NHPC BPH study plan

Define and distinguish incidence, prevalence, attack rate, and case fatality rate, and compute each from a simple contingency table of person-time or population denominators.

Calculate and interpret sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, then explain how prevalence shifts predictive values at fixed test accuracy.

Compare crude, age-specific, and age-standardized rates (direct and indirect methods) and state when each is appropriate.

Sketch the main study designs (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, ecological, RCT) and label their measure of association, key bias, and temporal direction.

Build a one-page formula sheet covering measures of frequency, association, and impact (risk difference, attributable fraction, population attributable fraction).

Explain the steps of an outbreak investigation in order and identify which step is being described in a scenario.

Interpret confidence intervals and p-values correctly, and write plain-language sentences stating what they do and do not mean.

Select the appropriate hypothesis test or measure of effect for a given comparison (two proportions, two means, paired data, categorical association) and justify the choice.

Describe the core functions and attributes of a surveillance system and differentiate passive, active, sentinel, and syndromic surveillance with an example of each.

Identify the major sources of bias (selection, information, confounding) in a described study and propose one mitigation for each.

Trace the historical milestones of public health (sanitary reform, germ theory, social medicine, health promotion charters, primary health care and health-in-all-policies) and state each one's contribution.

Define and correctly apply core concepts: determinants of health, health equity versus equality, prevention levels (primordial through tertiary), and the natural history of disease.

Apply at least two behavior-change models (health belief model, stages of change, social cognitive theory, theory of planned behavior, socio-ecological model) to a concrete health behavior scenario.

Design a health education session outline using a named planning model (PRECEDE-PROCEED or intervention mapping) with audience, objectives, methods, and evaluation.

Distinguish health promotion, health education, and health protection, and match each to a realistic program example.

Identify routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, dermal, vector-borne) and apply the exposure-disease pathway to a workplace or community scenario.

Interpret key air and water quality parameters and guideline values (e.g., particulate matter, biological oxygen demand, turbidity, residual chlorine, arsenic, nitrate) and explain the health significance of exceeding them.

Conduct a basic risk assessment using hazard identification, dose-response, exposure assessment, and risk characterization for one environmental hazard.

Describe the components of a water safety plan from catchment to consumer and the role of sanitation and hygiene in preventing diarrheal disease.

Explain the main foodborne hazards, the cold chain, and five key principles of safe food handling, and identify critical control points in a food service operation.

Compare the main health system building blocks and financing models (tax-based, social insurance, private insurance, out-of-pocket) and state equity implications of each.

Define and calculate basic health economics concepts: cost, charge, cost-effectiveness ratio, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, and willingness-to-pay threshold.

Analyze a policy scenario using a recognized framework (agenda setting, formulation, adoption, implementation, evaluation) and identify stakeholders and their interests.

Interpret universal health coverage concepts (population coverage, service coverage, financial protection) and give an indicator for each dimension.

Explain how a national health policy or program is translated into a district-level operational plan with budget lines and monitoring indicators.

List the major causes of maternal, newborn, and child mortality and match each to a proven high-impact intervention along the continuum of care.

Interpret standard RMNCAH indicators (antenatal care coverage, skilled birth attendance, contraceptive prevalence, immunization coverage, neonatal mortality rate) and explain their numerators and denominators.

Design a screening or immunization schedule for a defined population and justify it using disease burden, test characteristics, and cost.

Differentiate primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies for one communicable disease and one non-communicable disease, naming specific activities at each level.

Explain the epidemiological transition and the double burden of disease, and describe how a district health team would respond programmatically.

Apply the four principles of biomedical ethics (autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice) to two public health dilemmas, including mandatory reporting and resource allocation.

Outline the elements of informed consent and describe when and how exceptions or waivers apply in public health practice and research.

Identify professional practice standards, including data confidentiality, conflict of interest, and referral pathways, and describe a breach scenario.

Demonstrate leadership behaviors: setting a vision, delegating, giving feedback, managing a team conflict, and communicating risk to a worried community.

Draft a risk communication message for an emerging disease threat that addresses uncertainty, recommended actions, and trusted channels.

Complete two full-length timed mock examinations under exam conditions and record the score per domain.

Review every missed item, write the underlying concept and the correct reasoning in a personal error log, and re-test those concepts after 48 hours.

Revisit the two lowest-scoring domains with targeted practice and a condensed one-page summary for each.

Recite from memory the core formula sheet, key definitions, and major program indicators without notes.

Finalize a one-page exam-day strategy covering time allocation, question triage, and flagging rules.