Nepal Army Officer Cadet key terms

The formal line of authority running from the highest rank down to the lowest, through which orders pass and accountability flows upward. It prevents confusion about who may issue orders and who must obey them.

A principle stating that each soldier should receive orders from and be responsible to only one superior at a time, avoiding conflicting instructions and divided loyalty during operations.

The number of subordinates a commander can effectively supervise and direct. Wider spans suit simple routine tasks; narrow spans suit complex or dispersed operations needing close coordination.

The ordered ladder of military grades from recruit to senior officer, each carrying defined authority, responsibilities, and forms of address. Promotion depends on time, courses, performance, and vacancies.

A formal gesture of respect exchanged between ranks, and also the prescribed honours rendered to the national flag, senior officers, and ceremonial occasions. It signals discipline and mutual recognition within the profession of arms.

The ceremonial flags of a battalion or regiment, treated as sacred symbols of its history and honour. They are carried on parade and guarded, and losing them in battle is considered a grave disgrace.

The wartime establishment or battle strength of a Nepali Army unit, as opposed to its peace establishment. It defines the additional personnel and resources mobilised when operations begin.

The peacetime establishment of a Nepali Army unit, listing the personnel and equipment maintained during normal conditions. It is smaller than the wartime establishment and expands on mobilisation.

The organised description of a military force, covering its units, their composition, commanders, and deployment. It helps planners understand what troops and support are available for a mission.

The process of assembling and preparing forces and resources for active service, moving from peacetime footing to wartime readiness. It includes recalling reserves, moving stores, and issuing equipment.

A multinational operation authorised by the United Nations to help maintain or restore peace in conflict-affected areas, often through monitoring ceasefires and protecting civilians. Nepal is among the largest troop contributors worldwide.

The nickname for United Nations peacekeepers, taken from the light blue headgear they wear to identify themselves as neutral international personnel rather than combatants of a party to the conflict.

Written instructions defining when, where, and how force may be used during an operation. They guide soldiers in balancing mission accomplishment with legal and political constraints.

A day observed on Maha Shivaratri, commemorating the founding of the modern Nepali Army by King Prithvi Narayan Shah in the eighteenth century with the raising of the Gorkha regiments.

The Gorkha king who unified Nepal through a long military campaign in the eighteenth century and is regarded as the founder of the modern Nepali state and army.

The eighteenth-century process by which separate hill principalities were conquered or absorbed into a single Gorkha-led kingdom, creating the territorial and political basis of modern Nepal.

Infantry units historically recruited from Nepal and famous for service with the British and Indian armies. Their reputation for discipline and courage is a key part of Nepali military heritage.

The formal flag or emblem representing the Nepali Army as a whole, distinct from the individual colours of units. It is honoured in ceremonies as a symbol of institutional identity.

The supreme law of Nepal, adopted in 2015, establishing the federal democratic republican structure, fundamental rights, and the division of powers among executive, legislature, and judiciary. It also governs the army's role.

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent provinces or states. Nepal adopted a three-tier federal structure with federal, provincial, and local governments.

Basic rights guaranteed to every person by the constitution, such as equality, freedom of expression, and protection against torture. Courts can enforce them when they are violated.

The power of courts to examine laws and government actions and declare them invalid if they conflict with the constitution. It protects constitutional supremacy over ordinary legislation.

The elected bodies at district, municipality, and ward level in Nepal, responsible for local services, development planning, and certain taxes under the federal constitution.

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, a grouping of South Asian states working on trade, security, and development issues. Nepal is a founding member and has hosted its secretariat in Kathmandu.

The global organisation of sovereign states founded in 1945 to maintain international peace and security, promote human rights, and coordinate development. Nepal joined in 1955 and contributes troops to its missions.

A grouping of states that declined to align formally with major Cold War power blocs, emphasising sovereignty and independence in foreign policy. Nepal has historically identified with its principles.

The partyless political system that governed Nepal from 1962 to 1990, based on indirect representation through village and district assemblies under the monarchy. It was ended by the 1990 popular movement.

The arithmetic average of a set of values, found by adding all the values and dividing by how many there are. It is sensitive to extreme values, unlike the median.

The middle value of a data set arranged in order. If there is an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle ones. It is less affected by outliers than the mean.

The value that appears most frequently in a data set. A set may have one mode, several modes, or none at all if every value occurs equally often.

A comparison of two or more quantities showing how many times one contains or is contained in another. Ratios can be written with a colon or as a fraction and are used in scaling problems.

An equation stating that two ratios are equal, often used to solve problems involving scaling or sharing quantities in a given ratio. Cross-multiplication is a standard solving technique.

A fraction or ratio expressed as a part of one hundred. Percentages make comparisons between different quantities easier and are widely used in interest, discount, and data problems.

A form of logical reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given premises assumed true. Valid forms guarantee the conclusion; invalid forms allow a conclusion that does not follow.

Reasoning from general statements to a specific conclusion that must follow if the premises are true. It differs from induction, which generalises from particular observations to a probable rule.

A reasoning question asking you to identify the relationship between one pair of items and apply the same relationship to another pair. Spotting the exact relation type is essential.

A word whose meaning is opposite to that of another word, such as 'victory' and 'defeat'. Antonym questions test vocabulary range and precision in distinguishing shades of meaning.

A word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word, such as 'brave' and 'courageous'. Synonym questions test how well you recognise close equivalences in context.

A fixed expression whose meaning cannot be worked out from its individual words, such as 'to bite the bullet'. Idioms are tested for correct meaning and appropriate use.

Two ways of presenting a clause: active voice makes the doer the subject, passive voice makes the receiver the subject. Examiners test correct transformation and verb forms.

Two ways of reporting what someone said: direct speech quotes the exact words, indirect speech reports them with shifted pronouns and tenses. Correct backshift rules are commonly tested.

The grammatical form of a verb showing the time of an action and whether it is complete, continuing, or repeated. Consistency of tense is a frequent error tested in correction questions.