NJ Boiler Operator flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Boiler horsepower
- A capacity unit equal to 33,475 BTU per hour, roughly the heat needed to evaporate 34.5 pounds of water per hour from and at 212 degrees F.
- Water-tube boiler
- A boiler in which water circulates inside tubes surrounded by hot combustion gases; it reaches higher pressures and follows load changes faster than a fire-tube design.
- Maximum allowable working pressure
- The highest pressure at which a boiler may legally operate, stamped on the nameplate and used as the basis for the safety valve setting and hydrostatic test.
- Stoichiometric air
- The exact quantity of air theoretically required to burn a fuel completely, with no oxygen left over; practical firing supplies excess air beyond this amount.
- Three T's of combustion
- Temperature, turbulence, and time. All three must be adequate inside the furnace for a fuel to burn completely without smoke or carbon monoxide.
- Flame rod
- A flame detection device that proves flame by sensing ionization current through the flame; it works only with gas fuel, not with oil.
- Turndown ratio
- The ratio of a burner's maximum firing rate to its minimum stable firing rate, describing how wide a range of load the burner can handle.
- Safety valve
- A spring-loaded pop valve that opens at a set pressure to release steam or water; it is the boiler's final overpressure protection and set at or below MAWP.
- Gauge glass
- A glass tube or flat-glass assembly that shows the water level inside the boiler; its lowest visible point must be above the lowest permissible water level.
- Fusible plug
- A plug with a low-melting alloy core installed in the crown sheet of a firebox boiler; the core melts on overheating to warn of low water.
- Bottom blowdown valves
- Two valves in series on the lowest blowoff connection, a quick-opening valve at the boiler and a slow-opening valve downstream, used to remove sludge and control solids.
- Scale
- A hard deposit of calcium and magnesium salts that forms on heating surfaces; it insulates the metal, raises metal temperature, and leads to tube failure.
- Deaerator
- A vessel that heats feedwater and strips dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide from it, preventing pitting and corrosion in the boiler and condensate system.
- Cycles of concentration
- The ratio of dissolved solids in the boiler water to the solids in the makeup water; higher cycles save energy but require more blowdown.
- Carryover
- Boiler water carried out with the steam as droplets, caused by high dissolved solids, foaming, or a high water level, which contaminates steam and can damage downstream equipment.
- Low-water fuel cutoff
- A safety device that shuts off the burner when boiler water falls below a safe level; it must be tested regularly and is never bypassed.
- Flame safeguard control
- A programmer that supervises prepurge, trial for ignition, flame proving, and postpurge, and locks the burner out if flame is not proven.
- High-limit pressure control
- A manual-reset safety control that stops burner firing at a pressure above the operating pressure control setting, backing up the automatic operating control.
- Three-element level control
- A feedwater control that uses drum level, steam flow, and feedwater flow signals together to hold drum level and compensate for shrink and swell.
- Furnace purge
- Forced airflow through the furnace and flue before lightoff that removes accumulated combustible gases and prevents a furnace explosion on ignition.
- Water hammer
- A banging noise and shock caused by steam contacting condensate in a pipe; it is prevented by draining headers and warming steam mains slowly.
- Bottom blowdown timing
- Blowdown is done at light load with the water level high in the glass and the burner below maximum firing, in short bursts, with the level rechecked afterward.
- Hydrostatic test
- A pressure test at 1.5 times the maximum allowable working pressure, performed on new, altered, or repaired boilers with the safety valve removed or gagged.
- R stamp
- A National Board registration mark held by a repair organization authorized to repair or alter pressure parts under a registered procedure and inspection.
- Refractory dryout
- Controlled slow heating of newly installed refractory to drive off moisture gradually and prevent steam spalling and cracking of the lining.
- Boiler layup
- Protecting an idle boiler from corrosion by the dry method, using desiccant and sealing, or the wet method, filling with treated water and oxygen scavenger.
- Low-water emergency
- If water is lost while the burner is firing, secure the burner at once; do not add feedwater to an overheated boiler until it has cooled.
- Puffback
- Delayed ignition of fuel that accumulated in the furnace; respond by shutting off the fuel, finding the cause, and fully purging before any relight.
- Lockout tagout
- A procedure that isolates and locks every energy source before maintenance so equipment cannot be started while a person is working on it.
- N.J.A.C. 12:90
- The New Jersey Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, administered by the Department of Labor and Workforce Development, which adopts ASME and National Board codes by reference.
- Certificate of inspection
- The document issued by the authorized inspection agency after a satisfactory inspection; it must be kept posted or available at the boiler and kept current.
- Repair and alteration notice
- Pressure part repairs and alterations must be reported to the authorized inspection agency and inspected before the boiler is placed back in service.