NJ Pesticide Applicator flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Integrated Pest Management

A decision framework that combines pest identification, monitoring, action thresholds, prevention, and multiple control tactics, using pesticides only when other methods are insufficient.

Economic threshold

The pest population density at which the cost of control equals the value of crop loss that would otherwise occur; treatment is justified at or above this level.

Pesticide label

The legally binding document and labeling that specifies approved sites, rates, timing, PPE, restrictions, and signal word; use inconsistent with it is misuse.

Signal word DANGER-POISON

The most toxic EPA Category I designation, assigned to products with oral LD50 of 50 mg/kg or less, and accompanied by a skull-and-crossbones symbol.

Mode of action rotation

Alternating pesticides from different IRAC, FRAC, or HRAC groups to prevent or delay selection of resistant pest populations.

Systemic pesticide

A pesticide absorbed by and translocated within the plant, providing control of pests feeding on treated tissue, unlike contact pesticides that act only where deposited.

Wettable powder formulation

A dry formulation that forms a suspension when mixed with water; requires continuous agitation and is measured by weight, not volume.

FIFRA

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, the federal law governing pesticide registration, labeling, and use, administered by the U.S. EPA.

Restricted-use pesticide

A pesticide that may be applied only by or under the direct supervision of a certified applicator because of human health or environmental risk.

Section 24(c) SLN label

A Special Local Need registration issued by a state for a use not on the federal label, valid only within that state and only as written.

Section 18 exemption

An emergency exemption allowing unregistered use of a pesticide for a limited time when a declared emergency exists and no registered alternative is available.

Tolerance

The maximum legally permitted pesticide residue on or in a food or feed commodity, established under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Restricted-entry interval

The period immediately after a pesticide application during which entry into the treated area is prohibited unless the label's PPE and entry requirements are met.

Worker Protection Standard

Federal regulation protecting agricultural workers and pesticide handlers through training, notification, decontamination supplies, PPE, and reentry restrictions.

Pesticide misuse

Any use inconsistent with the label, such as applying to a non-labeled site or exceeding the labeled rate, and subject to civil and criminal penalties.

Certified applicator

A person who has met federal and state competency requirements to apply or supervise application of restricted-use pesticides in specified categories.

Dermal exposure

Pesticide contact with skin, the most common route of pesticide exposure; absorption depends on the formulation, skin condition, and duration of contact.

Chemical-resistant gloves

Gloves made of materials such as nitrile or butyl that resist penetration by specific formulations; they are not the same as ordinary waterproof gloves.

SLUDGE syndrome

Muscarinic signs of cholinesterase inhibition: salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset, and emesis, indicating organophosphate or carbamate poisoning.

Safety Data Sheet

A document providing hazard, first aid, handling, and disposal information for a product; it supplements but does not replace the pesticide label.

Pesticide drift

Off-target movement of pesticide by air during or after application; reduced by larger droplets, lower pressure, lower boom height, and appropriate wind conditions.

Leaching

Downward movement of pesticides through soil into groundwater, influenced by solubility, soil texture, organic matter, and rainfall or irrigation.

Pollinator protection

Label and best-practice measures such as avoiding applications to blooming crops during foraging hours and observing bee advisory statements to limit harm to bees.

Triple rinsing

Filling a container about one-quarter full, rinsing, and draining three times, adding rinsate to the spray tank, to remove pesticide residue before disposal.

Spill containment

The practice of stopping the source, containing the material with absorbents or barriers, and disposing of contaminated material per label and regulations.

Sprayer calibration formula

Gallons per acre equals (gallons per minute times 5940) divided by (miles per hour times nozzle spacing in inches) for a broadcast boom sprayer.

Pressure and nozzle flow

Nozzle flow changes with the square root of pressure, so doubling pressure increases flow by about 1.41 times, not by double.

Flat-fan nozzle

A nozzle producing a tapered flat spray pattern, used for broadcast applications and spaced so patterns overlap for uniform coverage.

Air-induction nozzle

A nozzle that mixes air into the spray to produce larger, coarse droplets, reducing drift while maintaining adequate coverage.

Nozzle wear check

Comparing nozzle output with a new nozzle; flow more than 10 percent above the new rating indicates wear and the nozzle should be replaced.

Banded application

Applying pesticide in a narrow strip over or along the crop row rather than broadcast over the entire area, reducing total product used.

Tank mixing order

A sequence for adding products to the spray tank, typically water, compatibility agents, dry formulations, liquid formulations, and adjuvants last, to avoid incompatibility.