision based on number data rather than a recording or distribution feature.

Question 6Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What does a CPE (customer premises equipment) system at a PSAP typically include?

  1. A cellular base station and antenna array
  2. Call-handling positions, a controller, and trunk interfaces Correct answer.
  3. A billing mediation server
  4. A public switched telephone network central office switch

Explanation

PSAP CPE consists of the answering positions, the control/processing equipment, and the interfaces to the incoming trunks. It is the on-premises call handling system, distinct from carrier network equipment.

Question 7Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which protocol is commonly used between a PSAP's call-handling equipment and the ALI database to request location records?

  1. HTTP over TLS
  2. SMTP
  3. A dedicated ALI query link using a data protocol such as X.25 or TCP/IP Correct answer.
  4. SS7 ISUP

Explanation

ALI queries travel over a dedicated data link between the PSAP controller and the ALI database, using data protocols that have evolved from X.25 to TCP/IP. These are data connections, not mail, web, or voice signaling protocols.

Question 8Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the role of a selective router in a traditional E9-1-1 network?

  1. It stores subscriber billing records
  2. It provides the PSAP with mapping software
  3. It steers emergency calls to the correct PSAP based on routing data Correct answer.
  4. It encrypts calls between carriers

Explanation

The selective router examines routing information associated with the call and directs it to the appropriate PSAP. It is a network routing element rather than a data store or application server.

Question 9Emergency Number Systems and Technology

A wireless caller dials 9-1-1. Which location method relies on the handset using satellite positioning?

  1. Selective routing by NXX
  2. GPS-assisted location Correct answer.
  3. ALI street address lookup
  4. Network-based triangulation

Explanation

GPS-assisted location uses satellite signals received by the handset to compute position. Network-based methods use carrier infrastructure rather than satellite ranging.

Question 10Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Phase I wireless 9-1-1 service provides which location information to the PSAP?

  1. A polygon of the caller's neighborhood
  2. The caller's exact latitude and longitude
  3. The cell site/sector serving the call Correct answer.
  4. The caller's home address

Explanation

Phase I wireless service delivers the callback number plus the address of the cell site and sector handling the call. Phase II adds more precise location such as latitude and longitude.

Question 11Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which statement best distinguishes Phase II wireless location from Phase I?

  1. Phase II provides only the callback number
  2. Phase II applies only to wireline subscribers
  3. Phase II eliminates the need for a PSAP
  4. Phase II provides more precise location such as latitude and longitude Correct answer.

Explanation

Phase II delivers location with greater precision, typically latitude and longitude, rather than just the serving cell site. It builds on the callback number and cell information provided in Phase I.

Question 12Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the primary benefit of Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG9-1-1) architecture?

  1. It requires all callers to use a landline
  2. It removes the need for location data
  3. It limits emergency calls to a single carrier
  4. It uses IP-based networks to accept voice, text, and multimedia Correct answer.

Explanation

NG9-1-1 is built on IP-based networks and can accept voice, text, images, and other multimedia from a variety of access methods. It enhances rather than removes location handling and does not restrict callers to one carrier.

Question 13Emergency Number Systems and Technology

In NG9-1-1, which element is responsible for determining the correct destination PSAP for a call?

  1. The caller's handset operating system
  2. The Emergency Services IP Network (ESInet) routing function Correct answer.
  3. The ALI database alone
  4. The call taker's headset

Explanation

The ESInet provides IP transport and includes routing functions that determine the appropriate PSAP destination using location and policy data. It is the network layer that performs policy-based routing in NG9-1-1.

Question 14Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What does a Location Information Server (LIS) provide in an NG9-1-1 environment?

  1. It dispatches responders to the scene
  2. It bills carriers for emergency services
  3. It stores and serves location information for endpoints Correct answer.
  4. It records all emergency calls

Explanation

A LIS maintains location data for endpoints and provides it to authorized requesters so calls can be routed and located. It is a location data service, not a recording, dispatch, or billing system.

Question 15Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which standard defines the i3 architecture for NG9-1-1 interoperability?

  1. TIA-568
  2. IEEE 802.3
  3. FCC Part 15
  4. NENA i3 Correct answer.

Explanation

The NENA i3 standard specifies the architecture, interfaces, and functional elements for NG9-1-1 interoperability. The other listed standards address cabling, local networking, or radio frequency emissions.

Question 16Emergency Number Systems and Technology

A call taker receives a 9-1-1 call where the ANI is missing. What is the most appropriate operational concern?

  1. The PSAP must disconnect the call
  2. The callback number is unavailable, so the call taker should confirm contact information verbally Correct answer.
  3. The call must be transferred to the carrier
  4. The call cannot be answered

Explanation

Missing ANI means the callback number is not displayed, so the call taker should gather alternate contact information from the caller. The call can still be answered and processed; it is not automatically invalid.

Question 17Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which of the following best describes a call-back number's role in emergency response?

  1. It determines the dispatch priority
  2. It is used to reconnect with the caller if the call drops Correct answer.
  3. It identifies the responding agency
  4. It sets the call recording retention period

Explanation

The callback number lets the PSAP re-establish contact if the connection is lost or additional information is needed. It does not set dispatch priority, agency identity, or retention policy.

Question 18Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the purpose of a PSAP's ANI/ALI controller?

  1. To host the PSAP's website
  2. To manage the data link and deliver ANI/ALI to answering positions Correct answer.
  3. To provide radio communications to field units
  4. To power the building's backup generators

Explanation

The ANI/ALI controller manages the link to the ALI database and distributes the associated data to the call-handling positions. Radio, power, and web hosting are separate systems.

Question 19Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which statement accurately describes the difference between a primary PSAP and a secondary PSAP?

  1. Primary PSAPs handle only wireless calls
  2. Secondary PSAPs are always operated by the federal government
  3. Secondary PSAPs do not have call takers
  4. Primary PSAPs answer calls first; secondary PSAPs receive transferred calls for specialized handling Correct answer.

Explanation

A primary PSAP is the initial answering point, while a secondary PSAP typically receives calls transferred from the primary for specialized functions such as fire or EMS dispatch. Ownership and call type are not what define the distinction.

Question 20Emergency Number Systems and Technology

In an E9-1-1 network, what does the term 'selective transfer' refer to?

  1. Transferring a call between PSAPs while retaining the ANI/ALI data Correct answer.
  2. Transferring a caller to a non-emergency line
  3. Transferring a call to the carrier's billing department
  4. Transferring a call to voicemail

Explanation

Selective transfer moves an emergency call from one PSAP to another while preserving the associated ANI and ALI information. This keeps location and callback data available to the receiving PSAP.

Question 21Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the function of a call detail recording (CDR) system at a PSAP?

  1. To provide dispatch mapping
  2. To log call events and data for later review Correct answer.
  3. To route calls between carriers
  4. To connect the PSAP to the internet

Explanation

CDR systems record call-related events and associated data for review, quality assurance, and investigation. Mapping, internet connectivity, and carrier routing are separate functions.

Question 22Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which technology allows a PSAP to receive emergency text messages?

  1. Text control center (TCC) or short message service to emergency services gateway Correct answer.
  2. ALI database query
  3. Selective router
  4. Analog fax machine

Explanation

Text-to-9-1-1 relies on a gateway or text control center that receives messages and delivers them to the PSAP in a usable format. Fax, ALI queries, and selective routers do not provide this messaging capability.

Question 23Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the primary reason NG9-1-1 introduces the concept of a Policy Routing Function?

  1. To apply rules that determine where and how a call is routed Correct answer.
  2. To store the PSAP's mapping data
  3. To encrypt the call audio
  4. To replace the need for ANI

Explanation

Policy routing applies rules based on location, call type, and other factors to decide the appropriate destination and handling for a call. It is a routing decision function, not an encryption, storage, or data-elimination mechanism.

Question 24Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which of the following is a key operational benefit of an ESInet?

  1. It provides a shared, standards-based IP transport for emergency calls Correct answer.
  2. It guarantees that all callers have GPS
  3. It replaces the need for a location database
  4. It eliminates the need for PSAP staffing

Explanation

An ESInet offers a common IP-based transport that supports interoperability among PSAPs and emergency service providers. It does not supply GPS, remove staffing needs, or eliminate location data requirements.

Question 25Emergency Number Systems and Technology

A wireless 9-1-1 call is routed to the wrong PSAP. Which factor most commonly contributes to this outcome?

  1. The serving cell sector spans a boundary between jurisdictions Correct answer.
  2. The caller's phone battery is low
  3. The call taker's headset is muted
  4. The ALI record contains a stale subscriber address

Explanation

Wireless routing is based on the serving cell site or sector, and a sector that crosses jurisdictional boundaries can send a call to a neighboring PSAP. The caller must then be transferred to the correct answering point.

Question 26Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which standard is commonly used to transmit ALI data between a PSAP's call-handling equipment and the ALI database?

  1. SIP
  2. SS7 ISUP
  3. XML
  4. HTTP Correct answer.

Explanation

ALI queries and responses traditionally use a specialized protocol over a data network, often implemented with HTTP or a similar request-response mechanism. SS7 ISUP is a voice signaling protocol, not used for database queries. SIP is used for session initiation, not ALI record retrieval.

Question 27Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the primary purpose of a PSAP's ANI/ALI controller?

  1. To manage the delivery of ANI and ALI data to the call taker's workstation Correct answer.
  2. To record all 9-1-1 calls for quality assurance
  3. To route calls between different PSAPs
  4. To provide power backup for the PSAP

Explanation

The ANI/ALI controller receives ANI and ALI data from the network and presents it to the CPE for display at the call taker's position. It does not handle call routing between PSAPs, which is the selective router's function. Call recording and power backup are separate systems.

Question 28Emergency Number Systems and Technology

In an E9-1-1 network, what does 'selective transfer' allow a call taker to do?

  1. Send the call to a pre-defined alternate destination, such as another PSAP or agency, with ANI/ALI data Correct answer.
  2. Transfer the call to a wireless carrier's customer service
  3. Transfer a call to any internal extension within the PSAP
  4. Redirect the call to a voicemail system

Explanation

Selective transfer enables a call taker to send a 9-1-1 call to another PSAP or agency while including the associated ANI and ALI data. Internal extension transfers are handled by the PBX or CPE, not the selective router. Voicemail and carrier customer service are not typical selective transfer destinations.

Question 29Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which of the following is a primary function of a PSAP's logging recorder?

  1. To record audio of 9-1-1 calls and radio communications for later review Correct answer.
  2. To route 9-1-1 calls to the correct PSAP
  3. To provide location information for wireless calls
  4. To manage the PSAP's computer-aided dispatch (CAD) system

Explanation

A logging recorder captures audio from 9-1-1 calls and radio channels for quality assurance, training, and investigative purposes. Call routing is handled by the selective router or ESRP, location information comes from ALI or other location services, and CAD is a separate system for dispatch and records management.

Question 30Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which best defines a PSAP?

  1. A network device that converts analog voice signals to digital packets
  2. A database that stores subscriber names and addresses for emergency call routing
  3. A statewide committee that oversees 9-1-1 funding and regulations
  4. A facility responsible for receiving and processing emergency calls for a specific jurisdiction Correct answer.

Explanation

A PSAP is the operational entity that answers 9-1-1 calls and dispatches emergency response for its service area. Databases, gateways, and oversight bodies support the PSAP but do not themselves receive and process emergency calls.

Question 31Emergency Number Systems and Technology

What is the primary function of a VPC in a legacy E9-1-1 network?

  1. To store ALI records for all subscribers in the region
  2. To provide text-to-9-1-1 capability for deaf and hard-of-hearing callers
  3. To record all emergency calls for evidentiary purposes
  4. To route emergency calls to the correct PSAP based on the calling number Correct answer.

Explanation

The VPC is the centralized routing point in a legacy E9-1-1 network that uses the calling number (ANI) to query the ALI database and determine the appropriate PSAP. It does not store ALI records, record calls, or handle text messaging.

Question 32Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which 9-1-1 feature allows a PSAP to transfer an emergency call to another PSAP along with the associated ALI data?

  1. Automatic call distribution
  2. Selective transfer Correct answer.
  3. Call detail recording
  4. Speed dial

Explanation

Selective transfer enables a call taker to send both the voice call and its ALI data to another PSAP, preserving location and callback information for the receiving center. CDR, ACD, and speed dial do not carry ALI data with the transferred call.

Question 33Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which of the following is a key characteristic of an ESInet?

  1. It is a dedicated, IP-based network that enables flexible, redundant call routing among PSAPs Correct answer.
  2. It is a private, closed network that cannot interconnect with other networks
  3. It is a circuit-switched network that replaces the PSTN for emergency calls
  4. It requires all emergency calls to be routed through a single national PSAP

Explanation

An ESInet is an IP-based emergency services network that supports redundant, diverse routing and interconnection among PSAPs and other emergency entities. It is not a single national PSAP, not closed to interconnection, and not circuit-switched.

Question 34Emergency Number Systems and Technology

In an NG9-1-1 system, which element is responsible for retrieving location information for a 9-1-1 call?

  1. The Emergency Services Routing Proxy (ESRP)
  2. The Policy Routing Function (PRF)
  3. The Location Information Server (LIS) Correct answer.
  4. The Border Control Function (BCF)

Explanation

The LIS stores and provides location information for endpoints and is queried during emergency call processing. The PRF sets routing policy, the ESRP routes the call, and the BCF manages security and inter-network borders.

Question 35Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which statement best describes the role of a functional element in the i3 architecture?

  1. It is a regulatory requirement that only applies to wireless carriers.
  2. It is a logical capability that can be implemented across one or more physical systems. Correct answer.
  3. It is a physical server that must be located within a PSAP building.
  4. It is a database schema used exclusively for ALI record storage.

Explanation

In the i3 architecture, functional elements are logical roles or capabilities that may be distributed across various physical systems and locations. They are not tied to a single physical server, do not apply only to carriers, and are not limited to ALI storage.

Question 36Emergency Number Systems and Technology

A PSAP receives a 9-1-1 call with no ANI and no ALI. What is the most appropriate immediate action for the call taker?

  1. Disconnect the call and wait for the caller to redial
  2. Attempt to obtain the caller's location and callback number verbally Correct answer.
  3. Assume the call is a misdial and take no further action
  4. Transfer the call to the local police business line

Explanation

When ANI and ALI are unavailable, the call taker must verbally confirm the caller's location and callback number to ensure a response can be dispatched. Disconnecting, transferring to a business line, or ignoring the call could delay emergency assistance.

Question 37Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a PSAP's uninterruptible power supply (UPS)?

  1. To provide temporary backup power to critical equipment during an outage Correct answer.
  2. To convert AC power to DC power for the entire building
  3. To store call recordings during a power failure
  4. To route emergency calls during a power failure

Explanation

A UPS provides temporary backup power to critical PSAP equipment, such as call-handling systems, during a power disruption until generators or other sources take over. It does not convert power for the whole building, route calls, or store recordings.

Question 38Emergency Number Systems and Technology

In an NG9-1-1 environment, what is the primary role of the Location Validation Function (LVF)?

  1. To validate that a civic address is suitable for emergency routing before a call occurs Correct answer.
  2. To provide real-time location updates for mobile callers
  3. To determine the destination PSAP for an in-progress emergency call
  4. To encrypt location data transmitted between PSAPs

Explanation

The LVF checks civic addresses against the authoritative location database to confirm they are valid and routable before an emergency occurs. Routing of in-progress calls, real-time updates, and encryption are handled by other functions.

Question 39Emergency Number Systems and Technology

Which of the following is a common method for providing location information for a VoIP 9-1-1 call?

  1. Registered civic address associated with the subscriber's account Correct answer.
  2. Automatic number identification (ANI) alone
  3. Cell site sector information
  4. GPS coordinates embedded in the call setup

Explanation

VoIP providers typically require subscribers to register a civic address that is used for emergency routing and ALI display, because VoIP endpoints are not inherently tied to a fixed location. ANI alone, cell sector data, and GPS are not standard VoIP location methods.

Question 40Emergency Number Systems and Technology

A PSAP is designing its NG9-1-1 contingency plan and wants to ensure that if its primary Emergency Services IP Network (ESInet) connection fails, calls can still be delivered. Which arrangement best supports this goal?

  1. Dual, diversely routed ESInet connections from distinct network providers terminating at the PSAP Correct answer.
  2. A dedicated point-to-point circuit between the PSAP and the nearest cell tower
  3. A single high-bandwidth ESInet connection protected by an on-site UPS
  4. A bank of analog trunk lines that bypass the ESInet entirely for all calls

Explanation

NG9-1-1 resilience depends on redundant, diversely routed connectivity so that no single link or provider failure isolates the PSAP. Diverse paths from distinct providers reduce the chance that a shared failure (such as a common facility or carrier outage) takes down both connections. Backup power protects equipment but does not restore a lost network path.

Question 41Operations and Call Processing

A 9-1-1 call arrives on a trunk group and the ANI delivered is a 10-digit number with no leading "1". What is the standard purpose of the ANI in call processing?

  1. It identifies the calling party's callback number for the call taker Correct answer.
  2. It sets the priority level of the call in the queue
  3. It routes the call to the correct PSAP based on the trunk group
  4. It selects the language for the automated greeting

Explanation

ANI (Automatic Number Identification) is the calling party number delivered with the call, used primarily so the call taker knows where to call back. Routing is normally based on the trunk group, selective router, or ESRN/ALI data, not the ANI itself.

Question 42Operations and Call Processing

What does the DNIS field on an incoming 9-1-1 call typically tell the call taker or CPE?

  1. The caller's billing name and address
  2. The trunk group the call arrived on
  3. The cell site sector that handled the call
  4. The number the caller dialed, which can identify the agency or service Correct answer.

Explanation

DNIS (Dialed Number Identification Service) reports the number that was dialed, allowing the CPE or call taker to see which agency, ten-digit line, or service was reached. It does not carry subscriber name or billing data.

Question 43Operations and Call Processing

A wireless 9-1-1 call is delivered with Phase I location only. What location information does the PSAP receive?

  1. The caller's GPS latitude and longitude
  2. The cell site and sector serving the caller Correct answer.
  3. The nearest street intersection computed by the carrier
  4. The caller's registered billing address

Explanation

Phase I wireless location provides only the cell site and sector (the antenna face) that is handling the call. It does not provide a computed latitude/longitude fix, which is the defining feature of Phase II.

Question 44Operations and Call Processing

In a Phase II wireless call, what does the confidence value (or confidence circle) associated with the location estimate describe?

  1. The statistical likelihood that the caller is within the reported radius Correct answer.
  2. The priority the carrier assigns to the call
  3. The number of cell sites that received the call
  4. The accuracy of the caller's spoken address

Explanation

The confidence value expresses the probability that the caller is located within the reported uncertainty radius around the estimated position. Call takers use it to judge how much to trust the fix.

Question 45Operations and Call Processing

A call taker receives a 9-1-1 call from a young child who is unable to state an address. What is the most appropriate first action?

  1. Disconnect and wait for an adult to call back
  2. Transfer the call to a non-emergency line immediately
  3. Ask the child to read the address from a piece of mail
  4. Rely on ALI/ANI and location data while keeping the child on the line Correct answer.

Explanation

When a caller cannot provide location, the call taker should use the delivered ANI/ALI or wireless location data and keep the caller on the line to gather what information is possible. Disconnecting or transferring delays response.

Question 46Operations and Call Processing

What is the primary function of a selective router in a 9-1-1 network?

  1. To translate spoken addresses into latitude and longitude
  2. To provide the call taker's workstation display
  3. To route calls to the correct PSAP based on the calling number and trunk group Correct answer.
  4. To record and archive all 9-1-1 calls for later review

Explanation

The selective router uses the incoming trunk group and ANI to determine which PSAP should receive the call and routes it accordingly. Recording, display, and geocoding are handled by other components.

Question 47Operations and Call Processing

A PSAP receives a call transferred from another PSAP. What information should accompany the transfer to support call processing?

  1. The time the call first arrived at the original PSAP
  2. The caller's location, callback number, and nature of the incident Correct answer.
  3. The trunk group identifier used by the first PSAP
  4. Only the transferring call taker's name

Explanation

A transferred emergency call should carry the essential incident data: location, callback number, and the nature of the emergency, so the receiving call taker does not have to re-interview from scratch.

Question 48Operations and Call Processing

What is the purpose of a default (or default routing) PSAP assignment in 9-1-1 call processing?

  1. To route calls to the carrier's network operations center
  2. To hold calls in queue until a supervisor is available
  3. To ensure calls with missing or invalid routing data still reach a PSAP Correct answer.
  4. To send all calls to the largest PSAP in the region

Explanation

Default routing provides a fallback so calls that lack valid ANI or routing information are still delivered to a PSAP rather than being dropped. It is a safety net, not a load-balancing or hold mechanism.

Question 49Operations and Call Processing

During a 9-1-1 call, the caller reports a structure fire with people trapped. What is the call taker's most important responsibility regarding dispatch?

  1. Gather location, nature, and life-hazard details and relay them promptly to dispatch Correct answer.
  2. Complete a full written report before notifying dispatch
  3. Wait for the caller to hang up before dispatching
  4. Confirm the caller's identity before sending units

Explanation

Call processing prioritizes rapid, accurate relay of location, incident type, and life-hazard information to dispatch. Delaying notification for paperwork or identity confirmation endangers victims.

Question 50Operations and Call Processing

What does a call taker do when a 9-1-1 call is received as a silent or abandoned call?

  1. Wait for the caller to call back a second time
  2. Immediately close the call as a misdial
  3. Attempt call-back and follow PSAP policy for silent calls before closing Correct answer.
  4. Transfer to a non-emergency line without further action

Explanation

Silent or abandoned calls require call-back attempts and adherence to PSAP policy because the caller may be unable to speak. Closing or transferring without follow-up risks missing an emergency.