NICET HCI flashcards
NICET HCI · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Station 100+00
- On highway plans, station 100+00 represents 1,000 feet from the baseline origin. One full station equals 100 feet, and stationing increases along the baseline direction.
- Pipe invert elevation
- The invert is the inside bottom, or flowline, elevation at a pipe end. Crown elevation equals invert elevation plus the pipe internal diameter.
- Order of precedence
- Contract clauses that establish which document governs when plans and specifications conflict. Special provisions generally outrank standard specifications, and written directives outrank field opinions.
- Daily inspection report
- A record of weather, contractor forces, equipment, work locations by station, pay quantities, tests, visitors, delays, and instructions. It supports payment and documents project events.
- Approved equal submittal
- A contractor request to use a product that differs from the specified item but is judged equivalent. The engineer's written approval is required before installation.
- Average end-area formula
- Volume formula V = L(A1 + A2)/2 for earthwork between two stations. Areas are in square feet; divide the result by 27 to convert cubic feet to cubic yards.
- Swell factor
- The percentage increase in volume when soil is excavated from its natural bank state to a loose condition. Swell percent equals loose volume minus bank volume, divided by bank volume, times 100.
- Standard Proctor test
- A laboratory compaction test that determines maximum dry density and optimum moisture content for a soil. Field density is reported as a percentage of that maximum.
- Proofrolling
- Passing a loaded truck or roller over prepared subgrade to reveal soft spots, pumping, or unstable areas. Defects are removed or repaired before embankment or pavement is placed.
- Trench protective system
- A shoring, shielding, or sloping system required for excavations 5 feet deep or more. A competent person inspects the excavation daily and after changes.
- Maximum theoretical density
- The laboratory density of an asphalt mixture with no air voids, used as the reference for field compaction. Field density is reported as a percentage of Gmm.
- Tack coat
- A light spray application of asphalt emulsion to an existing pavement or base surface. It promotes bonding between layers and must break before the next layer is placed.
- Prime coat
- Asphalt material applied to an untreated aggregate base to seal the surface and promote bonding. It is cured and blotted before asphalt paving.
- Segregation
- Separation of coarse aggregate from the asphalt mixture, producing dry, coarse patches. It results from improper loading, discharge, or paver operation and is not accepted.
- Straightedge smoothness check
- A 10-foot straightedge laid on the finished pavement surface to measure deviation. Deviations exceeding the specified tolerance, commonly 1/4 inch, are corrected.
- Air content test
- A field test using a pressure meter or volumetric apparatus to measure entrained air in concrete. Required air content depends on aggregate size and freeze-thaw exposure.
- Saw-cut joint depth
- Contraction joints are cut about one-quarter to one-third of the slab thickness. Timing is as soon as sawing does not ravel the concrete.
- Dowel bar
- A smooth steel bar placed across a transverse joint to transfer load between slabs. It allows joint opening and closing while keeping slab elevations aligned.
- Tie bar
- A deformed steel bar placed across a longitudinal joint to hold adjacent lanes together. It restrains lane separation and is not intended to permit joint movement.
- Curing compound
- A liquid membrane sprayed on fresh concrete to reduce moisture loss. It is applied at the specified coverage rate and typically protects the concrete for seven days.
- Manning's equation
- An open-channel flow formula: Q = (1.486/n) A R^(2/3) S^(1/2) in English units, where n is roughness, A is area, R is hydraulic radius, and S is slope.
- Rational method
- A peak storm flow formula Q = C i A, where C is runoff coefficient, i is rainfall intensity, and A is drainage area. Units must be consistent.
- Catch basin sump
- A depression below the outlet invert of a catch basin that traps sediment and debris. Sump depth is specified, commonly 6 to 12 inches.
- Silt fence
- A temporary sediment barrier made of geotextile supported by posts. It is installed on the contour with the fabric keyed into the ground and is not used in concentrated flow.
- Concrete cover
- The distance from the outer concrete surface to the nearest reinforcement. Typical values are 3 inches against earth and 2 inches for exposed surfaces, subject to exposure requirements.
- Falsework inspection
- Checking formwork and temporary support for alignment, elevation, bracing, and stability before concrete placement. It protects against deflection, collapse, and misalignment.
- Turn-of-nut method
- A bolted connection tightening method in which specified nut rotation after snugging develops tension. Inspection verifies rotation and proper bolt length.
- Pile driving record
- Documentation of hammer type, blows per foot, pile penetration, tip elevation, and bearing during driving. It is used to verify the required bearing capacity.
- Merging taper length
- For speeds of 40 mph or less, taper length L equals offset width W in feet times speed S in mph. For 45 mph and above, L equals W times S squared divided by 60.
- Buffer space
- A longitudinal or lateral area in a temporary traffic control zone kept free of workers and equipment. It separates traffic from the work space and provides recovery distance.
- Activity area
- The part of a temporary traffic control zone containing the work space, traffic space, and buffer space. It is where work occurs and where traffic is maintained.
- Flagger station
- The location where a flagger controls traffic with a STOP/SLOW paddle. It is placed before the work area with an escape route and adequate sight distance.