KUMAT Nepal flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

OMR sheet shading

Machine-read answer sheet used in paper-based tests; each item must be shaded fully with a dark pencil or ballpoint, since double marks or erasures can be read as blank or wrong.

Negative marking expected value

With four options and one-quarter negative marking, a random guess on a one-mark item yields plus 0.0625 in expectation; with one-third negative marking the expectation is zero.

Time per item

Divide total exam minutes by total items. A 100-item paper in 90 minutes allows 54 seconds per item, so any item taking over about two minutes should be flagged and revisited.

Reading comprehension inference

A question type asking what the passage implies rather than states directly; the answer must be supported by the text, not by outside knowledge or personal opinion.

Blood relation diagram

A tree sketch using plus for male, minus for female, and horizontal lines for siblings or spouses; it converts family-relation word problems into a visual check that avoids errors.

Data interpretation set

A table, bar chart, or pie chart followed by several questions; read axis labels and units first, compute only the requested value, and watch for percentage versus percentage-point differences.

Computer-based review screen

Interface listing answered, unanswered, and flagged items before final submission; use it to ensure no item is left blank, because unanswered items score as wrong.

One-word substitution

English vocabulary item requiring a single word for a phrase, such as a person who speaks many languages (polyglot) or a government by the wealthy (plutocracy).

Thesis statement

A single sentence, usually the last of the introduction, that states the essay's central claim and the direction of the argument; everything after it must support or qualify it.

Claim-evidence-warrant

The three-part body-paragraph unit: state the claim, supply concrete evidence such as data or example, then explain the warrant, meaning why that evidence proves the claim.

Concession and rebuttal

Acknowledging the strongest opposing view, granting what is valid, then limiting or refuting it with a condition or better evidence; this raises the score for analytical depth.

Hedging language

Qualifiers such as often, tends to, in most cases, and likely that keep claims accurate and defensible; absolute words like always and never invite easy counterexamples.

Signposting connectives

Linking words that show logical relation between sentences: however for contrast, therefore for consequence, moreover for addition, and for instance for illustration.

Topic sentence

The first sentence of a body paragraph, naming the single claim that paragraph will develop; reading all topic sentences in order should reveal the essay's full outline.

Essay time allocation

For a 30-minute analytical essay, spend about 5 minutes planning, 20 minutes writing, and 5 minutes revising for grammar, word count, and thesis consistency.

Nepal federal structure

The 2015 Constitution created seven provinces and 753 local units; citing this structure gives concrete grounding to essays on governance, devolution, or service delivery.

Counterargument paragraph

A body paragraph presenting the strongest objection to the thesis before the conclusion; it should concede valid points and then rebut, not merely list opposing views.

Word count discipline

Prompts often set a range such as 300 to 500 words; falling far short signals thin analysis, while overshooting signals poor planning, and both can cost marks.

Group discussion initiation

Opening the discussion with a definition plus a roadmap of angles; it earns leadership credit only if factually accurate, since a wrong opening damages credibility.

Building on a point

Entering a discussion by extending a previous speaker's idea with new evidence or a new dimension, which scores for listening and teamwork rather than repetition.

Air-time balance

Aim for three to five substantive contributions in a 10 to 20 minute discussion; dominating the floor or staying silent both lower group-behaviour scores.

Disagreeing with the argument

Challenge the reasoning, not the speaker: phrase disagreement as a condition or exception, such as noting that a claim holds in cities but not in rural districts.

Legitimate floor-taking

Gaining speaking turn without interrupting mid-sentence, by using a natural pause or naming the previous speaker before adding your point.

Group discussion summary

A closing statement of 60 seconds or less capturing two or three main themes and any consensus or unresolved tension; panels often score this separately.

GD evaluation dimensions

Panels usually score content knowledge, communication clarity, listening and building, leadership or initiation, and group behaviour as separate criteria rather than one overall impression.

Nepal GD topic: brain drain

Youth migration and remittance dependence is a frequent discussion theme; a balanced answer weighs remittance income against skills loss and notes policy responses such as retention incentives.

STAR method

Behavioural answer structure: Situation, Task, Action, Result. Keep the account to about 90 seconds and end with a measurable or observable outcome.

Self-introduction length

A 60 to 90 second account covering name, academic background, one relevant achievement or interest, and motivation for the programme; reciting the CV wastes the opening.

Motivation question strategy

Answer why this course or institution with specifics such as curriculum content, faculty expertise, or career pathway, rather than generic praise of reputation.

Handling unknown answers

State honestly that you do not know, then describe how you would find out or what related knowledge you do have; fabricating facts is the highest-risk interview behaviour.

Interview body language

Enter when invited, wait to be offered a seat, keep an open posture with visible still hands, and distribute eye contact across all panel members rather than one.

Questions for the panel

Prepare one or two specific questions about the programme, such as elective options or practical placements, and close with brief thanks; avoid asking only about results or fees.